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The article presents a theoretical analysis of modern theories of wisdom, considers the formation and essence of the concept of wisdom in psychology. At the end of the twentieth century, the interest of psychologists in the subject of wisdom began to grow. Wisdom as a concept is integral to any society, culture and time, it reveals those qualities of personality that help a person to be realized. The concept of wisdom requires theoretical justification and empirical research. In general, there are two main concepts of wisdom: one affirms the affective qualities more or less with the cognitive, inherent in man; the other focuses precisely on cognitive and reflexive abilities, ignoring emotional life. This typification has proved itself in several planes. In the history of philosophy, the understanding of wisdom had both an affective and a cognitive character, represented by East and West. Empirical studies of implicit concepts of wisdom conducted in recent years indicate the variability of perception of wisdom. In the East, the concept of wisdom is less analytical and more psychological than in the West, which requires an understanding not only of the intellectual, but also of the sensual (emotions, intuition, etc.). Cross-cultural empirical studies confirm the general difference in the perception of wisdom in different cultures. The influence of age on the manifestations of wisdom in humans should be noted separately. Research has shown that age negatively affects the intellectual component of wisdom, but is neutral to procedural knowledge. On the one hand, with age a person acquires experience that can interpret and extract new procedural knowledge from him. On the other hand, the fact that a person has life experience does not determine a person's qualitative interpretation of what happened to him. The age factor cannot be decisive in becoming wise.

The article is devoted to the review of linguistic studies, which cover a wide range of current linguistic issues: problems of general, Slavic, Germanic, etc. linguistics on the pages of the scientific journal "Literature and Culture of Polissia". It was found that the leading place in the rubric "Linguistics" is occupied by studies of the Ukrainian language - its state status, system organization, current state of development, origin and history, structure, functioning, its dialects, language culture, language and politics, interlingual contacts, relationships with other languages, the history of its research, etc. It is investigated that the greatest attention in the issues of the publication is paid to the study of Ukrainian linguistics, especially in terms of stylistic approaches to systematicdescriptions of different language units used in different Ukrainian writers᾿ genres, that are concerning Polissia (Chernihiv region). The Scientific Collection "Literature and Culture of Polissia" regularly acquaints readers with new Ukrainian editions of linguistic issues, covers the main events of linguistic life inPolissya in particular and in Ukraine in general. The pages of the journal contain extensive reviews of various genres of linguistic topics (heading "Reviews").Thematic issues of the journal "Literature and Culture of Polissia" represent materials based on scientific conferences on current linguistic problems, provide the opportunity to publish the reports ( heading "Chronicle"). For three decades, the journal "Literature and Culture of Polissia" as a professionalpublication provides an opportunity to test the results of dissertation research for the degree of doctor and candidate of philological sciences. ; Статтю присвячено оглядові лінгвістичних студій, які висвітлюють широкий спектр актуальних мовознавчих питань: проблеми загального,слов'янського, германського мовознавства на сторінках збірника "Література та культура Полісся". З'ясовано, що провідне місце в рубриці "Мовознавство" посідають студії про українську мову – її державний статус, системну організацію, сучасний стан розвитку, походження та історію, структуру, функціонування, її діалекти, мовну культуру, мову і політику, міжмовні контакти, взаємозв'язки з іншими мовами, історію її досліджень та ін.Виявлено, що найбільшу увагу у випусках видання приділено розвідкам з українського мовознавства, особливо в аспекті лінгвостилістичних підходів до системних описів різнорівневих мовних одиниць, використовуваних у різночасових і різножанрових творах українських письменників, найчастіше тих, чия життєва або творча біографія пов'язана з Поліссям, із Чернігівщиною. Збірник "Література та культура Полісся" регулярно знайомить читачів із новими українськими виданнями мовознавчої проблематики, висвітлює основні події мовознавчого життя на Поліссі зокрема і в Україні загалом. На сторінках часопису вміщені розлогі рецензії на різножанрові праці лінгвістичної тематики (рубрика "Рецензії"). Тематичні випуски збірника "Література та культура Полісся" репрезентують матеріали наукових конференцій з актуальних лінгвістичних проблем, забезпечують можливість опублікування виголошених доповідей (рубрика "Хроніка"). Упродовж трьох десятиліть часопис "Література та культура Полісся" як фахове видання забезпечує можливість апробації результатів дисертаційних досліджень на здобуття наукових ступенів доктора ікандидата філологічних наук.

