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The paper reviews the nature of current globalization and the growing divergence in competitive performance in the developing world. It considers the case for industrial policy, contrasting the neoliberal with the structuralist approach. It argues that there is a valid case for selective interventions in overcoming the market and institutional failures in building the capabilities required for industrial development. It describes the strategies adopted by the Asian Tigers to build industrial competitiveness, and concludes with lessons for other developing countries. The kinds of industrial policy needed in the current setting are different from traditional industrialisation strategies, but globalization and technical change do not eliminate the need for intervention. On the contrary, given path dependence, cumulativeness and agglomeration economies, they increase it. There is a need to reconsider the rules of the game constraining the exercise of industrial policy, and for international assistance in designing and implementing appropriate policies.

A popular claim made by criminologists argues that globalization has created a general punitive turn in Western industrialized countries and led to much harsher law and order policies. The present paper challenges this view and adds to the literature in two respects as follows: first, it presents empirical evidence that substantial differences in law and order policies remain between Western industrialized countries even when law and order policy is measured in a much more finely grained manner than previously. Second, the paper provides empirical evidence for a persisting influence of the partisan ideology of governments and the party system characteristics of a country on its law and order policies: whereas the general trend of increasing economic globalization may well set the overall tone, this impact is conditioned by national political and institutional settings – and the ideology of the government as well as the party system in particular.

Globalization, as a basic megatrend of the modem world development is a complex and multidimensional phenomenon Its multi-dimensional character consists of three main parts: political, economic and sociocultural In this paper, authors analyse the globalization concept, its dimensions as well as possible costs and benefits in the context of international expansion of enterprises and the process of global companies ' emergence. Simultaneously, the authors also study the multidimensional issues of globalisation basing on the example of McDonald's Corporation ; Globalizacja, będąc istotnym megatrendem związanym z rozwojem współczesnego świata, jest zjawiskiem złożonym i wielowymiarowym. Jej wielowymiarowy charakter można rozważać w oparciu o trzy podstawowe aspekty:polityczny, ekonomiczny i społeczno-kulturowy. W artykule, autorzy analizują pojęcie globalizacji, jej wymiary, jak również ewentualne koszty i korzyści globalizacji w kontekście ekspansji międzynarodowej przedsiębiorstw oraz procesu powstania globalnych firm. Jednocześnie autorzy analizują wielowymiarowy charakter globalizacji w oparciu o przykład firmy McDonald's.

The terrain on which states, trade unions and social movements confront multinational corporations has changed dramatically over the last two decades as a result of two phenomena – the disaggregation of the supply chain and the financialization of corporations. Trade unions and social movements have increasingly challenged the inequalities and unfairnesses which have emerged from the globalization of supply chains. However, issues of financialization, although increasingly high profile since 2008, have generally been treated separately. This article argues that the two phenomena are integrally related within the same process of neoliberal globalization. It argues that trade unions and social movements need to connect together issues to do with the relocation and restructuring of employment with issues of financialization and the need for financial reform. Change will only be effective if it occurs across both these types of processes.

With the Iast cut in world history occurring in 1989 and throughout the destruction of communist dictatorships and the Soviet World Empire, a new stage in the planetary process of globalization began, in which most countries in the world labelled themselves as democratic states, "ruled by the people". The increasing trend of 40 in 1972 up to the currently estimated 1 23 democratic countries of the 192 states registered in the United Nations may continue in the future. Speculation of various theories, such as Francis Fukuyama's The End of Hjstory and the Last Mon (1992)l , that liberal democratic nation-states were the universal standard form of human society has been disproved through the globalization process which abolished the boundaries and led liberal democracies over the state borders to a supranational world society. Transformation to global democracy threatens the fundamental principles of the former liberal nation-state democracy.

In this paper the author substantiates a thesis that the reason for the emergence of the economic and general social crisis lies in the withdrawal of European countries from the legislatively proclaimed model of a social market state and the assumption of neoliberal principles, which are the basis of economic globalization. He finds that globalization gave rise to numerous negative social phenomena resulting from the predominance of the economic interests of capital over other social values. The reestablishment of the functioning of the market–social state in Europe that would be based on human rights could significantly contribute to the elimination of the causes of the crisis. The enforcement of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (Ruggi's Guiding Principles) would mean the first step towards the change in principles and neoliberalism in the world and its negative effects.

The study explored the question of who am I? As a (re)construction of cultural identity by delving into globalization, communication, and social change in Malta during a historical moment when Malta became a European Union Member State. Three objectives guided this qualitative study. Firstly the study reviewed European Union (EU) policies that regulate broadcasting and their implementation in Member States, whilst meeting the challenges of globalization and new media technology. Secondly the research investigated the changes of the media landscape via organizational structures, programs and television (TV) content. Finally the study explored the impact of these transformations taking place in the way Maltese live as they (re)construct their cultural identity. Despite the choices available to the Maltese audience, old local traditions and new foreign customs coexist as informants continue to (re)construct their cultural identity and define who they are.

This Article analyzes how refugee lawyers in the United Kingdom navigate the tension between state power and international norms. Based on interviews with lawyers representing persons seeking asylum and other forms of refugee protection in the United Kingdom, the Article reveals how these lawyers successfully utilize international human rights treaties on behalf of their clients despite domestic policies making it more difficult for refugees to assert their rights. The Article argues that U.K. refugee lawyers play a critical role in the globalization struggle by encouraging state actors (in this case, the judiciary) to adhere to international norms that might otherwise go ignored in an anti-immigrant political climate. In so doing, these lawyers have helped to broaden the sources on which state power over immigration is based. The Article thus contributes to the literature on the devolution of state power in an era of globalization, as well as cause lawyering.

