Suchergebnisse

International police and other cooperation is a necessity of the modern world and imperative for the survival of human civilization. The goal of cooperation is that states and the international community unite in opposing crime as the greatest peacetime evil in the world. This is particularly in relation to organized crime, terrorism, and corruption and other most serious forms of crime in contemporary society. Cooperation takes place at the bilateral, regional and multilateral levels. Bilateral cooperation mainly has a trans-border character of neighboring countries, while the regional cooperation between states within certain areas such as the SEE region (Western Balkan) or Europe (e.g. Europol). Multilateral cooperation is mainly on a broader level, e.g. in the field of combating terrorism or through universal organizations (e.g. Interpol). International police cooperation in Europe has a long tradition. One part takes place today in this area through the OSCE, with the caveat that this is a global organization that deals with security issues. The Council of Europe is the next organization through which co-operation began in the past and is partly carried out to this day, given that it brings all European countries together (except Belarus). Cooperation is more intensive still throughout the European Union, its forerunners, the current forms of the organization and present mechanisms (EAW- European surrender and arrest warrant).53 The cooperation in the EU, that takes place through Europol as a specialized agency of the Union is especially current, but with minimal operational competencies. In the SEE region, a significant cooperation between countries of the former Yugoslavia and countries in its neighborhood has been achieved. This cooperation is not only based on bilateral and multilateral acts, but primarily regional documents of which the most important are the International Convention on Police Cooperation in SEE and SELEC Convention. According to these and other acts, all the countries in the region have taken part in regional cooperation, since the fight against crime is the common interest of all. This applies in particular to organized crime, terrorism, corruption and other most serious forms of crime. Extremely important shapes, forms and mechanisms of international police cooperation are: exchange of information, joint investigation teams, joint operational actions, liaison officers, contact points, regional centers for police and customs cooperation, joint police stations and others. To recap, international police cooperation in the world today is an expression of anti-criminal solidarity between states and its prospects are clear, because the danger of crime is global and requires a harmonized response at the international level.

The government of the South Kalimantan Province moved the provincial capital from Banjarmasin to Banjarbaru at the end of 2011. However, there has not been a clear decision as to what the government's old building will be used for. One thing is clear, the utilization has to be optimized by considering the local government regulations. The aim of the research is to examine the highest and the best alternatives of utilization that can be adopted for such an asset. Non-probability sampling method was used in the research to find the alternatives. The alternatives were analyzed by using the highest and the best use analysis as the relevance test instrument for each of them. After analyzing the alternatives, the benefit-cost ratio (BCR) analysis was conducted to analyze the alternatives prior to determining their feasibility. Legal analysis, physical analysis, financial analysis, and the maximum productivity analysis were the stages conducted on the research based on highest and best use analysis. Based on the result of the research, the alternative which is feasible to do is that the building is used for other governmental or public purposes. Through the analysis, the alternative meets the criteria of the analysis as mentioned before with NPV Rp. 747,439,143 and BCR 1.024. Furthermore, according to 42.5 percent of the respondents, the building is best used for UPT offices and other institutions.

In this paper, we tried to analyze the consequences of the transitional process in the societies of the South-West Balkan, primarily on the example of Serbia. The indicators that we have found by the research clearly speak in favor of the fact that the transition is the cause of peripheralization of these societies. Citizens who entered the transitional processes with hope - imagining them as the accomplishment of the best European values - soon were convinced that the transition is only another manner to place these countries in the position to be exploited by multinational capital and developed, 'old' member of the EU, as well as to serve for squaring accounts in geopolitical games of the creators of the 'new world order'. In the case of the countries of the Western Balkan, the transition had the characteristic that, among other things, it was performed in conditions of political violence: destruction of the joint state of Yugoslavia, civil and religious war in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, aggression of NATO to the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, destabilization of Serbia through the attempt of Kosovo secession, etc., therefore, in the conditions that were extremely antihistorical. While the Europe was uniting, the Balkan was disintegrating. At least two out of the three 'ideas that conquered the world' (Mandelbaum) have been violated: the peace and the democracy. Free market in the conditions when there was no peace and regarding democratically insufficiently consolidated societies could not bring their progress, but on the contrary, as we established, only regression. That is the reason why the destroyed and collided South-Balkan societies, contrary to the European vow of their political elites, are today de facto much further from the European aspirations than they were quarter of the century ago. With their policy, the countries of the West have contributed to De- Europeanization of the South-West Balkan and strengthening of the Euroscepticism with citizens of those countries that still have not joined the EU, like Serbia. In fact, the citizens of Serbia can hardly recognize in the policy of the EU those values that have been usually considered European and which we mentioned at the beginning of this paper.

