Suchergebnisse

The article analyzes the role of the institute of chaplain during the exercise of the right to freedom of religion and belief by the servicemen. The phenomenon of a dual service subordination of a military chaplain which is within the army and church hierarchy has been researched into. This is the major element of the legal nature of the institute of military chaplain. Religious organizations are deprived of the opportunity to conduct religious events without support of military commanders. The service is organized within the established regime which should be followed by everyone without any exceptions and which does not often leave time for religious activity. Attention has been drawn to the fact that the state should create social and legal prerequisites for religious activities of religious servicemen at all military bases and other units because these people are not deprived of their right to freedom of religion but cannot exercise it without the state's support. Freedom of religion and belief of servicemen can be ensured only by legalization of the institute of chaplain in other words its full legal implementation and certain legal regulation. With this approach the chaplain is the person who has a legal status and bears responsibility for improper performance of his/her duties. As experience of Ukraine and other states shows, activity of military clergy which aims at ensuring the exercise of the right to freedom of religion by the servicemen is one of organizational measures taken by the state to protect the rights of religious servicemen. As a result, the state has to develop a close cooperation with certain religious organizations to solve tasks during the exercise of the right to freedom of religion by servicemen. The current issues of legal regulation of the chaplain institute in Ukraine have been analyzed. Necessity to adopt the law 'On Military Chaplain' has been proved. The main subject of this law should be a legal status of a military chaplain, his/her subordination, training, social, ...

In terms of determining the course of European integrationand the declaration at the constitutional level objectives in Ukraine building legal,democratic state special importance is the issue of full and effective guarantee ofhuman rights, including freedom of religion. State ensure the implementation of saidfundamental right, among other things, much depends on the nature of relationsbetween the state and religious organizations, models and establishment ofrelationships, their regulation. Thus a leading role in ensuring the freedom of religionplaying courts. In addition, the recent events taking place in Europe (the terroristattacks in Paris, the introduction of increased level of terrorist threat in Brussels, etc.)led to the aggravation of interethnic and interreligious relations, set a new stage theproblem of balance of traditional European values (freedom of speech) rights ofreligious ( eg Muslim) minority.Recent research and publications analysis. To the analysis judicialguarantees the right to freedom of religion, in particular, such researchers applied asP. Rabinovich, S. Shevchuk, GL Sergienko, D. Vovk.Paper main body. The article deals with the problem of judicial protection ofthe right to freedom of thought and religion by means of domestic legal proceedings,as well as the European Court of Human Rights proved that religious organizations ascivil society institutions are autonomous entities and is therefore neither the state norits agencies or territorial communities or local authorities acting on their behalf, havethe right to determine at a central or local level priority or restrict this or that religion,to provide special protection and the legal status of a religious organization tointerfere with the due process of law activities of religious organizations and fundtheir activity, change their subordination in canonical and organizational matters ofany action in Ukraine and beyond religious centers (management).Conclusions of the research. national legislation on freedom of religion issufficiently liberal to determine the order of the constitutional right of citizens ofUkraine, determination of the legal status of religious communities and theirrelationship with the state. However, the administrative practice of state and localgovernment establishes many unjustified interference with the right of persons tofreedom of religion and belief, including the issues of internal activities of religiousorganizations. In addition, these actions of the authorities and certain legal provisionsinconsistent with the provisions of the Convention for the Protection of HumanRights and Fundamental Freedoms and the practice of the ECHR. ; Рассмотрены проблемы судебной защиты права на свободу мировоззрения и вероисповедания средствами отечественного судопроизводства, а также Европейского Суда по правам человека. Доказано, что религиозные организации как институты гражданского общества являются автономными образованиями и именно поэтому ни государство, ни его органы, ни территориальные общины, ни органы местного самоуправления, которые действуют от их имени, не имеют права определять на центральном или местном уровнях приоритетной или ограничивать ту или другую религию, оказывать особую защиту и юридический статус той или иной религиозной организации, вмешиваться в осуществляемую в рамках закона деятельность религиозных организаций и финансировать их деятельность, изменять их подчиненность в канонических и организационных вопросах любым действующем в Украине и за ее пределами религиозным центрам (управлениям) ; Розглянуто проблеми судового захисту права на свободу світогляду та віросповідання засобами вітчизняного судочинства, а також Європейського Суду з прав людини. Доведено, що релігійні організації як інститути громадянського суспільства є автономними утвореннями і саме тому ні держава, ні її органи, ні територіальні громади, ні органи місцевого самоврядування, котрі діють від їх імені, не мають права визначати на центральному чи локальному рівнях пріоритетною або обмежувати ту чи іншу релігію, надавати особливий захист та юридичний статус тій чи іншій релігійній організації, втручатись у здійснювану в межах закону діяльність релігійних організацій та фінансувати їх діяльність, змінювати їх підлеглість у канонічних і організаційних питаннях будь-яким діючім в Україні та за її межами релігійним центрам (управлінням)