В настоящей статье автор рассматривает такие понятия как «национальная идентичность» и «политическая идентичность», раскрывая особенности влияния процессов глобализации на указанные концепты. Кроме того, в работе раскрыты особенности феномена глобализации, её места и роли в современном мире. Вместе с тем, вышеуказанное влияние также проанализировано на примере Российской Федерации, приведены выводы по данной проблеме и даны некоторые рекомендации для повышения эффективности конструирования идентичности в конкретном рассматриваемом случае. ; The author considers such notions as "national identity" and "political identity", reveals the features of globalization processes influence on these concepts, in addition reveals the features of globalization phenomenon, its place and role in the modern world, at the same time analyzes the above mentioned influence by the example of the Russian Federation, presents the conclusions on this problem, and also gives some recommendations for the improvement of identity construction effectiveness in the particular case under consideration.

This special section on Turkey, the Middle East, and the Media brings together scholars whose research focuses on and problematizes the various aspects of the phenomena commonly labeled as transnational media flows. Within the past two decades, there has been an abundant use of the term transnationalism in the study of globalization in general, and in media studies in particular. This concentrated focus has yielded a wide variety of rich and meaningful analyses in disciplines ranging from anthropology to political science, geography, and sociology. Yet, in many instances, arbitrary and superficial (and, in some cases, intellectually bankrupt) utilizations of the concept rendered it void of any critical value. In the study of the global dimensions of the media, the transborder characters and related consequences of media flows have often been regarded in a generalizing discourse of fusion and cultural hybridity, and the paradigm of globalization has often been employed in a blanket manner

Over the past three decades, the important role that anthropological theory has bestowed on the body, modernity, nationalism, the state, citizenship, transnationalism, globalization, gender, and sexuality has placed sports at the center of questions central to the discipline. New approaches to the body, based on practice theory, view the sporting body as more than just a biological entity, allowing us to observe sports as they "travel" transnationally and illuminating issues relevant to such dynamics as colonialism, globalization, sport mega-events, and labor migration. A distinctly anthropological approach, with its unique research methods, approaches to theory, and holistic thinking, can utilize insights from the constitution of sport as human action to illuminate important social issues in a way that no other discipline can. On this foundation, the anthropology of sport is now poised to make significant contributions to our understanding of central problems in anthropology.

The usual story of the 'first era of globalization' at the end of the nineteenth century sees Denmark as something of an outlier: a country which, like the UK, resisted the globalization backlash in the wake of the inflow of cheap grain from the New World, but where agriculture, rather than going into decline, in fact flourished. Key to the success of Danish agriculture was an early diversification towards dairy production. This article challenges this simple story which sees Denmark as something of a liberal paragon. Denmark's success owed much to a prudent use of trade policy which favoured dairy production. Moreover, this favouritism continued even after a more general movement to free trade in the 1860s. Using micro‐level data from individual dairies, we quantify the implied subsidy to dairy production from the tariffs, and demonstrate that in many cases this ensured the profitability of individual dairies.

Last decades of the past century, as well as the current one, may be characterized by the increase of political role of the movements that are called "the protest parties." Scholars, journalists and politicians put a lot of attention to that phenomenon. However, it is focused just on selected elements of the problem. Beginning from the 1980s European public opinion may observe the rise and development of groups of ecologists. The unexpected electoral success of the new type of party is called "the New Populism." Back in the 1990s it caused many concerns, opinions and discussions on the issue whether such parties are harmful for modern and stabilized western European democracies. At the turn of the century the political scene has been dominated by new forms of activity, which are the anti-globalization and alternative globalization movements.

Предметом настоящей статьи являются глобализация и гармонизация права на европейском пространстве, которые рассматриваются как факторы, способствующие взаимодействию таких различных органов правосудия, существующих на европейском континенте, как Европейский суд справедливости, Европейский суд по правам человека и органы правосудия европейских государств. Автор подробно исследует вопрос глобализации и гармонизации права на примере основных прав и свобод человека и влиянии данного концепта на взаимодействие органов правосудия различных правопорядков. ; Globalization and harmonization of law of the European countries are judicial bodies (European court of human rights, Court of Justice of the European Union, judicial bodies of the European states) cooperation factors. The author considers the topic of the globalization and of the harmonization of law of the European countries (especially EU member states) on the example of human rights and also studies its influence on the relations of the judicial bodies of different European systems of law.

AbstractAccording to Prasenjit Duara, the sacredness of the nation hinges on its 'regimes of authenticity' where timelessness and the politics of embodiment are key to an authentic national identity. This paper looks at three different cultural impulses that have attempted to manufacture authenticity in Singapore. They are: the Malay literary movementAngkatan Sasterawan 50prior to independence; the state-sponsored Confucian ethics discourse during the 1980s; and the romanticization of the working-class 'heartlander' through contemporary popular culture in confrontation with the politics of global capitalism and globalization. In doing so, this paper articulates the difference between the regimes of authenticity of state elites and non-state cultural producers, as well as their 'national imaginaries'. It concludes that the regime of authenticity, that operationalizes the representations of the working class as a diametric opposite to the logic and force of globalization, offers the most popular symbols of national identity in Singapore.