"Five major groups of classic `labour migrants' are established in Germany-Greeks, Italians, (ex-)Yugoslavs, Turks and Iberians, of which the largest single group are the Turks. There now are significant numbers of second-generation men and women from these origins in the German labour market. More recently they have been joined by a more diverse group of migrants from Western Europe, Eastern Europe, the (middle) East and Africa. In the first generation the labour-migrant groups had relatively low levels of education leading to marked ethnic stratification within the labour market. This ethnic stratification continues in the second generation although on a reduced scale. While the second generation has acquired higher levels of education than the first, they still lag some way (the Turks especially so) behind native Germans in their education. Ethnic penalties in the labour market itself are also much reduced in the second generation, although significant penalties remain for Turks. However most of the continuing ethnic stratification is due to processes that operate prior to entry into the labour market." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
In Deutschland gibt es fünf Hauptgruppen klassischer 'Gastarbeiter': Griechen, Italiener, (Ex-)Jugoslawen, Spanier und Türken, wobei letztere die größte Gruppe ist. Inzwischen gibt es eine beträchtliche Anzahl von Frauen und Männern der zweiten Generation auf dem deutschen Arbeitsmarkt. Hinzu kommen Einwanderer aus Westeuropa, Osteuropa, aus dem mittleren Osten und aus Afrika. Das geringe Bildungsniveau der Arbeitsmigranten der ersten Generation führte zu einer deutlichen ethnischen Schichtung auf dem Arbeitsmarkt. Diese Schichtung setzt sich in abgeschwächter Form in der zweiten Generation fort. Obwohl Einwanderer der zweiten Generation höhere Bildungsniveaus als die erste Generation aufweisen, fallen sie dennoch hinter die Bildungsniveaus von Inländern deutscher Herkunft zurück. Auch die Arbeitsmarktchancen für die zweite Genertion haben sich verbessert. Insbesondere für Türken der zweiten Generation bestehen jedoch nach wie vor geringere Bildungs- und Arbeitsmarktchancen. Für die anhaltende ethnische Schichtung sind vor allem Prozesse vor dem Eintritt ins Erwerbsleben ausschlaggebend. Die Untersuchung enthält quantitative Daten. Forschungsmethode: empirisch-quantitativ; empirisch; Längsschnitt; historisch. Die Untersuchung bezieht sich auf den Zeitraum 1950 bis 2000. (IAB).;;;"Five major groups of classic labour migrants' are established in Germany-Greeks, Italians, (ex-)Yugoslavs, Turks and Iberians, of which the largest single group are the Turks. There now are significant numbers of second-generation men and women from these origins in the German labour market. More recently they have been joined by a more diverse group of migrants from Western Europe, Eastern Europe, the (middle) East and Africa. In the first generation the labour-migrant groups had relatively low levels of education leading to marked ethnic stratification within the labour market. This ethnic stratification continues in the second generation although on a reduced scale. While the second generation has acquired higher levels of education than the first, they still lag some way (the Turks especially so) behind native Germans in their education. Ethnic penalties in the labour market itself are also much reduced in the second generation, although significant penalties remain for Turks. However most of the continuing ethnic stratification is due to processes that operate prior to entry into the labour market." Die Untersuchung enthält quantitative Daten. Forschungsmethode: empirisch-quantitativ; empirisch; Längsschnitt; historisch. Die Untersuchung bezieht sich auf den Zeitraum 1950 bis 2000. (author's abstract, IAB-Doku).