In terms of determining the course of European integrationand the declaration at the constitutional level objectives in Ukraine building legal,democratic state special importance is the issue of full and effective guarantee ofhuman rights, including freedom of religion. State ensure the implementation of saidfundamental right, among other things, much depends on the nature of relationsbetween the state and religious organizations, models and establishment ofrelationships, their regulation. Thus a leading role in ensuring the freedom of religionplaying courts. In addition, the recent events taking place in Europe (the terroristattacks in Paris, the introduction of increased level of terrorist threat in Brussels, etc.)led to the aggravation of interethnic and interreligious relations, set a new stage theproblem of balance of traditional European values (freedom of speech) rights ofreligious ( eg Muslim) minority.Recent research and publications analysis. To the analysis judicialguarantees the right to freedom of religion, in particular, such researchers applied asP. Rabinovich, S. Shevchuk, GL Sergienko, D. Vovk.Paper main body. The article deals with the problem of judicial protection ofthe right to freedom of thought and religion by means of domestic legal proceedings,as well as the European Court of Human Rights proved that religious organizations ascivil society institutions are autonomous entities and is therefore neither the state norits agencies or territorial communities or local authorities acting on their behalf, havethe right to determine at a central or local level priority or restrict this or that religion,to provide special protection and the legal status of a religious organization tointerfere with the due process of law activities of religious organizations and fundtheir activity, change their subordination in canonical and organizational matters ofany action in Ukraine and beyond religious centers (management).Conclusions of the research. national legislation on freedom of religion issufficiently liberal to determine the order of the constitutional right of citizens ofUkraine, determination of the legal status of religious communities and theirrelationship with the state. However, the administrative practice of state and localgovernment establishes many unjustified interference with the right of persons tofreedom of religion and belief, including the issues of internal activities of religiousorganizations. In addition, these actions of the authorities and certain legal provisionsinconsistent with the provisions of the Convention for the Protection of HumanRights and Fundamental Freedoms and the practice of the ECHR. ; Рассмотрены проблемы судебной защиты права на свободу мировоззрения и вероисповедания средствами отечественного судопроизводства, а также Европейского Суда по правам человека. Доказано, что религиозные организации как институты гражданского общества являются автономными образованиями и именно поэтому ни государство, ни его органы, ни территориальные общины, ни органы местного самоуправления, которые действуют от их имени, не имеют права определять на центральном или местном уровнях приоритетной или ограничивать ту или другую религию, оказывать особую защиту и юридический статус той или иной религиозной организации, вмешиваться в осуществляемую в рамках закона деятельность религиозных организаций и финансировать их деятельность, изменять их подчиненность в канонических и организационных вопросах любым действующем в Украине и за ее пределами религиозным центрам (управлениям) ; Розглянуто проблеми судового захисту права на свободу світогляду та віросповідання засобами вітчизняного судочинства, а також Європейського Суду з прав людини. Доведено, що релігійні організації як інститути громадянського суспільства є автономними утвореннями і саме тому ні держава, ні її органи, ні територіальні громади, ні органи місцевого самоврядування, котрі діють від їх імені, не мають права визначати на центральному чи локальному рівнях пріоритетною або обмежувати ту чи іншу релігію, надавати особливий захист та юридичний статус тій чи іншій релігійній організації, втручатись у здійснювану в межах закону діяльність релігійних організацій та фінансувати їх діяльність, змінювати їх підлеглість у канонічних і організаційних питаннях будь-яким діючім в Україні та за її межами релігійним центрам (управлінням)