Introduction. Serhiy Yefremov's preocupation with the state of the new Ukrainian literature, its development conditions and peculiarities of its history is studied in the article as a sort of "syndrom", which has predefined both the field of Serhiy Yefremov's scholarly work and the character of his research and critical work. Colonial state of the nation leads to an unquestionable conclusion that language and literature as the nation's only heritage and treasure become the ultimate measurement standard for everything. From this standpoint a matter of special interest is the destinies and work of writers that were tempted to leave their "native soil" and dedicated themselves to the literature of the metropoly. Purpose is to study the Syndrom of Colonial State in the works of Serhij Jefremov. Methods. The analytical and biographical methods are more or less realized in the article. Results. Specifically, in this regard Yefremov focuses on the figures of Volodymyr Korolenko and Mykola Gogol. In his works Yefremov approached the issue of the historical fate of Ukrainian literature and its situation in the Russian empire not only as a scholar, but also as a political publicist. This ladds to the unique author's style. Originality. In the article "Outlaw" Yefremov analyzes the status of the Ukrainian writer "been not only illegal but even outside the provisional rules on the press", fixes on the obvious, self-evident and more problematic, deep reasons of this position. Furthermore, Yefremov opens the law of the unitary ideology. The researcher put the question bluntly: who needs, who benefits by literature of the multimillion nation was in such poor and such profoundly abnormal situation. It's accented that the status of the Russian writer is much better. The whole point is in the imperial hierarchy and imperial psychology, deep-seated until the subconscious and then carefully cherished. Hopeless and unfavorable historical circumstances shaped the character of the Ukrainian literature. Moreover, they also formed the character and style of its famous researcher. "The history of the Ukrainian literature" as the fundamental work, a matter of his life and a main theme has been saturated with the exhausting struggle for the existence of this literature. Natives of Ukraine which became Russian writers are one on the most painful for Yefremov problems. He is interested with the historical backgrounds and personal-psychological peripeteias of this phenomenon, consequences and lessons. Conclusion. Seeking to understand the nature of this "catastrophe", this "psychological riddle" Yefremov looks for origins and causes and provides a retrospective assessment of the specific competition of 1860-1870th years between "Ukrainophilism" on the one side and the influence of "neighboring Great public life" on the other. Inferences of Yefremov may be unexpectedly interesting and useful for us nowadays.

The article, based on a study of the formation and development of Ukrainian studies in the crisis of classical science, analyzes the transformation of modern European science from Descartes to the present, the contradictions of high ideals of the Enlightenment about man, people, and human-based foundations of postclassical Ukrainian studies. The study describes Ukrainian studies in the context of fundamental changes in modern European science and the separation of the humanities from the natural science discussions of unity - the separation and search for the unity of the humanities and natural sciences. The role of Ukrainian studies in the formation of the Ukrainian literary language, spelling, literature, the establishment of scientific research in the processes of cultural and historical revival, social, national-revolutionary movements are revealed. The general theoretical scientific basis of Ukrainian studies is analyzed, noting specific features in classical and non-classical science. In the context of the research, the peculiarity of Ukrainian studies as a holistic, multiple, human-dimensional science is revealed, in the structure of which parts express the nature of the whole and give it specific properties. Apart from the integral structure, the parts acquire other object features. The article emphasizes that rethinking the role of Ukrainian studies in science, education, in all spheres of life is a powerful basis for the consolidation of the Ukrainian nation. There are well-founded arguments that the renewed Ukrainian studies, having passed a difficult path of formation, rise and prohibitions, oblivion, revival becomes the foundation for new post-classical science.

