Suchergebnisse

Preliminary Material /Aage Hansen-Löve , Annegret Heitmann and Inka Mülder-Bach -- Vorwort /Aage Hansen-Löve , Annegret Heitmann and Inka Mülder-Bach -- "Ankommende Erregungsgrößen". Zur Einführung /Inka Mülder-Bach -- Ankunft und Abenteuer. Philosophische Anmerkungen zu Zeiterfahrungen um 1900 im Ausgang von Émile Zola und Georg Simmel /Dieter Thomä -- Der Erscheinende. Stefan Georges epiphane Augenblicke /Ulrich Raulff -- Skeptisch verweigerte Ankunft. Franz Overbecks Diastase von wahrem Christentum und moderner Kultur /Friedrich Wilhelm Graf -- Das Rätsel der Ankunft. Zwei Kolonialreisen um 1900 /Tobias Döring -- Figuren der Ankunft im russischen Symbolismus um 1900 /Aage A. Hansen-Löve -- Ausgesetzte Niederkunft – Genealogische Figurationen der Ankunft im 20. Jahrhundert /Annette Keck -- Erscheinung und Zeremonie. Ankunftsszenen bei Hugo von Hofmannsthal /Juliane Vogel -- Ankunft des Fremden. Zur Identitätsformel in Rilkes Einakter Die weiße Fürstin /Gerhard Neumann -- Folgenlose Auftritte. Ankunftsszenen im Drama der frühen Moderne /Erika Greber and Annegret Heitmann -- Das Intervall der Versagung. Ankunftsfiguren zwischen Anfang und Ende in Maurice Maeterlincks Les aveugles und Émile Zolas La bête humaine /Kurt Hahn -- Die verwehrte Ankunft. Warten auf Mallarmés Livre /Lars Schneider -- (Un-)Vermittelte Anfänge. Eine kurze Geschichte der weltweiten Blumengrüße /Markus Krajewski -- Kamera-Aggressionen: Technisch-erotische Annäherungen im frühen britischen Film (1895–1901) /Natascha Drubek-Meyer -- Beiträgerinnen und Beiträger /Aage Hansen-Löve , Annegret Heitmann and Inka Mülder-Bach.

AMO, Anton Wilhelm (c. 1700-c. 1759)AMTHOR, Christoph Heinrich (1677-1721); ANCILLON, Johann Peter Friedrich (1767-1837); ANCILLON, Louis Frédéric (1740-1814); APIN, Siegmund Jacob (1693-1732); ARGENS, Jean-Baptiste de Boyer (1703-71); ARNOLD, Gottfried (1666-1714); ARNOLDT, Daniel Heinrich (1706-75); ASCHER, Saul (Theodiscus) (1767-1822); B; BAADER, Benedikt Franz Xaver von (1765-1841); BACH, Carl Philipp Emanuel (1714-88); BAGGESEN, Jens (1764-1826); BAHRDT, Carl Friedrich (1741-92); BALDINGER, Dorothea Friderika (1739-86); BANDEMER, Susanne von (1751-1828); BARBEYRAC, Jean (1674-1744).

Non-native species cause changes in the ecosystems to which they are introduced. These changes, or some of them, are usually termed impacts; they can be manifold and potentially damaging to ecosystems and biodiversity. However, the impacts of most non-native species are poorly understood, and a synthesis of available information is being hindered because authors often do not clearly define impact. We argue that explicitly defining the impact of non-native species will promote progress toward a better understanding of the implications of changes to biodiversity and ecosystems caused by non-native species; help disentangle which aspects of scientific debates about non-native species are due to disparate definitions and which represent true scientific discord; and improve communication between scientists from different research disciplines and between scientists, managers, and policy makers. For these reasons and based on examples from the literature, we devised seven key questions that fall into 4 categories: directionality, classification and measurement, ecological or socio-economic changes, and scale. These questions should help in formulating clear and practical definitions of impact to suit specific scientific, stakeholder, or legislative contexts.