In terms of determining the course of European integrationand the declaration at the constitutional level objectives in Ukraine building legal,democratic state special importance is the issue of full and effective guarantee ofhuman rights, including freedom of religion. State ensure the implementation of saidfundamental right, among other things, much depends on the nature of relationsbetween the state and religious organizations, models and establishment ofrelationships, their regulation. Thus a leading role in ensuring the freedom of religionplaying courts. In addition, the recent events taking place in Europe (the terroristattacks in Paris, the introduction of increased level of terrorist threat in Brussels, etc.)led to the aggravation of interethnic and interreligious relations, set a new stage theproblem of balance of traditional European values (freedom of speech) rights ofreligious ( eg Muslim) minority.Recent research and publications analysis. To the analysis judicialguarantees the right to freedom of religion, in particular, such researchers applied asP. Rabinovich, S. Shevchuk, GL Sergienko, D. Vovk.Paper main body. The article deals with the problem of judicial protection ofthe right to freedom of thought and religion by means of domestic legal proceedings,as well as the European Court of Human Rights proved that religious organizations ascivil society institutions are autonomous entities and is therefore neither the state norits agencies or territorial communities or local authorities acting on their behalf, havethe right to determine at a central or local level priority or restrict this or that religion,to provide special protection and the legal status of a religious organization tointerfere with the due process of law activities of religious organizations and fundtheir activity, change their subordination in canonical and organizational matters ofany action in Ukraine and beyond religious centers (management).Conclusions of the research. national legislation on freedom of religion issufficiently liberal to determine the order of the constitutional right of citizens ofUkraine, determination of the legal status of religious communities and theirrelationship with the state. However, the administrative practice of state and localgovernment establishes many unjustified interference with the right of persons tofreedom of religion and belief, including the issues of internal activities of religiousorganizations. In addition, these actions of the authorities and certain legal provisionsinconsistent with the provisions of the Convention for the Protection of HumanRights and Fundamental Freedoms and the practice of the ECHR. ; Рассмотрены проблемы судебной защиты права на свободу мировоззрения и вероисповедания средствами отечественного судопроизводства, а также Европейского Суда по правам человека. Доказано, что религиозные организации как институты гражданского общества являются автономными образованиями и именно поэтому ни государство, ни его органы, ни территориальные общины, ни органы местного самоуправления, которые действуют от их имени, не имеют права определять на центральном или местном уровнях приоритетной или ограничивать ту или другую религию, оказывать особую защиту и юридический статус той или иной религиозной организации, вмешиваться в осуществляемую в рамках закона деятельность религиозных организаций и финансировать их деятельность, изменять их подчиненность в канонических и организационных вопросах любым действующем в Украине и за ее пределами религиозным центрам (управлениям) ; Розглянуто проблеми судового захисту права на свободу світогляду та віросповідання засобами вітчизняного судочинства, а також Європейського Суду з прав людини. Доведено, що релігійні організації як інститути громадянського суспільства є автономними утвореннями і саме тому ні держава, ні її органи, ні територіальні громади, ні органи місцевого самоврядування, котрі діють від їх імені, не мають права визначати на центральному чи локальному рівнях пріоритетною або обмежувати ту чи іншу релігію, надавати особливий захист та юридичний статус тій чи іншій релігійній організації, втручатись у здійснювану в межах закону діяльність релігійних організацій та фінансувати їх діяльність, змінювати їх підлеглість у канонічних і організаційних питаннях будь-яким діючім в Україні та за її межами релігійним центрам (управлінням)

The article proposes to improve using of the concepts "freedom of religion" or "freedom of faith" and "legal religious tolerance". Such categories as "freedom of religion" or "freedom of faith" are more popular now in the state and international legal acts.

The application of hermeneutic, comparative, historical, formal legal and dialectical methods of scientific research allows concluding that the term "legal religious tolerance" is better suited to the realities of the legal system than the concept of "freedom of religion" or "freedom of faith". The content of the concept of "freedom of religion" as one of the main categories of human rights and freedoms enshrined in international acts and in the legislation of the most states of the Western Legal Tradition is based on the philosophical ideas of the early modern period. Despite the humanity and the enlightening liberality of those ideas, they remain too idealized and complicated in their practical legal application. The legal content of the concept of "religious tolerance", with all the disadvantages of its vagueness, due to its hermeneutic flexibility leaves much more space for the practical law enforcement.

The categories of "state religion" and "religion of the majority population" are supposed to exist. It does not require absolute detachment of public authorities from regulating religious relationships. Moreover, it mitigates collisions between the application of this right and other civil rights. The author states that using of the legal category of "religious tolerance" is much more suitable. Since its content is in line with the canons of the religious laws of the different religions, natural law, and the historical legal tradition of the long development of society, the concept of "religious tolerance" should be used for the regulation of the religious legal relations in the states with different religious communities.

