Suchergebnisse

Introduction. One of the key distinctive features of modern science is its global nature, which has resulted in high levels of transnational academic mobility and international competition for talent among countries and universities. Programs that support academic mobility and alumni associations play an important role among the primary engines of that competitiveness. The study reviews the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) and Marie Curie Alumni Association (MCAA) as instruments of the European Union for cooperation with national scientific expatriate communities. Methods. The study uses the historical method and analyzes trends in the development of the MSCA program and the MCAA. The study includes systematic and functional analyses of the MSCA and MCAA. The analysis is based on official reports of the European Commission on the results of the MSCA program as well as information from the official websites of the MSCA and the European Commission. Results and Discussion. The study reviews the structure of the MSCA program, the key tasks, and objectives of its subprograms as well as their effectiveness. The study analyzes the structure and functions of the MSCA and determines the role of MSCA and MSAA in the international research system. The program's increased levels of funding and supported projects, the emergence of subprograms aimed at various groups of scientists and industry representatives, the decline in canceled projects, and positive reviews from program participants are all proof of the MSCA's strong results and positive dynamics. MCAA has also proven itself as a useful tool for international scientific cooperation, the establishment of international research networks, and dialog between the scientific community, universities, and national governments. Conclusion. The study concludes that Russia would highly benefit from an organization similar to the MCAA. These establishments present key opportunities to attract leading scientists into university positions and jobs at innovative companies ...

Timely diagnosis of bronchial asthma (BA) in adolescence and adequate therapy controlling the disease provide not only a good prognosis but also are of social importance. Moreover, BA in male adolescents is relevant to their fitness for military service. The purpose of our work was to study clin# ical and functional features of BA in 603 adolescent males aged 16 to 19 years treated in allergology department of City Clinical Hospital No.52 in 2006 to 2007. The results demonstrated that atopic BA phenotype prevailed among adolescent males with BA (99 % of the teenagers). Those patients had mild BA (89.6 %) with physiological stabilization. Lung function of patients with mild (especially intermittent) BA in stable condition did not differ from that of healthy individuals. Disorders could be seen only in worsening of the disease. Challenge test is helpful for detection of mild BA in adolescents with normal pulmonary function test and no response to β2-agonists. Most adolescent males (77 %) with BA had specific or nonspecif# ic bronchial hyperreactivity even while having intermittent asthma with no symptoms. Most adolescents with BA received inadequate therapy and poor awareness of asthma treatment and prevention. ; Своевременная диагностика бронхиальной астмы (БА) среди подростков и назначение адекватной терапии, контролирующей заболевание, обеспечивают не только хороший прогноз, но и имеют важное социальное значение. Кроме того, БА у подростков мужского пола связана с проведением военно#медицинского освидетельствования. Целью исследования являлось изучение клинико# функциональных особенностей БА у подростков мужского пола в возрасте 16–19 лет, обследованных в аллергологическом отделении ГКБ № 52 в период 2006–2007 гг. Было обследовано 603 подростка с БА. Выявлено, что среди подростков мужского пола, страдающих БА, безусловно доминирует атопический фенотип заболевания (в 99 % случаев). У данной группы больных преобладают легкие формы БА (89,6 %), характеризующиеся формированием физиологической ремиссии. ...

The article examines the transition process in Yemen from the republican regime into a federal.Problems, accompanying this process are discussed. There is a lack of consensus between the factions of the southern movements.According to all indicators Yemen turnrd into a federal state consisting of six regions, four of which are located in the north, and two - in the south. But at this time Southerners continue to express their dissatisfaction with the results of the Conference of the national dialogue, and still demand independence. In our view, the problems lie in the south that their leaders are not united. In the south there are different fractions that converge on a single goal, which is to obtain independence, but their opinions in a way to achieve this goal are different. These differences are not in favor of the South, they need to unite in order to convince the world of the justice of their demands. A central authority uses differences Southerners for their projects, at the same time demonstrating to the international community that the south is not able to be independent in these conditions. ; Рассматривается переходный процесс Йемена от республиканского режима к федеративному. Поднимаются проблемы, сопровождающие этот процесс. Постулируется отсутствие консенсуса между фракциями южных движений. ; Розглядається перехідний процес Ємену від республіканського режиму до федеративного.Піднімаються проблеми, що супроводжують цей процес. Постулюється відсутність консенсусу між фракціями південних рухів.