Non-native species cause changes in the ecosystems to which they are introduced. These changes, or some of them, are usually termed impacts; they can be manifold and potentially damaging to ecosystems and biodiversity. However, the impacts of most non-native species are poorly understood, and a synthesis of available information is being hindered because authors often do not clearly define impact. We argue that explicitly defining the impact of non-native species will promote progress toward a better understanding of the implications of changes to biodiversity and ecosystems caused by non-native species; help disentangle which aspects of scientific debates about non-native species are due to disparate definitions and which represent true scientific discord; and improve communication between scientists from different research disciplines and between scientists, managers, and policy makers. For these reasons and based on examples from the literature, we devised seven key questions that fall into 4 categories: directionality, classification and measurement, ecological or socio-economic changes, and scale. These questions should help in formulating clear and practical definitions of impact to suit specific scientific, stakeholder, or legislative contexts.

The European Union (EU) has recently published its first list of invasive alien species(IAS) of EU concern to which current legislation must apply. The list comprises speciesknown to pose great threats to biodiversity and needs to be maintained and updated.Horizon scanning is seen as critical to identify the most threatening potential IAS thatdo not yet occur in Europe to be subsequently risk assessed for future listing. Accord-ingly, we present a systematic consensus horizon scanning procedure to derive a rankedlist of potential IAS likely to arrive, establish, spread and have an impact on biodiversityin the region over the next decade. The approach is unique in the continental scaleexamined, the breadth of taxonomic groups and environments considered, and themethods and data sources used. International experts were brought together to addressfive broad thematic groups of potential IAS. For each thematic group the experts firstindependently assembled lists of potential IAS not yet established in the EU but poten-tially threatening biodiversity if introduced. Experts were asked to score the specieswithin their thematic group for their separate likelihoods of i) arrival, ii) establishment,iii) spread, and iv) magnitude of the potential negative impact on biodiversity within theEU. Experts then convened for a 2‐day workshop applying consensus methods to com-pile a ranked list of potential IAS. From an initial working list of 329 species, a list of 66species not yet established in the EU that were considered to be very high (8 species),high (40 species) or medium (18 species) risk species was derived. Here, we presentthese species highlighting the potential negative impacts and the most likely biogeo-graphic regions to be affected by these potential IAS.

Scenario analysis has emerged as a key tool to analyze complex and uncertain future socio-ecological developments. However, currently existing global scenarios (narratives of how the world may develop) have neglected biological invasions, a major threat to biodiversity and the economy. Here, we use a novel participatory process to develop a diverse set of global biological invasion scenarios spanning a wide range of plausible global futures through to 2050. We adapted the widely used "two axes" scenario analysis approach to develop four families of four scenarios each, resulting in 16 scenarios that were later clustered into four contrasting sets of futures. Our analysis highlights that socioeconomic developments and technological innovation have the potential to shape biological invasions, in addition to well-known drivers, such as climate and human land use change and global trade. Our scenarios partially align with the shared socioeconomic pathways created by the climate change research community. Several factors that drive differences in biological invasions were underrepresented in the shared socioeconomic pathways; in particular, the implementation of biosecurity policies. We argue that including factors related to public environmental awareness and technological and trade development in global scenarios and models is essential to adequately consider biological invasions in global environmental assessments and thereby obtain a more integrative picture of future social–ecological developments.

