O artigo trata da presente crise do capitalismo internacional, interessando-se pelo nexo entre seus aspectos propriamente econômicos e as questões políticas e institucionais que ela suscita. São discutidos alguns elementos de caráter cognitivo e metodológico importantes para uma agenda de pesquisa da crise, e em seguida é apresentado um panorama do processo de globalização neoliberal que caracterizou o mundo nas ultimas décadas e que está no centro da crise contemporânea. O artigo conclui com uma breve prospecção das mudanças que poderão advir da crise, sobretudo no que diz respeito à revalorização da política e ao fortalecimento do papel do estado. ; The article deals with the current crisis of world capitalism, relating its specifically economic aspects to political and institutional questions raised by the financial crash. It discusses some cognitive and methodological issues which are relevant for a research agenda of the process, followed by an overview of the development of neoliberal globalization. This model, which characterized the world during the last few decades, is in the heart of the contemporary economic problems. The article concludes with a brief prospect of the changes that may be stemming from the crisis, especially those related to the strengthening of politics and the state's role.
In order to deal with the institutionalization process of initial and continuing education politics of Basic and Higher Education teachers, starting from the management and curricular politics in the degree programs, the article sociologically problematizes the conflicts and curricular episodes of the historical and contextual trajectory that configures the period of 1996 to 2018 in Brazil, through the analysis of reference educational documents that materialize curriculum expressions. In the sequence, it debates propositions, tensions and resistances perceived in the constitution process of the state politic of teacher formation in Paraná, taking as a curricular-historical clipping Resolution CNE / CP nº 02/2015, make interface by the collective alternatives of pedagogical management presented by Progrades ( Permanent Forum of IEES / PR Graduation Pro-rectors). As one of the results of the postdoctoral probation, this qualitative research, both bibliographical and documentary, starts from the reflections of curriculum as a contest field, based on the Pierre Bourdieu contributions. ; Para hacer referencia al proceso de institucionalización de la política de formación inicial y continuada de profesores de la Educación Básica y Superior, a partir de la gestión y de las políticas curriculares en las carreras de profesorado, el artículo problematiza sociológicamente las tensiones y los marcos curriculares de la trayectoria histórico-contextual que configura el período de 1996 a 2018 en Brasil, permeando por el análisis de documentos educacionales de referencia que materializan expresiones de currículo. A continuación, debate proposiciones, tensiones y resistencias percibidas en el proceso de constitución de la política estadual/provincial de formación docente en Paraná, tomando como recorte histórico-curricular la "Resolução CNE/CP nº 02/2015", interfacetada por las alternativas colectivas de gestión pedagógica presentadas por el Progrades (Fórum Permanente dos Pró-reitores de Graduação das IEES/PR). Como uno de los resultados de las prácticas post-doctorales, esta investigación cualitativa, de carácter bibliográfico y documental, parte de las reflexiones de currículo como campo de disputa, basándose en las contribuciones de Pierre Bourdieu. ; Para tratar do processo de institucionalização da política de formação inicial e continuada de professores da Educação Básica e Superior, a partir da gestão e das políticas curriculares nas licenciaturas, o artigo problematiza sociologicamente as tensões e os marcos curriculares da trajetória histórico- contextual que configura o período de 1996 a 2018 no Brasil, perpassando pela análise de documentos educacionais referenciais que materializam expressões de currículo. Na sequência, debate proposições, tensões e resistências percebidas no processo de constituição da política estadual de formação docente no Paraná, tomando como recorte histórico-curricular a Resolução CNE/CP nº 02/2015, interfacetada pelas alternativas coletivas de gestão pedagógica apresentadas pelo Progrades (Fórum Permanente dos Pró-reitores de Graduação das IEES/PR). Como um dos resultados do estágio pós-doutoral, esta pesquisa qualitativa, de cunho bibliográfico e documental, parte das reflexões de currículo como campo de disputa, embasando-se nas contribuições de Pierre Bourdieu.
This article analyses the refugee policy of Brazil from the 1990's until today. It considers the international context marked by the new themes of the global agenda (such as human rights, forced migration & the re-democratization process in the domestic scenery) & links the refugee issue to human rights. Adapted from the source document.