The study is aimed at studying the clinical and functional features of BA in young men of military age. Methods. A total of 346 men aged 16–28 years (mean age 18 ± 1.7) were examined. The examination protocol corresponded to the algorithm "Medical Examination of Young Men and Draftees with Bronchial Asthma" in 2008. All patients underwent a general clinical and specific allergological examination, a functional lung examination assessing the reversibility of bronchial obstruction. Results. The diagnosis of BA was confirmed in 283 patients, and newly diagnosed in 23 (8.1%) patients. The mild BA was identified in 277 (97.9%) young men. The majority of patients - 240 (84.8%) - were in the remission phase of the disease, and 5 (1.8%) of them had a sustained remission. Allergic BA was diagnosed in the absolute majority of the examined - 261 (92.2%) people, and predominantly mild intermittent BA in 209 patients (73.8%). Symptoms of allergic rhinitis were reported by 198 (70%) patients with allergic BA and 85 (30%) patients with mixed asthma. House dust, library dust were the most common allergens. 68.2% of patients had the burdened heredity of BA and/or atopy. Most of the examined (79.9%) showed no significant changes in the respiratory function, however, 172 (60.8%) patients showed positive results of the β2-agonist test. At the time of the examination, 56 (19.8%) patients received antiasthma basic therapy, the other used only bronchodilators. Replacement of short-acting bronchodilator monotherapy for a combination of above bronchodilator and inhaled corticosteroids as an adjuvant therapy for stage 1 or 2 GINA patients ensures the early and regular administration of the baseline drug and eliminates the problem of excessive dependence on fast-acting bronchodilators. Conclusion The allergic phenotype of the disease with a predominance of milder form dominates in adolescents with asthma. Treatment with a fixed combination of beclomethasone salbutamol 250 μg/100 μg (SabaComb®) can increase compliance, improve the efficacy of the therapy and reduce the risk of BA exacerbations. ; Цель – изучить клинико-функциональные особенности БА у молодых мужчин призывного возраста. Методы. Обследовано 346 мужчин в возрасте 16–28 лет (средний возраст 18 ± 1,7 лет). Протокол обследования соответствовал алгоритму «Медицинское освидетельствование юношей и призывников с бронхиальной астмой» 2008 г. Всем пациентам проведено общеклиническое и специфическое аллергологическое обследование, функциональное исследование легких с оценкой обратимости бронхиальной обструкции. Результаты. Диагноз БА был подтвержден у 283 пациентов, а 23 (8,1%) установлен впервые. У 277 (97,9%) юношей выявлена легкая степень БА. Большинство пациентов – 240 (84,8%) – находились в фазе ремиссии заболевания, у 5 (1,8%) ремиссия стойкая. У абсолютного большинства обследованных – 261 (92,2%) человек – БА была аллергической с преобладанием легкой интермиттирующей – 209 больных (73,8%). Симптомы аллергического ринита отмечали 198 (70%) пациентов с аллергической БА и 85 (30%) пациентов со смешанной формой астмы. Самыми распространенными аллергенами оказались домашняя пыль, библиотечная пыль. Отягощенную наследственность по БА и/или атопии имели 68,2%. У большинства обследованных (79,9%) не выявлено значимых изменений ФВД, однако, положительные результаты теста с β2-агонистом получены у 172 (60,8%) пациентов. На момент обследования противоастматическую базисную терапию получали 56 (19,8%) пациентов, остальные использовали лишь бронхолитики. Замена монотерапии бронхолитиком короткого действия комбинацией его с ИГКС в качестве вспомогательной терапии для пациентов на ступени 1 или 2 GINA обеспечивает раннее и регулярное введение базисного препарата и устраняет проблему чрезмерной зависимости от бронхолитиков быстрого действия. Заключение. У юношей, страдающих БА, доминирует аллергический фенотип заболевания с преобладанием легких форм. Лечение фиксированной комбинацией беклометазон/сальбутамол 250 мкг/100 мкг (СабаКомб®) может увеличить комплайнс, повысить эффективность терапии и снизить риск обострений БА.

In großen Wirtschaftsbeständen ersetzt dieses Nachschlagewerk/Arbeitsbuch Gerhard Frank: "Taschenwörterbuch für Geschäftsleute, Russisch-Deutsch ..." (ID 30/95). Im Anhang Listen russischer und deutscher Abkürzungen. - Je nach Bedarf gute Ergänzung der Langenscheidt-Fachwörterbücher "Langenscheidt-Routledge- Fachwörterbuch Kompakt Wirtschaft Englisch" (BA 10/03) und "Langenscheidt-Fachwörterbuch Kompakt Wirtschaft Französisch" (ID 13/08 unter Straub, Bernhard). (3 A)

The purpose of the article is to give a comparative analysis of the problems and achievements of the implementation of Bologna principles in higher education systems of the republics of Armenia and Belarus. Based on data from 2017–2019, a comparative study of the modernization of higher education systems of the two countries based on expert survey methods (experts are the administration and the teaching staff of universities), focus groups, content analysis of national media, statistics, and student surveys (only in Belarus), the authors identify the achieved successes and reveal unresolved problems in the process of implementing Bologna principles. It is shown that both countries formally ensured an equal access to higher education for their citizens, employment opportunities for graduates, participation of students and teachers in mobility processes; in both countries, a two-stage system of education and a system of transfer points, as well as a new pedagogical paradigm and competency-based approach have been introduced. At the same time, both countries are experiencing significant objective difficulties, associated primarily with insufficient state funding for higher education systems, inconsistencies between different levels of government, bureaucratization and inertia in the practical implementation of new approaches. Therefore, even with the formal implementation of the Bologna principles in Armenia, the national higher education system did not become a full-fledged participant in the European Higher Education Area. As for Belarus, its priorities remain the national principles of education, which define the boundaries of any educational reforms, including Bologna. ; Цель статьи – дать сравнительный анализ проблем, возникших в ходе выполнения болонских принципов в системах высшего образования (СВО) республик Армении и Беларуси. Опираясь на данные проведённого в 2017–2019 гг. сравнительного исследования модернизации систем высшего образования двух стран на основе методов экспертного опроса (эксперты – ...