Zusammenfassung
1919–1945
Ursula Büttner, Weimar. Die überforderte Republik 1918-1933 (Heiner Möllers)
Nationalsozialismus und Erster Weltkrieg. Hrsg. von Gerd Krumeich in Verb. mit Anke Hoffstadt und Arndt Weinrich (Gideon Botsch)
Joachim Riecker, Hitlers 9. November. Wie der Erste Weltkrieg zum Holocaust führte (Gideon Botsch)
Ludolf Herbst, Hitlers Charisma. Die Erfindung eines deutschen Messias (Alexander Kranz)
Matthias Strohn, The German Army and the Defence of the Reich. Military Doctrine and the Conduct of the Defensive Battle 1918-1939 (Martin Moll)
Peter Steinbach und Johannes Tuchel, Georg Elser. Der Hitler-Attentäter (Winfried Heinemann)
Franz Josef Merkl, General Simon. Lebensgeschichten eines SS-Führers (Manfred Messerschmidt)
René Rohrkamp, "Weltanschaulich gefestigte Kämpfer": Die Soldaten der Waffen-SS 1933-1945 (Bernd Jürgen Wendt)
Hans-Erich Volkmann, Luxemburg im Zeichen des Hakenkreuzes. Eine politische Wirtschaftsgeschichte 1933 bis 1944 (Jost Dülffer)
Documents diplomatiques français 1940. T. 2 (11 juillet-31 décembre) (Klaus-Jürgen Müller)
Jörn Brinkhus, Luftschutz und Versorgungspolitik. Regionen und Gemeinden im NS-Staat 1942-1944/45 (Armin Nolzen)
Henry Rousso, Frankreich und die "dunklen Jahre". Das Regime von Vichy in Geschichte und Gegenwart (Elisabeth Bokelmann)
Manfred Rommel, 1944 – das Jahr der Entscheidung. Erwin Rommel in Frankreich (Winfried Heinemann)
Lars Hellwinkel, Der deutsche Kriegsmarinestützpunkt Brest (Dieter Hartwig)
Jörn Hasenclever, Wehrmacht und Besatzungspolitik in der Sowjetunion. Die Befehlshaber der rückwärtigen Heeresgebiete 1941-1943 (Christian Streit)
Helmut Roewer, Die Rote Kapelle und andere Geheimdienstmythen. Spionage zwischen Deutschland und Russland im Zweiten Weltkrieg 1941-1945 (Winfried Heinemann)
Michael B. Petersen, Missiles for the Fatherland. Peenemünde, National Socialism, and the V-2 Missile (Horst Boog)
Markus Gleichmann und Karl-Heinz Bock, Düsenjäger über dem Walpersberg. Die Geschichte des unterirdischen Flugzeugwerkes "REIMAHG" bei Kahla/Thüringen (Horst Boog)
Luftkrieg. Erinnerungen in Deutschland und Europa. Hrsg. von Jörg Arnold, Dietmar Süß und Malte Thießen (Heiner Möllers)
Regina Mühlhäuser, Eroberungen. Sexuelle Gewalttaten und intime Beziehungen deutscher Soldaten in der Sowjetunion, 1941-1945 (Andreas Himmelsbach)
David Killingray with Martin Plaut, Fighting for Britain. African Soldiers in the Second World War (Christian Koller)
Glen M. Williford, Racing the Sunrise. Reinforcing America's Pacific Outposts, 1941-1942
Gregory J.W. Urwin, Victory in defeat. The Wake Island Defenders in Captivity, 1941-1945 (Gerhard Krebs)
Österreichische Juden in Lettland. Flucht – Asyl – Internierung. Hrsg. von Stefan Karner, Philipp Lesiak und Heinrihs Strods (Tilman Plath)
Hans Göbel, Geglaubt, gekämpft, gefangen. Meine Arbeitsdienst- und Militärzeit sowie Kriegsgefangenschaft (1942-1948) (Georg Wurzer)
Judith Kestler, Kriegsgefangenschaft und Weltreise. Untersuchungen zur Biographie eines unfreiwilligen Teilnehmers am Zweiten Weltkrieg (Georg Wurzer)
Hitlers Sklaven – Stalins "Verräter". Aspekte der Repression an Zwangsarbeitern und Kriegsgefangenen. Eine Zwischenbilanz. Hrsg. von Peter Ruggenthaler und Walter M. Iber unter Mitarb. von Dieter Bacher (Hans-Erich Volkmann)