Researcher conducted a study with the aim to determine the quality of items in terms of analysis: 1) the validity of the content and empirical, 2) reliability, 3) level of difficulty, 4) distinguishing features, and 5) the function of detractors. This research is a descriptive study. The sample was a set of second semester final exam subjects biology grade XI IPA SMAof the school year 2015/2016 in the south region district solok. Quantitative analysis was performed by using Anates, while for the qualitative analysis carried out by the study table. Based on the results of data analysis, the result for the review of aspects: 1) the validity of the content, about 7.5% did not meet the material aspect, 40% of questions that do not meet aspects of construction, and 77.5% did not meet aspects of language problems, and validity empirically, 52.5% are invalid matter, 2) reliability, the test has a value of 0.67 belong to the category enough, 3) the level of difficulty, 5% classified as very easy matter, 22.5% easy, 40% about the medium, 17 , 5% about the difficult, and 15% about the very difficult, 4) different power, 15% of matter which is classified as very bad, 15% about the relatively ugly, 30% about enough, and 40% items good, 5) function options, for options that are not qualified humbug is 75% and the quality is 25%. It can be concluded that the end of the semester exam subjects biology grade XI of the school year 2015/2016 in the south region district solok not meet both criteria.

Američka administracija zainteresovala se još pedesetih i šezdesetih godina prošlog veka za zemlje severne Afrike, kada su one stekle nezavisnost. Krajem Hladnog rata, američki zvaničnici pozvali su sve severnoafričke zemlje da se uključe u proces globalizacije svetske ekonomije, a posle događaja iz septembra 2001. godine u Sjedinjenim Američkim Državama, njihovi istraživački centri počeli su ozbiljnije da proučavaju islamske pokrete unutar i izvan islamskog sveta. Predmet istraživanja ove doktorske disertacije je određivanje američkih spoljno-političkih interesa i vrednosti prema islamskim pokretima na severu Afrike na početku XXI veka. Naučni cilj ovog istraživanja je naučno objašnjenje američke spoljne politike prema islamskim pokretima, posebno uzroka promene u američkoj spoljnoj politici i njen budući pravac kretanja prema političkim partijama i pokretima, nakon revolucija arapskog proleća i dolaska ovih islamskih partija na vlast u Tunisu, Egiptu i Libiji. To podrazumeva naučnu deskripciju i klasifikaciju značajnih islamskih pokreta na severu Afrike s naglaskom na njihov uticaj na američku spoljnu politiku. Društveni cilj ove teze je da ponudi naučno zasnovane osnove za razvoj odgovarajuće američke spoljne politike prema islamskim pokretima, uključujući i ulogu nezavisnih istraživačkih centara kao i sredstava informisanja u kreiranju američke spoljne politike. Najveću primenu u ovoj disertaciji imale su statistička i komparativna metoda, kao i analiza sadržaja dokumenata kao metoda prikupljanja podataka. Rezultat, odnosno naučni doprinos doktorske disertacije zasniva se na dva bitna činioca. Prvo, ova tema nije razvijena u naučno delo u našoj i savremenoj naučnoj literaturi, dakle radi se o originalnoj doktorskoj disertaciji. I drugo, zbog naučnog cilja odnosno naučnog objašnjenja američke spoljne politike prema islamskim pokretima, kao i njihovoj klasifikaciji. Društveni značaj i očekivani rezultati odnose se na sprovođenje američkih spoljno-političkih interesa i vrednosti, i proučavanja uticaja međunarodnog terorizma i radikalnih islamskih pokreta na američku spoljnu politiku, posebno u procesu globalizacije. ; The American administration has shown interest during the 1950-1960's for the North Africa countries, after their independence. By the end of the Cold War, the US officials has invited all North African countries to engage in the process of globalization of the world economy, and after the events during September 2001 in the USA, their research centers has begun more serious to study the Islamic movements inside and outside the Islamic world. The subject of this doctoral thesis is to determine US foreign policy interests and values towards the Islamic movements in the North of Africa at the beginning of the XXI century. The scientific objective of this research is the scientific explanation of US foreign policy towards the Islamic movements, particularly the causes of changes in US foreign policy and their trends towards political parties and movements, after the Arab spring revolutions and the arrival of these Islamic parties to power in Tunisia, Egypt and Libya. It includes scientific description and classification of the significant Islamic movements in the North of Africa, with an emphasis on their impact on US foreign policy. The social objective of this thesis is to offer science-based foundation for developing the appropriate US foreign policy towards the Islamic movements, including the role of independent research centers and the media in the creation of American foreign policy. The most used methods in this doctoral thesis were statistical and comparative methods, as well the content analysis for collecting the data. The result, ie scientific contribution of this doctoral thesis is based on two important factors. First, this theme has not been developed as scientific work in our and modern literature, so this is an original doctoral thesis. And second, because of the scientific explanation of American foreign policy towards the Islamic movements, as well as their classification. The social significance and expected results relates to the implementation of US foreign policy interests and values, and studying the impact of international terrorism and radical Islamic movements towards American foreign policy, especially during the process of globalization.