The review of the latest foreign literature on the issue of sex differences in ADHD carriers is presented. The analysis of theories on the causes of the prevalence of the disorder among boys and girls is presented, and minor sex differences are highlighted. Therefore, ADHD is more common among boys than among girls, which leads to arguments about the difference valid in the prevalence of the disorder among men and women. Also, many researchers have noticed certain differences in the symptoms and behaviour of girls compared to boys, both in childhood and adulthood.
Boys and girls with ADHD appear to be more similar than different, and usually the symptoms are not sex specific, but still there is a difference. In general, these differences are manifested in the fact that girls have problems with the emotional sphere and the predominant inattentive symptoms of ADHD, while boys have problems with the behavioural sphere and the predominant impulsive and hyperactive type of ADHD. Moreover, boys are more aggressive in behaviour than girls, although girls are more likely to manifest verbal aggression than their female peers, who do not have the disorder.
It has been found that the difference in the prevalence of the disorder among males and females can be described by the Cognitive Endophenotype Theory, which assumes the influence of generally accepted endophenotypes on the severity of ADHD, that means processing speed, inhibition and working memory. This theory does not preclude theories such as the Mean Difference Model and the Variance Difference Model, which state that men on the average have more severe symptoms than women, and thus the scale of the severity of the ADHD among boys is much wider than among women.

Review of the monograph T. Vlasova, I. Grabovska, Y. Galytska "The actual gender: the international and Ukrainian context". Kyiv: Millenium, 2018. - 132 p.

The problem of transformation of feminist ideologies, peculiarities of formation of gender discourse in postmodern culture, development of gender practices, peripheries of formation of gender system of Ukrainian society are the most urgent, but not all issues which are professionally, convincingly and interestingly considered by the authors of the monograph. Everyone who reads the text will be forced to conclude that the new principles of gender socialization formed in Western culture, which provoked a change in the gender order of postmodern societies, are now actively penetrating into our culture and establishing it, changing the traditional gender structure of Ukrainian society.

This article deals the problem of the early Ukrainian modern as very important epoch of Ukrainian and world literature. The solution to this problem is conducted in comparable contexts of European fin de siѐcle. The main idea this work is writers' roles and functions in literary process. In comparative contexts the literary canon as aesthetic phenomenon of a culture are analyzed. The historical, political, social, philosophical, psychological features or the epoch are observed. The separately problem this article is writers' and critic's gender positions. The literary phenomena are analyzed in ontological fields of epoch. It is important to identify areas in which it is appropriate to compare the Ukrainian modern tradition with the world. In the context of comparative studies, a method of scientific research of literary phenomena, processes, figures and works is proposed. In the article the focuses the scientific problem's of the epoch end XIX – beginning XX centyry in Ukrainian literature. The resourses of frontal approach for study difficult material such as movement cultural epoch with its main factors are analised. The main factors is: time borders of period, struggle / cooperation of literary generations, art directions and stules, all diverse creative individual and original individual style in its sense and influence by each writer. Must to analyse the social and cultural, political, religious, scientific, private and everyday constituent of the epoch. The main object of the research (in its historical and philological, philosophical, culture directions) must be creative by writers its need for to ceep integrity of the research. The educational and methodological perspective is pervasive in the article. The focus is on the possibilities of classroom work with students in such difficult to analyze dimensions as interethnic interactions of literary epochs, literary generations, stylistic trends, etc.

The literature review on the development of physical education in European Union had been conducted in the article. The author used four directions to review the literature. In order to develop Direction 1 (theoretical background to research in physical education concepts in the EU countries), a number of sources in the field of comparative pedagogical researches have been analyzed. In order to develop Direction 2 (roots and developments of physical education in the EU countries), mostly have been used historial pedagogical and philosophical researches. In order to develop Direction 3 (practical applications of the physical educa-tion concepts in the EU countries), a number of modern sources and applied researches findings have been considered. In order to develop Direction 4 (current situation in the physical training education in the EU countries), the author has analyzed a range of researches (normative documents of the European Commission, OECD analytical materials etc.).