The paper explores the constitutional legislation of Ukraine regarding the legalstatus of religious associations, formulating proposals for its improvement inaccordance with international legal standards.The legal status of religious associations and their correlation within and withthe state are bound to the recognition and implementation of freedom of conscience.While consolidating the principle of freedom of conscience constitutions of moderndemocracies do not define the scope of this principle's legal regulation. Thus creatingartificial complications when defining the substance of the legal status of religiousassociations, built on the foundation that is freedom of religion. Therefore, thedesignation of ways and approaches to the constitutional regulation of freedom ofconscience and association are both theoretically and practically important researchdirections in the theory of law.The article focuses on the analysis of methodological development principlesof national constitutional law on religious associations. The author reveals theconstitutional model of church-state relations in Ukraine, which is a prerequisite tothe analysis of the current state of constitutional recognition of freedom of conscienceand the right of association in Ukraine. The author also dwells on the issue ofestablishing legal grounds for the restriction of freedom of religion, and the analysisof Ukrainian citizens' complications when exercising the right of alternative servicefor religious or other reasons.As an outcome of the research, the author defines and analyzes the mainapproaches to the improvement of the constitutional legislation of Ukraine in terms ofregulation of freedom of conscience and activity of religious associations inaccordance with European legal standards. ; Проанализировано конституционное законодательство Украины, регулирующее правовой статус религиозных объединений, сформулированы предложения по его совершенствованию в соответствии с международно-правовыми стандартами ; Досліджено конституційне законодавство України, що регулює правовий статус релігійних об'єднань, сформульовано пропозиції щодо його вдосконалення відповідно до міжнародно-правових стандартів

The paper explores the constitutional legislation of Ukraine regarding the legalstatus of religious associations, formulating proposals for its improvement inaccordance with international legal standards.The legal status of religious associations and their correlation within and withthe state are bound to the recognition and implementation of freedom of conscience.While consolidating the principle of freedom of conscience constitutions of moderndemocracies do not define the scope of this principle's legal regulation. Thus creatingartificial complications when defining the substance of the legal status of religiousassociations, built on the foundation that is freedom of religion. Therefore, thedesignation of ways and approaches to the constitutional regulation of freedom ofconscience and association are both theoretically and practically important researchdirections in the theory of law.The article focuses on the analysis of methodological development principlesof national constitutional law on religious associations. The author reveals theconstitutional model of church-state relations in Ukraine, which is a prerequisite tothe analysis of the current state of constitutional recognition of freedom of conscienceand the right of association in Ukraine. The author also dwells on the issue ofestablishing legal grounds for the restriction of freedom of religion, and the analysisof Ukrainian citizens' complications when exercising the right of alternative servicefor religious or other reasons.As an outcome of the research, the author defines and analyzes the mainapproaches to the improvement of the constitutional legislation of Ukraine in terms ofregulation of freedom of conscience and activity of religious associations inaccordance with European legal standards. ; Проанализировано конституционное законодательство Украины, регулирующее правовой статус религиозных объединений, сформулированы предложения по его совершенствованию в соответствии с международно-правовыми стандартами ; Досліджено конституційне законодавство України, що регулює правовий статус релігійних об'єднань, сформульовано пропозиції щодо його вдосконалення відповідно до міжнародно-правових стандартів

The paper explores the constitutional legislation of Ukraine regarding the legalstatus of religious associations, formulating proposals for its improvement inaccordance with international legal standards.The legal status of religious associations and their correlation within and withthe state are bound to the recognition and implementation of freedom of conscience.While consolidating the principle of freedom of conscience constitutions of moderndemocracies do not define the scope of this principle's legal regulation. Thus creatingartificial complications when defining the substance of the legal status of religiousassociations, built on the foundation that is freedom of religion. Therefore, thedesignation of ways and approaches to the constitutional regulation of freedom ofconscience and association are both theoretically and practically important researchdirections in the theory of law.The article focuses on the analysis of methodological development principlesof national constitutional law on religious associations. The author reveals theconstitutional model of church-state relations in Ukraine, which is a prerequisite tothe analysis of the current state of constitutional recognition of freedom of conscienceand the right of association in Ukraine. The author also dwells on the issue ofestablishing legal grounds for the restriction of freedom of religion, and the analysisof Ukrainian citizens' complications when exercising the right of alternative servicefor religious or other reasons.As an outcome of the research, the author defines and analyzes the mainapproaches to the improvement of the constitutional legislation of Ukraine in terms ofregulation of freedom of conscience and activity of religious associations inaccordance with European legal standards. ; Проанализировано конституционное законодательство Украины, регулирующее правовой статус религиозных объединений, сформулированы предложения по его совершенствованию в соответствии с международно-правовыми стандартами ; Досліджено конституційне законодавство України, що регулює правовий статус релігійних об'єднань, сформульовано пропозиції щодо його вдосконалення відповідно до міжнародно-правових стандартів