This article adopts the Autonomy of Migration approach to analyze the singularization of migrants and refugees from creating work activities based on the perspective of immaterial labor. The cartographic method was used to collect data from interviews and participant observation in Porto Alegre (Brazil), exploring events-activities, key informants, and economic migrants and refugees from the global south who work with music, dance, food, fashion, language, and political-cultural representation. The findings show that the mobilization of migrants and refugees in a cooperation network stresses the vernacular references and the migration/refuge situation, making them entrepreneurs of themselves. A mode of singularization is perceived regarding a labor market for migrants and refugees linked to affection and politics, which allows, through immaterial labor, the (re)invention of the self in the destination country. ; Com base na abordagem da Autonomia das Migrações, este artigo objetiva analisar modos de singularização de migrantes e refugiados a partir da criação de atividades laborais na perspectiva do trabalho imaterial. O método da cartografia permitiu a produção de dados por entrevistas e observaçõesparticipante em Porto Alegre (Brasil), fundamentados em eventos-atividades, informantes-chave e migrantes econômicos e refugiados do sul global que trabalham com música, dança, alimentação, moda, idioma e representação político-cultural. Conclui-se que a mobilização dos migrantes e refugiados em rede de cooperação destaca as referências vernáculas e a situação de migração/refúgio, tornando-os empreendedores de si. Percebe-se um modo de singularização referente a um mercado de trabalho para migrantes e refugiados vinculado ao afeto e à política, que permite, pelo trabalho imaterial, a (re) invenção de si no país de destino.
This paper discusses the current challenges of the multilateral trade system, which are reflected in the WTO Doha Round deadlock. The main patterns of trade have changed due to the rise of global value chains and the globalization of the world economy, characterized by an increasing dispersion and fragmentation of industrial production. The article discusses the way these changes are challenging traditional assumptions of the multilateral trade system and the WTO Doha Round negotiations. Taking Brazil as an example, the paper argues that the mismatch between the negotiating agenda and the new world trade realities dwells in the very WTO member countries, which, at a great extent, have not yet aligned its trade policies to the new dynamics of the international trade. Finally, we argue that during the last ten years Brazil's trade policy has not properly considered the important changes in the international trade patterns brought about by global value chains and economic globalization. Adapted from the source document.
"The Yoruba in Brazil, Brazilians in Yorubaland focuses on multivalent manifestations of the Yoruba Atlantic. Unique in its examination of an African ethnic group that was implicated in the transatlantic slave trade and that subsequently made the diaspora home (or through other forms of migration returned to the continental "homeland"), this volume argues that despite traumatic encounter with modernity and resilience, the Yoruba Atlantic may be under erasure due to the exigencies of globalization. What we call Yoruba Atlantic today is indeed a hybridized identity. Through colonialism and slavery, historical realities are appropriately anchored in the quest for a Yoruba diaspora, and yet are compounded by the new, shifting migration patterns out of the Yorubaland in the search for greener pastures in a globalized world. The contributors assert the vitality and unity of this group while complicating those same essences through multiple crossroads of shifting historical, cultural, political, and spiritual agencies. This book is part of the African World Series, edited by Toyin Falola, Jacob and Frances Sanger Mossiker Chair in the Humanities, University of Texas at Austin"--The publisher
Demographic paradigms are constantly in change with time. Together with the increasing lifespan that is breaking limits thought never attainable, fertility rates are declining across entire Europe. These two factors are contributing jointly to a generalized aging in populations for the most industrialized countries. Portugal is not an exception, and if in some cases fertility recuperation is starting to be observed, it seems that this recuperation is not close to happen to the Portuguese population. However, even that this fertility recuperation starts shortly, the "benefits" will not be identifiable in a short term. Additionally, the fact that Southern Europe is in economic crisis, and that Portugal was the second country from the south, after Greece, in economic collapse, resulted in a strong impact at the family context. With such low fertility and deep economic crisis, the thematic of migration adds a major concern about the population future in the country. Migration in Portugal is predicted to increase rapidly in the next years, possibly returning the country to the same patterns registered in the 1960's when Portugal was a country of massive out-migration. This reality results in very deep problems to entire populations and let politicians and demographers interested in answering questions like: Will be the country economically sustainable in the future? Is Portugal going to decline total population?, or, How these changes will influence the households structures in the future? Population projections significance is recognized all around the world, being used by different governments with the intention to suppress the necessity of having more information about the diverse demographic issues, and Portugal is not an exception. Trying to answer to the advanced questions, we intend to elaborate a cohort component projection, for a medium term period (next 20 years), that will allow us to identify the Portuguese population structure in the future and, at the same time, evaluate the possible changes that the country will have to face. Here, we assume that: mortality improvement will 1 not be interrupted, estimating future patterns applying the Lee-Carter methodology to forecast future mortality and life expectancy; fertility decline and postponement will increase; and finally migration will be characterized by a massive out-migration. Another purpose of this study, is also to break down these projections, using the headship rate method proposed by the United Nations in 1973 and the model improvements proposed by Ediev in 2007, to estimate the future composition of households in Portugal, by age, sex and civil status. In this way, it is also our aim to provide with our results a possible and important basis of decision for policy makers in what concerns not only to the population structure itself, that is growing older, but also in order to identify (and how to provide) health care demands. The authors made use of to the Human Mortality Database (www.mortality.org), Human Fertility Database (www.humanfertility.org) and the Statistics Portugal (www.ine.pt) as data sources.
