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The volume contains the transcription of the reports presented at the International Conference held in Florence on 14th and 15th June 2012: there are 15 original essays, written (upon request) by authoritative scholars of various Italian and foreign universities, on the important contributions made by their papyrus finds over more than a century to the knowledge of the lost works by Aeschylus and Sophocles, as well as on the value of the papyri for the constitution of the text of their preserved tragedies. The essays are equally divided between Aeschylus and Sophocles, and touch on all the major questions which the study of papyrology has raised for the philological and literary research on the two great tragedy writers. Both for the prestige of the authors and for the variety of the topics addressed, the volume offers an interesting and authoritative picture of the 'state of the art' of the studies in this regard, in light of the interrelationships between papyrology and Greek literature.

This is a study of the artistic and political context that led to the production of a truly exceptional Byzantine illustrated manuscript. Paris, Bibliotheque Nationale de France, codex grec 54 is one of the most ambitious and complex manuscripts produced during the Byzantine era. This thirteenth-century Greek and Latin Gospel book features full-page evangelist portraits, an extensive narrative cycle, and unique polychromatic texts. However, it has never been the subject of a comprehensive study and the circumstances of its commission are unknown. In this book Kathleen Maxwell addresses the following questions: what circumstances led to the creation of Paris 54? Who commissioned it and for what purpose? How was a deluxe manuscript such as this produced? Why was it left unfinished? How does it relate to other Byzantine illustrated Gospel books?Paris 54's innovations are a testament to the extraordinary circumstances of its commission. Maxwell's multi-disciplinary approach includes codicological and paleographical evidence together with New Testament textual criticism, artistic and historical analysis. She concludes that Paris 54 was never intended to copy any other manuscript. Rather, it was designed to eclipse its contemporaries and to physically embody a new relationship between Constantinople and the Latin West, as envisioned by its patron. Analysis of Paris 54's texts and miniature cycle indicates that it was created at the behest of a Byzantine emperor as a gift to a pope, in conjunction with imperial efforts to unify the Latin and Orthodox churches. As such, Paris 54 is a unique witness to early Palaeologan attempts to achieve church union with Rome. ; https://scholarcommons.scu.edu/faculty_books/1071/thumbnail.jpg

Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- Part 1 Plato and Aristotle -- 1 Philia in Plato -- Introduction -- 1. Friendship and the Laws of Attraction: Leg. 8, 836e-837d -- A. Three Kinds of Philia -- B. Friendship from Opposites -- C. Friendship from Resemblance and Mixed Friendship -- 2. Forms of Friendship in the Phaedrus -- 3. Civic Friendship in the Laws -- A. Legislative Consequences -- B. Friendship and Legislation -- C. Virtuous friendship and civic friendship -- D. Civic Friendship and Equality -- 4. Civic Friendship in the Republic -- A. Is Civic Friendship Possible in the Ideal City? -- B. Friendship and Resemblance -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Bibliography -- 2 Aristotle on Friendship: Insight from the Four Causes -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Wishing the Good (boulesthai tagatha) -- 3. Good Will (eunoia) -- 4. Self-Love and Another Self (philein heauton kai allos autos) -- 5. Virtue and Activity -- 6. Conclusion -- Notes -- Bibliography -- 3 Souls Great and Small: Aristotle on Self-Knowledge, Friendship, and Civic Engagement -- Introduction -- 1. A Translator's Headache: Megalopsychia and Mikropsychia -- 2. Megalopsychia and Self-knowledge -- 3. Megalopsychia and Civic Friendship -- A. The End of the City-State -- B. Egalitarian and Aristocratic Constitutions -- C. Civic Friendship -- D. The Megalopsychos as Friend -- 4. Mikropsychia -- 5. Conclusion -- Notes -- Bibliography -- I: Primary Literature -- II: Secondary Literature -- Part 2 Hellenistic Philosophers -- 4 Making Friends: The Stoic Conception of Love and Its Platonic Background -- Introduction -- 1. Friendship as the Aim of Love -- A. The Pedagogical Dimension of Stoic Love -- B. Love, Friendship, and the Beautiful -- I. Love and the appearance of beauty -- II. Friendship and true beauty -- 2. The Platonic Background -- A. Plato's Symposium on Friendship as the Aim of Love.