Осауленко С. В. ПОЛІТИЧНІ ПАРТІЇ ТА СВОБОДА ОБ'ЄДНАННЯ: ПРОБЛЕМИ ТЕРМІНОЛОГІЇУКРАЇНСЬКОЇ НАУКИ КОНСТИТУЦІЙНОГО ПРАВАЗміст конституційного права на свободу об'єднання в політичні партії в Україні є одним з елементів цьогосуб'єктивного права. Традиційно структура будь-якого суб'єктивного права аналізується за складом суб'єктівцього права, його об'єкта (об'єктів), а також змісту. При цьому конституційні суб'єктивні права не є винятком.Автор підкреслює, що такий підхід цілком виправданий і його слід дотримуватися.Досліджуючи зміст конституційного права на свободу об'єднання в політичні партії в Україні, постає питан-ня щодо розмежування понять «об'єднання» та «асоціація». Актуальність теми дослідження полягає в тому, щонаразі в Україні тривають євроінтеграційні процеси, які передбачають гармонізацію національного законодав-ства зі стандартами прав людини, прийнятими в ЄС. Саме в межах цих процесів автор аналізує та обґрунтовуєнеобхідність переходу до ширшого застосування поняття «асоціація» в національному законодавстві та україн-ській юридичній літературі.Дотепер фахівці з конституційного права не аналізували питання розмежування понять «асоціація» та «об'єд-нання» в контексті дослідження права на свободу об'єднання в політичні партії в Україні. З огляду на це, під часнаписання статті використано праці, присвячені загальним питанням теорії держави і права (зокрема, розробціпрофесорів Крестовської, Матвєєвої), а також загальним питанням конституційного права з точки зору суб'єктив-них прав (зокрема, розробки професорів Шаповала, Мішиної).Автор аргументує, що необхідно розрізняти поняття «асоціація» та «об'єднання» стосовно конституційногоправа на свободу об'єднань у політичні партії щодо України.Автор рекомендує відмовитися від використання поняття «об'єднання громадян» на користь поняття «асо-ціація» у ст. 36–37 Конституції України та привести у відповідність до Конституції України інші закони та під-законні акти, зокрема Закон «Про політичні партії в Україні», де у ст. 2 «Поняття політичної партії» надаєтьсятаке визначення. Перспективами подальших досліджень є використання того ж тезаурусу, який використовуютьіноземні науковці, які працюють у країнах ЄС, вивчаючи право на свободу об'єднання в політичні партії. ; The content of the constitutional right to freedom of association in political parties in Ukraine is one of the elementsof this subjective right. Traditionally, the structure of any subjective right is analyzed in the composition of the subjectsof this right, its object (objects), as well as the content, and constitutional subjective rights are not an exception to thisrule. It should be emphasized that this approach is fully justified and should be followed. In studying the content of theconstitutional right to freedom of association in political parties in Ukraine, the question of distinguishing between theconcepts of "union" and "association" arises.The relevance of the research topic is that European integration processes are currently underway in Ukraine,which provide for the harmonization of national legislation with human rights standards adopted in the EU. It is withinthese processes that the author analyzes and substantiates the need to move to a wider application of the concept of"association" in national legislation and Ukrainian legal literature.So far, experts in constitutional law have not analyzed the issue of distinguishing between the concepts of "union"and "association" in the context of the study of the right to freedom of association in political parties in Ukraine. Inthis regard, in writing the article used works devoted mainly to general issues of the theory of state and law (primarilythe development of professors Krestovskaya, Matveeva), as well as general issues of constitutional law in terms ofsubjective rights (primarily developed by professors Shapoval, Mishyna). We should also take into the account thedissertation for the degree of Candidate of Law, devoted to the constitutional right to unite in political parties, that wassubmitted by A.M. Moiseev on the materials of foreign law and case law.The author argues that the need to distinguish between the concepts of "union" and "association" in relation to theconstitutional right to freedom of association in political parties in Ukraine.The author recommends to abandon the use of the concept of "association of citizens" in favor of the concept of"association" in Art. 36-37 of the Constitution of Ukraine and bring other laws and bylaws in line with the Constitutionof Ukraine, first of all – the Law "On Political Parties in Ukraine", where in Art. 2 "The concept of a political party"gives this definition. Prospects for further research are to use the same thesaurus used by foreign scholars working inEU countries when studying the right to freedom of association in political parties in Ukraine