The aim of this article is to examine Brazil and the United States bilateral relations from 2003/2010 and their strategic patterns during the Presidency of Luis Inacio Lula da Silva. The goal is to understand the development of this dialogue in the 21st century and its previous background in the Post Cold War world, identifying its evolution and change due to Brazil's growing regional and global role and US relative position. Adapted from the source document.
Este contributo analisa e discute o caso da migração de crianças e adolescentes "não acompanhados" entre Marrocos e Europa, aprofundado e utilizado como caso de estudo no projeto "Antropologia de interfaces" (FCT/CAPES). O trabalho prende-se em particular à análise das formas de atribuir sentido ao mundo e à mobilidade, na tentativa de explorar a construção da vivência dos jovens migrantes na relação entre mundo global e mundos (g)locais de experiência e significado. A perspetiva teórica que inspira esta análise situa-se na interseção entre antropologia, psicologia e estudos migratórios e fundamenta-se no conceito de subjetividade, entendida como forma de orientação ao mundo e incorporação de normas, estruturas de valor e de significado, histórica e politicamente definidas, que influenciam o imaginário e a representação, definindo as maneiras especificas de pensar, agir, falar, sofrer e dar sentido à existência. O estudo salienta como a construção subjetiva dos jovens pós-coloniais e das suas famílias é orientada por um "desejo de modernidade e participação" de matriz global que choca-se com os processos normativos impostos pela nova disciplina das fronteiras europeia, manifesta nos procedimentos burocráticos e administrativos do chamado "acolhimento". A combinação dessas duas dinâmicas concorre para produzir a experiência de marginalidade e o risco consequente, também em termos de "disponibilidade para ser sancionados". Nas conclusões enfrenta-se o paradoxo de um processo em que os jovens migrantes são reenviado ao lugar marginal prescrito e que a infração da fronteira tinha tentado transformar. ; This contribution analyzes and discusses the case of the migration of "unaccompanied" children and adolescents between Morocco and Europe. This analysis was originally presented as a contribution to the Project "Anthropology of Interfaces" (FCT/CAPES). The article examines the ways in which young migrants give meaning to the world and to the experience of mobility, in an attempt to explore the construction of the youth's experience between contemporary global and (g)local worlds of experience and meaning. The theoretical perspective inspiring the study lies at the intersection of anthropology, psychology and migration studies and is based on the concept of subjectivity, understood as a form of orientation to the world and embodiment of historically and politically defined norms, values and meaning. This orientation influences the imagination and defines specific forms of thinking, acting, speaking, suffering and giving meaning to existence. The article shows that the subjective construction of postcolonial youth and their families is moulded upon a globally-fashioned "desire for modernity and participation", which clashes with the normative process imposed by the new "discipline of the borders" in Europe, manifested through the bureaucratic and administrative procedures of the so-called "reception". The combination of these two dynamics concurs in producing the experience of marginality and the following risk also in terms of "disposition to be sanctioned". Conclusions delve into the paradox of a process in which young migrants are pushed back to the prescribed marginal place in the world which the infringement of the border had tried to subvert.
Nas últimas décadas assistimos a um avanço dos estudos feministas, que têm trazido importantes contributos para garantir a integração e igualdade de género nas várias áreas, revelando ser uma corrente inovadora por completar e dinamizar a análise, estudo e compreensão da questão de género em especial relativamente à paz e aos conflitos. Até há pouco tempo, os assuntos relacionados com as Mulheres e a Paz não eram temas prioritários e nem eram motivos de discussão da política internacional permitindo que durante anos fossem cometidas atrocidades contra as mulheres, sem que a Comunidade Internacional desse por isso. Atualmente, as mulheres começaram a assumir um papel mais influente nos processos de reconstrução da paz. Esta evolução tem vindo a ser acompanhada por várias iniciativas e contributos a nível internacional, mediante a elaboração de importantes documentos e promoção de fóruns de debate e sensibilização da sociedade global, como é o caso da Resolução 1325 publicada pelo Conselho de Segurança das Nações Unidas, em 2000. Todos estes processos têm vindo a revelar a importância da promoção da igualdade de género em todas as fases dos processos de (re)construção da paz e da promoção da segurança, incluindo em países como a Guiné-Bissau; ABSTRACT: "The role of women in the peacekeeping processes. The case of Guinea-Bissau" In the last few decades we have witnessed a breakthrough of feminist studies, which have brought relevant contributions to ensure integration (of women to the politics discussion) and gender equality in various areas, what revealed to be an innovative and dynamic chain to improve the analysis, study and comprehension of the gender matters particularly peace vs. conflict subjects (issues). Until this and for many years, issues related to Women and Peace were not a priority and weren't grounds for discussion of international politics which allowed that all the atrocities committed against women remain covered to the eyes and judgement of the International community. From the last few years to now on we can observe how women start to play a more influential and active role in what concern to the development of peacemaking (and peacekeeping) processes. Such evolution has been motivated by different worldwide initiatives and contributions, followed by the development of important documents, promotion of discussions and the awareness of global society forums, such as the 1325 resolution, published by the Security Council of the United Nations in 2000. All these actions (processes) revealed the importance of promoting gender equality in all phases of the (re)construction of peace and the improvement of women rights and safety, including in countries such as Guinea-Bissau.