The Ġāyat al-ḥakīm ("the Aim of the Sage"), the Arab ancestor of the celebrated Picatrix on astral magic, includes a curious tenfold classification of the sciences, with five disciplines said to be compulsory "for the legislators" and five "for the philosopher". This classification was once described by Hellmut Ritter and Martin Plessner as "ein Unikum in der umfangreichen Einteilungsliteratur". This paper is a survey of medieval texts concerned with a tenfold classification of the sciences, ranging from a wide collection of sources including the world chronicles of Agapius and Girgīs al-Makīn, the Ādāb al-falāsifa, the Sindbādnāma, the Pseudo-Avicennian alchemical De anima, and Roger Bacon's edition of the Secretum Secretorum. It appears from this survey that the Ādāb al-falāsifa certainly played a crucial role in the transmission of these traditions, but that other texts, in particular amongst the Pseudo-Aristotelian Hermetica, may have been influential as well. Regarding the ultimate origin of this material we are reduced to mere speculations, although various elements invite us to consider Middle Persian literature as a more plausible formative stage than Greek literature in the conception of tenfold classifications of knowledge.

The Ġāyat al-ḥakīm ("the Aim of the Sage"), the Arab ancestor of the celebrated Picatrix on astral magic, includes a curious tenfold classification of the sciences, with five disciplines said to be compulsory "for the legislators" and five "for the philosopher". This classification was once described by Hellmut Ritter and Martin Plessner as "ein Unikum in der umfangreichen Einteilungsliteratur". This paper is a survey of medieval texts concerned with a tenfold classification of the sciences, ranging from a wide collection of sources including the world chronicles of Agapius and Girgīs al-Makīn, the Ādāb al-falāsifa, the Sindbādnāma, the Pseudo-Avicennian alchemical De anima, and Roger Bacon's edition of the Secretum Secretorum. It appears from this survey that the Ādāb al-falāsifa certainly played a crucial role in the transmission of these traditions, but that other texts, in particular amongst the Pseudo-Aristotelian Hermetica, may have been influential as well. Regarding the ultimate origin of this material we are reduced to mere speculations, although various elements invite us to consider Middle Persian literature as a more plausible formative stage than Greek literature in the conception of tenfold classifications of knowledge.

The evolution of educational institutions and secondary schools in the Greek Catholic Diocese of Mukachevo needs research because of the era of Czechoslovak anti-Catholic modernism. This influenced on the development of diocesan educational institutions and their transformation. Generally most researchers have positive vision of the democracy of Czechoslovakia of this time, but in church and educational sphere it was rather "controlled" liberalism. The issue of Greek Catholic schooling is at an early stage of study and needs to be better understood, given the difficult operating conditions due to various financial and administrative constraints. Church schooling played an extremely important role in moral and spiritual spheres, providing the younger generation not only with the necessary knowledge, but also with Christian values. However, in the conditions of Czechoslovak modernism, it turned out to be difficult to spread Christian morality due to the restrictions of the authorities of the Czechoslovak Republic on the educational and school institutions of the Greek Catholic Church in Subcarpathian Russia. It should be noted that the government has limited funding for parish schools, but officials hadn't an alternative to local schools or the necessary human resources. Conflicts of interest led to complications in the educational process, up to the closure of parish schools or the creation of public ones on their basis. The church hierarchy paid more attention to the catechetical work, through the study of religion lessons in all primary schools, while providing the educational process with the necessary literature. Emphasis was placed on working with young people through various Christian youth organizations: "Society of St. Cross "," Subcarpathian Eagle "," St. Mari Congregations ", partly " Plast "and others. A great success was the opening of a boarding school by the diocesan board in the early 1930s, which did not function in the 1920s due to financial difficulties and lack of state support, but was eventually restored. ; Еволюція виховних та середньошкільних навчальних закладів Мукачівської Греко-Католицької єпархії потребує дослідження зважаючи на епоху чехословацького антикатолицького модернізму, що вплинуло на розвиток єпархіальних навчально-виховних закладів і їх трансформацію. І хоч у більшості дослідників загалом позитивні уявлення про демократичність Чехословаччини цієї доби, проте в церковних та освітніх справах це був радше «керований» лібералізм. Греко-католицьке шкільництво перебуває на початковому етапі вивчення і потребує глибшого осмислення, зважаючи на складні умови функціонування через різні фінансові та адміністративні обмеження з боку чехословацької влади. Церковне шкільництво відігравало надзвичайно важливу роль у морально-духовному плані, надаючи молодому поколінню не лише необхідні знання, але й християнські цінності. Втім, в умовах чехословацького модернізму, виявилося непросто поширювати християнську мораль через обмеження владою Чехословацької Республіки (ЧСР) виховних та шкільних інституцій Греко-Католицької Церкви на Підкарпатській Русі, еволюцію і розвиток яких необхідно розглянути нижче. Треба відзначити про обмеження фінансування владою парафіяльних навчальних закладів, при цьому урядовці не мали альтернативи навчальних закладів на місцях, як і необхідного кадрового потенціалу. Конфлікт інтересів призвів до ускладнень виховного процесу, аж до закриття парафіяльних шкіл, чи створення на їх базі державних. При цьому, церковна ієрархія більше уваги приділяла катехитичній праці, через вивчення уроків релігії у всіх навчальних закладах початкової освіти, забезпечуючи навчальний процес необхідною літературою. Більше того, акцент робився на працю з молоддю через різні християнсько-молодіжні організації: «Товариство св. Хреста», «Підкарпаторусський Орел», «Марійські конгрегації», частково «Пласт» та ін. Великим успіхом було відкриття єпархіальним правлінням інтернату на початку 1930-х рр., котрий не функціонував у 1920-х рр. через матеріальні труднощі і відсутнiсть державної підтримки.