The article deals with the methodological aspects of the index "Freedom in the World", namely: 1. evolution of the methodological base, which partially changed over 45 years, since the Raymond Gastil index only began to be used to measure the level of freedom in the world; 2. each element of a three-tier ranking system consisting of scores (100-point scale), ratings (from 1 to 7), and status (free, partly free and not free countries/territories).The reports of "Freedom in the World" over the past few years are analysed and a comparative analysis of the global, regional and cross-temporal levels of research is developed.In the global comparison the dynamics of changes in the number of countries that are characterized by the corresponding status during the last five years of the study is shown, and the number of people in the world living in free, partly free and not free conditions is presented.A regional comparison of freedom in 6 regions, based on data presented in the study of Freedom House 2017, is conducted. The author graphically compares the regions.A cross-temporal comparison of Ukraine between 1992 and 2017 is developed, and the dynamics of growth and decline of the level of freedom in different years of Ukraine's independence is presented.The analysis of the "Freedom in the World" index by international scientific community is demonstrated, criticisms on the methodology of index, the selection of national experts for comparing reports in individual countries/territories, the choice of indicators and the process of evaluation as a whole are presented. It is also noted that the index despite the number of shortcomings is most adapted to modern realities. The methodology of index is used as a basis for building of new indexes of democratization. The data from "Freedom in the World" is used in researches by scientists and civic organizations around the world, and free availability of reports and ratings makes it the most accessible not only for scholars, but also for ordinary citizens interested in democratization processes in the world. ; У статті розглянуто методологічні аспекти одного з найбільш популярних та використовуваних у світі індексів – «Freedom in the World». Проведено компаративний аналіз на глобальному, регіональному та крос-темпоральному рівнях дослідження. Проаналізовано слабкі і сильні сторони методологічної бази індексу та їх вплив на якість вимірювання рівня свободи (демократизації) в окремих країнах, регіонах й у світі в цілому.

The concept of religious freedom, the history of its development, the concept of religious freedom in acts of international organizations, as well as the legislation of Ukraine is considered. Human rights and freedoms do not depend on the socio-economic structure of the state and the level of its development. They should be provided to every person and guaranteed by the country. Constitution and national legislation. It should be noted that the relevance of the issue of international human rights standards (including religious freedom) has become much more acute for our country. No one should be subjected to coercion that diminishes his will to have or accept a religion or belief of his own choosing. Freedom to manifest religion or belief is subject only to restrictions established by law and necessary to protect public safety, order, health, and morals. The features of improvement and trends of changes in the understanding of religious freedom in different epochs and cultural and historical periods of the development of society are analyzed. For a meaningful understanding and clarification of all controversial issues related to the issues of freedom of religion, the origin and perception of it by thinkers and religious traditions of past centuries are considered. The problematic moments and promising achievements of the Ukrainian legislation in matters relating to religious freedom and the rights of believers are highlighted. Freedom of conscience and freedom of religion occupy an important place in the system of personal rights. Guaranteeing the equality of churches before the law, our state recognizes and abides by the provisions, none of them can claim a dominant role in society and the status of a state, and national interests should prevail over the interests of any religious organization. ; Рассмотрено понятие религиозной свободы, историю его развития, концепции религиозной свободы в актах международных организаций, а также законодательстве Украины; проанализированы особенности совершенствования и тенденции внесении изменений в понимании религиозной свободы в разные эпохи и культурно-исторические периоды развития общества; выделены проблемные моменты и перспективные достижения украинского законодательства в вопросах, касающихся религиозной свободы и прав верующих. ; Розглянуто поняття релігійної свободи, історію його розвитку, концепції релігійної свободи в актах міжнародних організацій, а також законодавстві України; проаналізовано особливості вдосконалення і тенденції внесення змін щодо розуміння релігійної свободи в різні епохи та культурно-історичні періоди розвитку суспільства; виокремлено проблемні моменти та перспективні здобутки українського законодавства в питаннях, що стосуються релігійної свободи і прав віруючих.