Preliminary Material /Gaby Pailer , Andreas Böhn , Stefan Horlacher and Ulrich Scheck -- Introduction /Gaby Pailer -- A Short Introduction to Theories of Humour, the Comic, and Laughter /Stefan Horlacher -- Subversions of Gender Identities through Laughter and the Comic? /Andreas Böhn -- "Kiss a white Galathea, she will laugh and blush": Laughter, Blush, and Gender Roles in Gottfried Keller's Novella Cycle A Formula for Love. The Epigram (1881) /Jessica Hamann -- "A comic turn, turned serious": Humour, Body Modification, and the Natural in Fay Weldon's The Life and Loves of a She Devil /Beth Pentney -- "From now on, I am Carmen": Imagining Cross-Dressing as Comic Protest in the Life and Work of Romanian-German Author Franz Hodjak /Raluca Cernahoschi -- Where No Woman Has Gone Before: Humour and Gender Crossing in Star Trek's Voyager and Enterprise /Ulrich Scheck -- "To be educated is to become a Harlequin": Cross-Skinning as Carnivalesque Hybridity in Michel Serres, Hannah Höch's Dada, and Orlan's Body Art /Markus Hallensleben -- Multi-Layered Conflicts with the Norm: Gender and Cultural Diversity in Two Comedies of the German Enlightenment /Gaby Pailer -- Indigenous Laughter: The Voice of the Other in Tales from the "South Seas" /Sabine Wilke -- Subverting the Pantragic Heroine: Nestroy against Hebbel /Gabrijela Mecky Zaragoza -- Black and White in Color or Black Victory? The Comic Effect of Displacement in the Film Noirs et blancs en couleur (1976) by Jean-Jacques Annaud /Jakub Kazecki -- The City as Stage of Transgression: Performance, Picaresque Reminiscences, and Linguistic Incongruity in Emine S. Özdamar's The Bridge of the Golden Horn /Karin Lornsen -- Moral Ideal and Physical Desire: Gender Roles, Sex, and Comic Elements in the Rococo Tales of Christoph Martin Wieland /Andreas Seidler -- Social Satire, Literary Parody, and Gender Critique in French and German Fairy Tales of the Enlightenment: Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Friederike Helene Unger /Birte Giesler -- "But I'm a Lady!" Undoing Gender Bending in Contemporary British Radio Comedy /Ellie Kennedy -- Mockumentalism: Re-Casting the Void in Contemporary British TV Comedy /Stear Peter -- Couples and Friends: Comic Strategies and Social Structures in German and American Comedy Series /Christine Mielke -- Affirmative Humour in Bully Herbig's Parody of Star Wars/Star Trek: (T)Raumschiff Surprise /Frank Degler -- May I Laugh about Women's Lib? or: The Difficult Relationship of Humour and Feminism in Margaret Atwood, Caryl Churchill, and Helen Fielding /Susanne Bach -- Aletheia as Striptease: Gendered Allegories of Truth in Heidegger, Gorgias, and Barthes /Stefan Börnchen -- Judith Butler and the Problem of Adequacy, or: The Epistemological Dimension of Laughter /Volker Helbig -- Comparing Same-Gender and Opposite-Gender Conversations: a Laughing Matter? /Caroline L. Rieger -- The Joy of Anti-Art: Subversion through Humour in Dada /Oliver C. Speck -- List of Contributors /Gaby Pailer , Andreas Böhn , Stefan Horlacher and Ulrich Scheck.

The European Union Regulation (EU) 1143/2014 on invasive alien species (IAS) establishes an EU-wide framework for action to prevent, minimise and mitigate the adverse impacts of IAS on biodiversity and centres around the development of a list of IAS of EU Concern. The initial list of IAS of EU concern will be based on available risk assessments compliant with agreed minimum standards but horizon scanning is seen as critical to inform future updating of the list, in order to prioritise the most threatening new and emerging IAS. A workshop was held with the overarching aim of reviewing and validating an approach to horizon scanning to derive a ranked list of IAS which are likely to arrive, establish, spread and have an impact on biodiversity or related ecosystem services in the EU over the next decade. The agreed horizon scanning approach involved two distinct phases: i) Preliminary consultation between experts within five thematic groups to derive initial scores; ii) Consensus-building across expert groups including extensive discussion on species rankings coupled with review and moderation of scores across groups. The outcome of the horizon scanning was a list of 95 species, including all taxa (except microorganisms) within marine, terrestrial and freshwater environments, considered as very high or high priority for risk assessment ; Le Règlement de l'Union Européenne (UE) 1143/2014 sur les espèces notices envahissantes (EEE) établit un cadre d'actions à l'échelle européenne pour prévenir, réduire au minimum et atténuer les impacts négatifs des EEE sur la biodiversité, et se concentre sur le développement d'une liste d'EEE de préoccupation européenne. La liste initiale d'EEE de préoccupation européenne est basée sur les analyses de risque disponibles conformes aux standards minimums reconnus. Mais l'horizon scanning est essentiel pour informer les mises à jour futures de la liste, dans le but de prioritiser les EEE nouvelles et émergentes les plus menaçantes. Un workshop a été organisé avec pour but général d'évaluer et de valider une approche d'horizon scanning en vue de produire une liste ordonnée d'EEE susceptibles d'arriver, de s'établir, de se disperser et de présenter un impact sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques associés dans l'UE durant la prochaine décennie. L'approche d'horizon scanning avalisée comprenait deux phases distinctes: i) Une consultation préliminaire entre experts au sein de cinq groups thématiques pour produire des scores initiaux ii) L'établissement de consensus au travers des groups d'experts incluant une discussion approfondie sur les classements des espèces, combinée à une évaluation et une modération des scores entre groupes. Le résultat de l'horizon scanning consistait en une liste de 95 espèces, comprenant tous les types taxonomies (excepté des microorganismes) au sein des environnements marins, terrestres et d'eau douce, et considérées comme étant de priorité très élevée à élevée pour la réalisation d'analyses de risque