The Covid-19 pandemic has disrupted elections in various countries, decreased voter participation, and increased the potential for virus transmission that threatens public health—one of the countries holding elections during the Covid-19 pandemic in South Korea. In contrast to most other election organizing countries during the pandemic, the South Korean Legislative Election in 2020 became a legislative election with the highest turnout of voters reaching 66.2 percent. The election was won by the Democratic People's Party of Korea as the party that carries President Moon Jae-in. This study discusses the effect of the four-pronged strategy used by President Moon Jae-in in tackling Covid-19 on the victory of the Democratic People's Party of Korea. This study will also discuss the high civic duty of the South Korean community, which affects the high turnout of voters, regardless of elections held during a crisis. This study finds that despite the poor assessment of economic policies, foreign relations, and political scandals in the administration of President Moon Jae-in, crises are considered to have higher urgency and become the main indicator of a society in conducting retrospective assessments. This is supported by the public's views, who view the Covid-19 pandemic as a national crisis, and participating in elections is considered a form of nation-saving duty. The high voter turnout and the effectiveness of the four-pronged strategy affected the victory of the Democratic People's Party of Korea in the 2020 South Korean Legislative Elections. ; Pandemi Covid-19 mendisrupsi jalannya pemilu di berbagai negara dan berpengaruh pada penurunan partisipasi pemilih dan meningkatkan potensi transmisi virus yang mengancam kesehatan masyarakat. Salah satu negara yang menyelenggarakan pemilu di tengah pandemi Covid-19 adalah Korea Selatan. Berbeda dengan mayoritas negara penyelenggara pemilu lainnya di saat pandemi, Pemilu Legislatif Korea Selatan tahun 2020 menjadi pemilu legislatif dengan perolehan turnout voters tertinggi mencapai 66,2 persen. Pemilu tersebut dimenangkan oleh Democratic People's Party of Korea selaku partai pengusung Presiden Moon Jae-in. Penelitian ini membahas pengaruh dari four-pronged strategy yang digunakan oleh Presiden Moon Jae-in dalam menanggulangi Covid-19 terhadap kemenangan Democratic People's Party of Korea. Tidak hanya menggunakan penilaian retrospective, penelitian ini juga akan membahas tingginya civic duty masyarakat Korea Selatan yang mempengaruhi tingginya perolehan turnout voters, terlepas dari pemilu yang diadakan di tengah situasi krisis. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa terlepas dari buruknya penilaian kebijakan ekonomi, hubungan luar negeri, dan skandal politik pada pemerintahan Presiden Moon Jae-in, situasi krisis dinilai memiliki urgensi yang lebih tinggi dan menjadi indikator utama masyarakat dalam melakukan penilaian retrospective. Hal tersebut didukung dengan pandangan masyarakat yang menilai Pandemi Covid-19 sebagai krisis nasional, dan berpartisipasi dalam pemilu dianggap sebagai bentuk nation-saving duty. Tingginya partisipasi pemilih dan efektivitas four-pronged strategy mempengaruhi kemenangan Democratic People's Party of Korea pada Pemilu Legislatif Korea Selatan tahun 2020.

The paper analyses the structure of Stjepan Radic's ideological attitudes, based on an unpublished text - a letter to the leadership of the Peasants' International - which served as an ouverture to the possible membership of HRSS in that pro-communist international organization. The paper also includes the original text by Radic. The author claims that the increased interest of the Communist International for winning over HRSS was in the function of a graduaI breakup of the unity of interests of the Croatian people and the curtailment of the influence of HRSS' ideology and policies. The strategic aim of the Communist International was the bolshevization of the Balkans and the Danubian region and that is why it advocated the disbandment of the South-Slavonic federation and the creation of a Balkan or Balkan-Danubian federation of the Soviet Socialist Republics, including the Soviet Republic of Croatia. The central part of the text is devoted to the analysis of Stjepan Radic's ideological attitudes. He upholds the unity of interests of the Croatian people under the leadership of peasants, the principle of an independent and nationally sovereign state of the Croatian people and is in favour of a confederal relationship of Croatia with Serbia and other South-Slavonic states. The Peasants' International was only a tactical move exacted by the existing relationships in the South-Slavonic monarchy and Europe in general. (SOI : PM: S. 253)