The editorial office of the Ukrainian Information Space has decided to publish the full article of the journalist of the UPA O. Hornovyi «On the freedom of press in the USSR» for the first time in Ukraine. The author of the article is a member of the main unit of propaganda during the OUN. He died in 1950 at the age of 29 in a battle with the KGB department near one of the shelters in Lviv region. This unique, virtually unknown to researchers and quite consistent with the current Ukrainian realities, text has a dramatic fate. It was published in 1946 on the front pages of the Ukrainian Main Liberation Council (UMLC) magazine «Independence». It was the only number, and it has not survived to this day. The text of the article was distributed in self-publishing on the territory of the Soviet Ukraine. In 1949 it was published a separate brochure in one of the underground UIA printing houses with the initial data «Kyiv-Lviv». The only surviving copy of this brochure in the scanned form was published on the website of the Electronic Archive of the Ukrainian Liberation Movement. However, the original of the brochure itself is rather damaged: it lacks several pages, and individual pages lack whole sections of text. Later, the article was reprinted in one of the issues of the so-called miniature brochures from the massif of subversive anti-Soviet literature, which was published on behalf of the UMLC Foreign Office in London and was illegally transported to the territory of Soviet Ukraine. A copy of this booklet was discovered by Professor Mykola Tymoshyk in the archives of the Ukrainian Publishing Union in London during a recent research internship in the United Kingdom. This document is the subject of editorial preparation for this publication. It analyzes the Soviet press in the context of the notion of press freedom in a democratic and totalitarian society. By giving a number of examples from the central and local Soviet press, the author identifies three features of Soviet journalism: a) the press in the USSR belongs ...

У стaттi прoaнaлiзoвaнo прaвoвe зaбeзпeчeння дiяльнoстi дeржaвнoгo oргaну у спрaвaх рeлiгiй, a тaкoж висвiтлeнo прoблeми прaвoвoгo рeгулювaння дeржaвнo-цeркoвних вiднoсин тa зaхисту прaв i свoбoд людини у сфeрi свoбoди сoвiстi тa вiрoспoвiдaння в Укрaїнi, нa рiзних eтaпaх її рoзвитку. Oбґрунтoвaнo oкрeмi прoпoзицiї щoдo вдoскoнaлeння чиннoгo зaкoнoдaвствa у дaнiй гaлузi. In the article theoretical background has been studied, and tendencies of public policy in the field of regulation of the state and church relations and protection of the rights and freedoms of the person at different stages of development of our state have been analysed, and practical recommendations for improvement of the organizational mechanism of interaction of the state and church in the sphere of freedom of conscience and religion in Ukraine have been offered. It has been established that: 1) public policy in this sphere de jure is based on legal principles which follow the international standards, but de facto a lot of gaps in the legislation still exist, they allow officials to interfere in the activity of the religious organizations which is carried out within the law; 2) the mechanism of providing freedom of conscience and religion which exists in Ukraine in the form of the national legal system, considerably makes the religious organizations dependent on state body for affairs of religions. For the purpose of improvement of the organizational mechanism of interaction between the state and church it is necessary to create the relevant consulting councils within executive agencies, and also in the apparatus of the President of Ukraine.

Some basic problems which are connected with the modern state of freedom realization as an inalienable attribute of democratic society are analysed. It is marked, that the freedom of any person appears as a result of his/her capacity for a reflection, making decision and determination of his/her own vital strategies in a globalized world. It is stressed that the essence of freedom is not only in realization of necessity, freedom is some active actions, overcoming of the state of passivity, inactivity, where the will of the person to gain freedom appears and various obstacles are overcome. It is underlined, that the burning question of present time is the question about the maintenance of freedom in technocratic society, where the problems of economy growth and ecological danger go out on a foreground in the conditions of crisis. It is marked, that the person is able to attain freedom, and, thus, to overcome alienation and appropriate his/her own products of vital activity only in a society, in the public process of production, when the personal and public interests of participants of joint activity gather, and the freedom of the person is determined by the degree of freedom of other people.