The evolution of educational institutions and secondary schools in the Greek Catholic Diocese of Mukachevo needs research because of the era of Czechoslovak anti-Catholic modernism. This influenced on the development of diocesan educational institutions and their transformation. Generally most researchers have positive vision of the democracy of Czechoslovakia of this time, but in church and educational sphere it was rather "controlled" liberalism. The issue of Greek Catholic schooling is at an early stage of study and needs to be better understood, given the difficult operating conditions due to various financial and administrative constraints. Church schooling played an extremely important role in moral and spiritual spheres, providing the younger generation not only with the necessary knowledge, but also with Christian values. However, in the conditions of Czechoslovak modernism, it turned out to be difficult to spread Christian morality due to the restrictions of the authorities of the Czechoslovak Republic on the educational and school institutions of the Greek Catholic Church in Subcarpathian Russia. It should be noted that the government has limited funding for parish schools, but officials hadn't an alternative to local schools or the necessary human resources. Conflicts of interest led to complications in the educational process, up to the closure of parish schools or the creation of public ones on their basis. The church hierarchy paid more attention to the catechetical work, through the study of religion lessons in all primary schools, while providing the educational process with the necessary literature. Emphasis was placed on working with young people through various Christian youth organizations: "Society of St. Cross "," Subcarpathian Eagle "," St. Mari Congregations ", partly " Plast "and others. A great success was the opening of a boarding school by the diocesan board in the early 1930s, which did not function in the 1920s due to financial difficulties and lack of state support, but was eventually restored. ; Еволюція виховних та середньошкільних навчальних закладів Мукачівської Греко-Католицької єпархії потребує дослідження зважаючи на епоху чехословацького антикатолицького модернізму, що вплинуло на розвиток єпархіальних навчально-виховних закладів і їх трансформацію. І хоч у більшості дослідників загалом позитивні уявлення про демократичність Чехословаччини цієї доби, проте в церковних та освітніх справах це був радше «керований» лібералізм. Греко-католицьке шкільництво перебуває на початковому етапі вивчення і потребує глибшого осмислення, зважаючи на складні умови функціонування через різні фінансові та адміністративні обмеження з боку чехословацької влади. Церковне шкільництво відігравало надзвичайно важливу роль у морально-духовному плані, надаючи молодому поколінню не лише необхідні знання, але й християнські цінності. Втім, в умовах чехословацького модернізму, виявилося непросто поширювати християнську мораль через обмеження владою Чехословацької Республіки (ЧСР) виховних та шкільних інституцій Греко-Католицької Церкви на Підкарпатській Русі, еволюцію і розвиток яких необхідно розглянути нижче. Треба відзначити про обмеження фінансування владою парафіяльних навчальних закладів, при цьому урядовці не мали альтернативи навчальних закладів на місцях, як і необхідного кадрового потенціалу. Конфлікт інтересів призвів до ускладнень виховного процесу, аж до закриття парафіяльних шкіл, чи створення на їх базі державних. При цьому, церковна ієрархія більше уваги приділяла катехитичній праці, через вивчення уроків релігії у всіх навчальних закладах початкової освіти, забезпечуючи навчальний процес необхідною літературою. Більше того, акцент робився на працю з молоддю через різні християнсько-молодіжні організації: «Товариство св. Хреста», «Підкарпаторусський Орел», «Марійські конгрегації», частково «Пласт» та ін. Великим успіхом було відкриття єпархіальним правлінням інтернату на початку 1930-х рр., котрий не функціонував у 1920-х рр. через матеріальні труднощі і відсутнiсть державної підтримки.