The existence of ASEAN trully did not comes apart from concerns about the South East Asian Nations which has conflicted, for example like the confrontation between Indonesia and Malaysia, territorial demand between Phillipine and Malaysia on Sabah, also the separation of Singapore from the Malaysian Federation. From those backgrounds, the South East Asian Nations especially Indonesia and Malaysia which recently conflicted, realizes the needs to form a cooperation to reduce tension, to construct confidence building and pushing regional cooperation growth which felt have no progress after each nations receive its independence. 8 August 1967 is the first ASEAN formation spearheaded by five Ministers of Foreign Affair from Indonesia, Phillipine, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand, which resulted in the signation of ASEAN Declaration or known as The Bangkok Declaration and it also means ASEAN is formally created. One of the ASEAN's aim is "to accelerate economic growth, social progress and cultural growth in South East Asia Nations." Nevertheless, in actualizing ASEAN's growth it is not as easy as turning the palm of a hand, various national interest affected ASEAN's policy. Resulted to outdraw the main aim that have been agreed by the Nations, informal or formal conflict always happened in the middle of goverments effort in reducing conflict. For example, the arrest of KPLP Indonesian Officer by the Malaysian Royal Police, the accusation of Thailand to Malaysia in helping separatism of South Thailand, the dispute of Angkor Temple between Cambodia and Vietnam constituted on how the implementation of ASEAN's agreements are hard to happened. Although, the interesting parts are eventhough conflicts still exist between each Nations but open war which can cause many victims never happens. One of the secret why ASEAN Nations stays solid is the tolerance and togetherness underlied the brotherhood of South East Asia Nations. Which nowadays had been used as a strong reason to build trush building between each member for the advancement of ASEAN nations in the future. Social and cultural approaches through public diplomation, reconsiliation and bridging of kinship always be a reference in problem solutions, relativeness in ASEAN's history had always be an important point for ASEAN's progress until nowadays. Keywords : Cooperation, Kinship And Prospective

South South Cooperation (SSC) is a form of development cooperation between developing countries based on the principle of solidarity, equality (mutual opportunity) and the principle of mutual benefit. Indonesia is one of the member countries of Cooperation which is active as a foreign aid provider for SSC partner countries. So far, the available discussions have only focused on the benefits of South South Cooperation (SSC) on Indonesia's national interests. This journal examines from another perspective on the impact of Indonesia's foreign assistance on the development of member states of South South Cooperation. The research method used was descriptive qualitative with a focus on providing assistance in the Asian region. Foreign aid provided by Indonesia focuses more on training and community empowerment programs. Indonesia also provided financial assistance but the value was no greater than non-financial assistance worth US $ 60 million. In addition, Indonesia's foreign aid for conflict countries in Asia includes educational, economic, health and social programs that aim to help and alleviate the suffering of people in the midst of conflict. The impact of the provision of non-financial assistance is that people in developing countries in Asia get new knowledge, skills and information to be implemented in their countries and increase community empowerment so that they are not increasingly dependent on foreign financial assistance.

South Kalimantan is an area that is very rich in natural resources that managed by many companies and it is inhabited by a majority of Muslims which are as the potential of zakat, infaq and alms so large amount, but the results of the funding collection of zakat, infaq and alms at National Zakat Agency of Province South Kalimantan are still not maximal. This research is a qualitative descriptive research and focused on the discussion of the strategy of zak at, infaq and alms fundraising at National Zak at Agency of Province South Kalimantan, with data collection techniques by means of observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of the strategy of zak at, infaq and alms fundraising at National Zakat Agency of Province South Kalimantan is still less effective and efficient, which is due to the concept of inappropriate strategy formulation and lack of evaluation of the implementation of the strategy. Then in implementing the fundraising strategy, there are several advantages, including the National Zakat Agency National Zakat Agency is the mandate of the Law, the potential for zak at in the province of South Kalimantan is very large. On the contrary, there are deficiencies that are owned by National Zak at Agency of Province South Kalimantan, which are: The number of human resources management of National Zak at Agency in Province South Kalimantan which is still lack ing, the lack of operational strategies for Zakat, Infaq and alms fundraising and the mindset of "Ulama Sentris" in the community.