The literature review on the development of physical education in European Union had been conducted in the article. The author used four directions to review the literature. In order to develop Direction 1 (theoretical background to research in physical education concepts in the EU countries), a number of sources in the field of comparative pedagogical researches have been analyzed. In order to develop Direction 2 (roots and developments of physical education in the EU countries), mostly have been used historial pedagogical and philosophical researches. In order to develop Direction 3 (practical applications of the physical educa-tion concepts in the EU countries), a number of modern sources and applied researches findings have been considered. In order to develop Direction 4 (current situation in the physical training education in the EU countries), the author has analyzed a range of researches (normative documents of the European Commission, OECD analytical materials etc.).

Introduction to Museum and Monument Studies book edited by Professor Olena Honcharova, DSc in Cultural Studies, and Associate Professor Serhii Pustovalov, DSc in History, is devoted to topical issues of museum and monument protection, museum studies history and theory, museum staff archaeology training, legislative support for the museum industry, examination of historical and cultural values; presents the views of leading Ukrainian and world scientists and experts on solving current problems in this area. The book is addressed to students, graduate students of field-oriented higher education institutions, museum and heritage conservation staff. For the first time, the textbook comprehensively provides the basics of both programme subject area components: museum studies and monument studies.

The article examines the concept of memory studies, which is a separate discipline that studies and analyzes memory issues. The phenomenon of memory is an important part of life, although not presented as a necessary condition of mental activity. Memory, the author notes, is a way for people to construct their past through books, movies, documents, ceremonies, and so on. In memory studies, memory arises in various aspects – collective, social, cultural, genetic, and historical. The reason for claiming a worldwide "memory age" is criticism of official versions of history, the return of memory to communities and peoples whose history has been ignored, the activation of various memorial events, and more. It is shown that a social and cultural construct collective memory retains the authentic past as its version and serves as a means to achieve certain goals. Collective memory is in constant change, which is nonlinear, irrational, and not always subject to logical analysis. New events and ideas affect the perception of the past, and patterns of interpretation of the past determine the understanding of the present. The relation between collective and individual memory appears as the relation between memory and history. The primary function of historical memory is to form an identity. The development of memory studies distinguishes the political, functional, cumulative memory that use the past to shape national identity. The context of historical memory includes the concepts of "oblivion", "custom" and "tradition" that help to identify the turning points of history as they are indicators of the emergence of a new society. Historical memory is a tool for using the past to achieve goals dictated by the current situation. Mobilizing memory and collective perceptions of the past has been an integral part of the political process in recent centuries. ; У статті досліджується поняття memory studies в якості окремої дисципліни, в якій вивчається й аналізується проблематика пам'яті. Феномен пам'яті складає важливу частину життя людини, хоча і не є необхідною умовою розумової діяльності. Пам'ять, зазначає автор, це спосіб конструювання людьми свого минулого через книги, фільми, документи, церемонії тощо. В memory studies пам'ять вивчається в різних аспектах – колективна, соціальна, культурна, генетична, історична пам'ять. Ствердження всесвітньої «епохи пам'яті» обумовлено критикою офіційних версій історії, поверненням пам'яті спільнотам і народам, чиє минуле ігнорувалося, активізацією різних меморіальних заходів. Показано, що в якості соціально-культурного конструкту колективна пам'ять зберігає аутентичне минуле в якості його версії і слугує засобом досягнення певних цілей. Колективна пам'ять перебуває в постійних змінах, які нелінійні, ірраціональні і не завжди підлягають логічному аналізу. Нові події та ідеї впливають на сприйняття минулого, а схеми інтерпретації минулого визначають розуміння теперішнього. Співвідношення колективної та індивідуальної пам'яті постає як співвідношення пам'яті та історії. Основна функція історичної пам'яті полягає у формуванні ідентичності. Розвиток memory studies виокремлює політичну, функціональну, накопичувальну пам'ять, які використовують минуле для формування національної ідентичності. В контекст історичної пам'яті включені поняття «забуття», «звичаю» і «традиції». Вони допомагають виявити переломні моменти історії, котрі є індикаторами становлення нового суспільства. Історична пам'ять є інструментом використання минулого для досягнення цілей, що диктуються сучасною ситуацією. Мобілізація пам'яті і колективних уявлень про минуле є невід'ємною частиною політичного процесу впродовж останніх століть.