The European Union Regulation (EU) 1143/2014 on invasive alien species (IAS) establishes an EU-wide framework for action to prevent, minimise and mitigate the adverse impacts of IAS on biodiversity and centres around the development of a list of IAS of EU Concern. The initial list of IAS of EU concern will be based on available risk assessments compliant with agreed minimum standards but horizon scanning is seen as critical to inform future updating of the list, in order to prioritise the most threatening new and emerging IAS. A workshop was held with the overarching aim of reviewing and validating an approach to horizon scanning to derive a ranked list of IAS which are likely to arrive, establish, spread and have an impact on biodiversity or related ecosystem services in the EU over the next decade. The agreed horizon scanning approach involved two distinct phases: i) Preliminary consultation between experts within five thematic groups to derive initial scores; ii) Consensus-building across expert groups including extensive discussion on species rankings coupled with review and moderation of scores across groups. The outcome of the horizon scanning was a list of 95 species, including all taxa (except microorganisms) within marine, terrestrial and freshwater environments, considered as very high or high priority for risk assessment ; Le Règlement de l'Union Européenne (UE) 1143/2014 sur les espèces notices envahissantes (EEE) établit un cadre d'actions à l'échelle européenne pour prévenir, réduire au minimum et atténuer les impacts négatifs des EEE sur la biodiversité, et se concentre sur le développement d'une liste d'EEE de préoccupation européenne. La liste initiale d'EEE de préoccupation européenne est basée sur les analyses de risque disponibles conformes aux standards minimums reconnus. Mais l'horizon scanning est essentiel pour informer les mises à jour futures de la liste, dans le but de prioritiser les EEE nouvelles et émergentes les plus menaçantes. Un workshop a été organisé avec pour but général d'évaluer et de valider une approche d'horizon scanning en vue de produire une liste ordonnée d'EEE susceptibles d'arriver, de s'établir, de se disperser et de présenter un impact sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques associés dans l'UE durant la prochaine décennie. L'approche d'horizon scanning avalisée comprenait deux phases distinctes: i) Une consultation préliminaire entre experts au sein de cinq groups thématiques pour produire des scores initiaux ii) L'établissement de consensus au travers des groups d'experts incluant une discussion approfondie sur les classements des espèces, combinée à une évaluation et une modération des scores entre groupes. Le résultat de l'horizon scanning consistait en une liste de 95 espèces, comprenant tous les types taxonomies (excepté des microorganismes) au sein des environnements marins, terrestres et d'eau douce, et considérées comme étant de priorité très élevée à élevée pour la réalisation d'analyses de risque