Introduction -- Homer, Hesiod, and Greek lyric poetry -- Sexual roles and sexual rules in classical Athens -- Sexuality in Greek comedy -- Legal and illegal sex in ancient Greece -- Philosophical sex -- Greek pots and Greek sex -- Love and sex in Hellenistic poetry -- Rome and Roman sex -- Roman comic sex -- Legal and illegal sex in ancient Rome -- Roman poetry about love and sex -- Excursus : lesbians in Ovid's Metamorphoses -- Roman sex on the walls and in gardens : artifacts and images -- Imperial sex : Nero and Seneca -- Sex in satire and invective poetry -- Epilogue

Introduction -- The circulation and performance of medical knowledge in late antiquity -- The history of the brain in ancient Greek medicine and philosophy -- The invention of ventricular localization -- The governing brain -- The rhetoric of cerebral vulnerability -- Insanity, vainglory, and phrenitis -- Humanizing the brain in early Christianity -- Conclusion.

Abstract
This article examines patterns of reception through which a particular type of classical sculpture – the Caryatid – has been accepted into the cultural life of contemporary Greece. Loved by neoclassical architecture, though also prominent in Modern Greek design, as well as contemporary literature, the Caryatid serves alongside a limited stock of other classical monuments as a logo for the country and the Greeks at large, especially when referring to their relations with their fellow Europeans. In contemporary Greek culture, Caryatids are deployed as symbols of Greekness as well as a means to achieve the nation's cultural emancipation against the supremacy of western, globalized modernity. Often derided as mere symptoms of colonial mimicry, through their inherent qualities of parody and subversiveness, such uses may sometimes prove unexpectedly successful in undermining modernity and its templates.

Introduction : Searching for peace in the ancient world / Kurt A. Raaflaub -- Making war and making peace in early China / Robin D.S. Yates -- Ancient India : peace within and war without / Richard Salomon -- Water under the straw : peace in Mesopotamia / Benjamin R. Foster -- Making, preserving, and breaking the peace with the Hittite state / Richard H. Beal -- Conflict and reconciliation in the ancient Middle East : the clash of Egyptian and Hittite chariots in Syria, and the world's first peace treaty between "Superpowers" / Lanny Bell -- From Achaemenid imperial order to Sasanian diplomacy : war, peace, and reconciliation in pre-Islamic Iran / Josef Wiesehöfer -- War and reconciliation in the traditions of ancient Israel : historical, literary, and ideological considerations / Susan Niditch -- "They shall beat their swords into plowshares" : a vision of peace through justice and its background in the Hebrew Bible / Thomas Krüger -- "Laughing for joy" : war and peace among the Greeks / Lawrence A. Tritle -- War and reconciliation in Greek literature / David Konstan -- War, peace, and international law in ancient Greece / Victor Alonso -- War and peace, fear and reconciliation at Rome / Nathan Rosenstein -- The price of peace in ancient Rome / Carlin A. Barton -- The gates of war (and peace) : Roman literary perspectives / Jeri DeBrohun -- Early Christian views on violence, war, and peace / Louis J. Swift -- Fight for God, but do so with kindness : reflections on war, peace, and communal identity in early Islam / Fred M. Donner -- Peace, reconciliation, and alliance in Aztec Mexico / Ross Hassig -- War and peace in the Inca heartland / Catherine Julien -- The long peace among Iroquois nations / Neta C. Crawford.

Main description: This volume contains an introduction, new edition of the Greek text, English translation, and detailed linguistic and historical commentary of Apollodoros' speech 0Against Neaira0 (4th century BC). The introduction provides a comprehensive account of the historical and legal background, authorship, style, technique, manuscripts and textual tradition of the speech, and a radically new interpretation of the case against Neaira. The edition of the Greek text is based on independent collations of manuscripts written before the 14th century, bringing a new sensitivity to the stylistic preferences of Apollodoros. The commentary contains discussions on textual points, grammar, syntax, vocabulary, style and technique, while the historical notes illustrate the constitutional, legal, social and political background of the speech. The book is of the highest interest to scholars and students of the Attic Orators, Athenian society, daily life, women and gender relations, law, constitution, institutions, religion and culture.