The widespread of the COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant impacts on human relations, generating ample repercussions characterized by certain patterns of national and international relations. Taking this theme as a reference this paper is aimed to analyze the patterns of socio-political interaction in relation to the securitization of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada and Brazil through a constructivist approach. The methodological basis of this research is characterized by an exploratory and descriptive nature according to its ends and as well as quali-quantitative to its means which is instrumentalized by the use of a comparative method and a discursive historical-theoretical-deductive logic. The results of the research indicate that the dynamics of national and international relations have become permeated during the pandemic by Lockean (competitive), Hobbesian (conflictive) and Kantian (consensual) the patterns of interaction due to an asymmetrical field of power that turns out to be more complex. It is concluded based on the results presented in the text that the interactional dynamics reported by Canada and Brazil demonstrate the convergence towards a negative apprehension of the COVID-19 pandemic in the social structure despite the different historical trajectories constructed on a Kantian pattern of relative consensus related to the decision-making processes in Canada in comparison to the Hobbesian pattern of intranational and international conflicts materialized in Brazil.
In interview given to Igor Lemos Moreira, the American historian Elizabeth Schwall reflects on the role of Cuban dance in the island's revolutionary context. Specialist in the interface between arts and politics in the Americas, Schwall discusses theoretical-methodological aspects of studying the performing arts in historiography, the different processes that involved the institutionalization of dance by the Cuban revolutionary government and the interconnected histories between exiles and artists who support the revolution. Throughout the interview, carried out remotely, it is clear that, in addition to being a fruitful field for art historiography, the study of Cuban dance in the 20th century makes it possible to reflect on the global and intertwined connections between politics, society, art and individuals. ; Em entrevista concedida a Igor Lemos Moreira, a historiadora estadunidense Elizabeth Schwall reflete sobre o papel da dança cubana no contexto revolucionário da ilha. Especialista na interface entre artes e política nas Américas, Schwall discorre sobre aspectos teórico-metodológicos de estudas as artes performances na historiografia, os diferentes processos que envolveram a institucionalização de dança pelo governo revolucionário cubano e as histórias interconectadas entre exilados e artistas que apoiadores da revolução. Ao longo da entrevista, realizada remotamente, percebe-se que além de um campo profícuo a historiografia da arte, o estudo da dança cubana no século XX possibilita refletir acerca das conexões globais e entrelaçadas entre política, sociedade, arte e indivíduos.
This text aims to analyze the political dynamics that triggered fundamental changes in the institutional trajectory of PNAE, as well as to differentiate the phases that the program has assumed in its history and the processes of change that occurred between them. In this sense, the effort expended aimed to identify the main determinants (political and economic) of the institutionalization (process of formation of normative standards) of PNAE, emphasizing its conjunctural specificities regarding the assumed intervention patterns, especially regarding financing strategies, inter-federative coordination and definition of suppliers. The systematization of the information allowed us to characterize four very remarkable phases in the development of the program since the 1950s, when the theme entered the federal agenda. The institutional changes that took place followed an incremental trajectory, associated with endogenous and exogenous factors that affected their regulatory dynamics. The theoretical support of historical institutionalism allowed a refinement of the analytical framework of the processes of change between each of the indicated phases.
Self-determination is a crucial concept in establishing the legitimacy of political communities in the international system, and thereby in constructing social identities and political loyalties. At the most general level, self-determination refers to an idea of a right to freedom. In international politics, it also refers to a norm on ways of bounding political communities. At the same time, what selfdetermination precisely means is contested and contingent. I argue that self-determination evolves today amidst a tension between the challenges of diversity and liberal peace dictates. While diversity has to do with varieties of cultural expression, socioeconomic organization and political status, liberal peace dictates concern global governance practices that tend to impose previous liberal models of democracy, development and human rights. The essay first presents the evolution of the meaning of self-determination in international politics. Then it addresses critical approaches upon contemporary liberal peace. The remaining sections analyze how contemporary self-determination movements present claims highly suggestive to rethink forms of political community, of state-community relation, and of participation in global governance structures.