The European Union (EU) has recently published its first list of invasive alien species (IAS) of EU concern to which current legislation must apply. The list comprises species known to pose great threats to biodiversity and needs to be maintained and updated. Horizon scanning is seen as critical to identify the most threatening potential IAS that do not yet occur in Europe to be subsequently risk assessed for future listing. Accordingly, we present a systematic consensus horizon scanning procedure to derive a ranked list of potential IAS likely to arrive, establish, spread and have an impact on biodiversity in the region over the next decade. The approach is unique in the continental scale examined, the breadth of taxonomic groups and environments considered, and the methods and data sources used. International experts were brought together to address five broad thematic groups of potential IAS. For each thematic group the experts first independently assembled lists of potential IAS not yet established in the EU but potentially threatening biodiversity if introduced. Experts were asked to score the species within their thematic group for their separate likelihoods of i) arrival, ii) establishment, iii) spread, and iv) magnitude of the potential negative impact on biodiversity within the EU. Experts then convened for a 2-day workshop applying consensus methods to compile a ranked list of potential IAS. From an initial working list of 329 species, a list of 66 species not yet established in the EU that were considered to be very high (8 species), high (40 species) or medium (18 species) risk species was derived. Here, we present these species highlighting the potential negative impacts and the most likely biogeographic regions to be affected by these potential IAS.

There is no sign of saturation in accumulation of alien species (AS) introductions worldwide, additionally the rate of spread for some species has also been shown to be increasing. However, the challenges of gathering information on AS are recognized. Recent developments in citizen science (CS) provide an opportunity to improve data flow and knowledge on AS while ensuring effective and high quality societal engagement with the issue of IAS (Invasive Alien Species). Advances in technology, particularly on-line recording and smartphone apps, along with the development of social media, have revolutionized CS and increased connectivity while new and innovative analysis techniques are emerging to ensure appropriate management, visualization, interpretation and use and sharing of the data. In early July 2018 we launched a European CO-operation in Science and Technology (COST) Action to address multidisciplinary research questions in relation to developing and implementing CS, advancing scientific understanding of AS dynamics while informing decision-making specifically implementation of technical requirements of relevant legislation such as the EU Regulation 1143/2014 on IAS. It will also support the EU biodiversity goals and embedding science within society. The Action will explore and document approaches to establishing a European-wide CS AS network. It will embrace relevant innovations for data gathering and reporting to support the implementation of monitoring and surveillance measures, while ensuring benefits for society and citizens, through an AS CS European network. The Action will, therefore, increase levels of participation and quality of engagement with current CS initiatives, ensuring and evaluating educational value, and improve the value outcomes for potential users including citizens, scientists, alien species managers, policy-makers, local authorities, industry and other stakeholders.

The European Union Regulation (EU) 1143/2014 on invasive alien species (IAS) establishes an EU-wide framework for action to prevent, minimise and mitigate the adverse impacts of IAS on biodiversity and centres around the development of a list of IAS of EU Concern. The initial list of IAS of EU concern will be based on available risk assessments compliant with agreed minimum standards but horizon scanning is seen as critical to inform future updating of the list, in order to prioritise the most threatening new and emerging IAS. A workshop was held with the overarching aim of reviewing and validating an approach to horizon scanning to derive a ranked list of IAS which are likely to arrive, establish, spread and have an impact on biodiversity or related ecosystem services in the EU over the next decade. The agreed horizon scanning approach involved two distinct phases: i) Preliminary consultation between experts within five thematic groups to derive initial scores; ii) Consensus-building across expert groups including extensive discussion on species rankings coupled with review and moderation of scores across groups. The outcome of the horizon scanning was a list of 95 species, including all taxa (except microorganisms) within marine, terrestrial and freshwater environments, considered as very high or high priority for risk assessment ; Le Règlement de l'Union Européenne (UE) 1143/2014 sur les espèces notices envahissantes (EEE) établit un cadre d'actions à l'échelle européenne pour prévenir, réduire au minimum et atténuer les impacts négatifs des EEE sur la biodiversité, et se concentre sur le développement d'une liste d'EEE de préoccupation européenne. La liste initiale d'EEE de préoccupation européenne est basée sur les analyses de risque disponibles conformes aux standards minimums reconnus. Mais l'horizon scanning est essentiel pour informer les mises à jour futures de la liste, dans le but de prioritiser les EEE nouvelles et émergentes les plus menaçantes. Un workshop a été organisé avec pour but général ...