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Aufholen nach Corona?: Maßnahmen der Länder im Kontext des Aktionsprogramms von Bund und Ländern
In: DDS Die Deutsche Schule Beiheft 19
Klappentext: Im Zentrum des vierten Beiheftes der DDS zum Thema "Schule und Corona" steht die Frage, wie das von Bund und Ländern beschlossene Aktionsprogramm "Aufholen nach Corona" in den Ländern bisher umgesetzt wurde. Auf der Grundlage von umfassenden Dokumentenanalysen und Expert*inneninterviews werden die von den Ländern geplanten Förder- und Unterstützungsmaßnahmen beschrieben und vergleichend ausgewertet. Der Aufbau flächendeckender Unterstützungsstrukturen ist für alle Länder mit konzeptionellen und praktischen Herausforderungen verbunden, die zudem noch durch einen chronischen Mangel an pädagogischem Personal massiv verschärft werden. Der Ländervergleich zeigt, wie unterschiedlich die Länder mit diesen Herausforderungen umgehen. Während einige Länder gut an vorhandenen Strukturen anknüpfen konnten, fehlt es in anderen Ländern weitgehend an einem den Zielsetzungen des Aktionsprogramms entsprechenden und in sich stimmigen Konzept. Besonders deutlich wird dies bei der Verteilung der Mittel an die Schulen. Hier steht eine zielgruppenorientierte Mittelzuweisung dem altbekannten Gießkannenprinzip gegenüber. Nichtsdestotrotz zeichnen sich auch wegweisende Ansätze für die kompensatorische Förderung von Schüler*innen ab, die künftig für den Abbau von Bildungsungleichheit auch jenseits von Corona genutzt werden können. Ergänzend werden in einem Beitrag von Armin Himmelrath die Aufholprogramme der EU-Länder in den Blick genommen und deren finanzielles Engagement für den Abbau von Lernrückständen verglichen.
Epäonnistumisen anatomia: Kuvaputkitehdas Valcon nousu ja tuho 1976-1980
In: Historiallinen arkisto
Valco (1976-1980) was a state-owned company that manufactured cathode ray tubes for the television industry. The company's scandalous failure has been widely identified as one of the largest investment errors in Finland's economic history. This book is the first in-depth study of the roots, events, and consequences of that project. This study analyses Valco from a microhistorical perspective, looking at the numerous factors that led to its failure, from the company's founding process to investigations after its demise. These events are linked to broader phenomena in economic and business history, such as the changing economic policy of the government and the emergence of global supply chains in the electronics industry. Valco is a significant single case with a concrete impact on Finland's economic history. First, it changed the general perception of state-owned companies and, because of this, also more general perceptions of the role of the state in the economy. As a result, the initiative to develop the electronics industry was transferred to private companies such as Nokia. Second, Valco's case revealed the problems of state ownership of companies in a very concrete way. Due to Valco's failure, the objectives of state ownership were clarified, and the corporate governance system was modernised. In this way, Valco is linked to the modernization of Finnish state capitalism from the 1970s onwards
Evolving the common agricultural policy for tomorrow's challenges
As in other parts of the world, agriculture in Europe is not sustainable. It must urgently and importantly evolve. The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) must foster this evolution. In that perspective, this book draws the contours of an ambitious CAP that would facilitate the necessary agro-ecological transition of agricultural systems in the European Union. The book is divided into three parts. The economic aspects are the subject of the first part. The climate, environmental and health dimensions are addressed in the second part. The third part deals with rural development and innovation. With the exception of the first chapter, which provides a brief history of the CAP, the different chapters are organized according to the same structure. They begin with a description of the issue; they continue with a critical presentation of how the issue has been considered within the CAP to date and, if relevant, in other public policies; they finally propose policy recommendations to better address the issue. Each chapter can be read independently. Even if the disciplines and skills mobilized cover a broad spectrum, the general framework of analysis is that of public economics. This reading key is used both to justify the objectives of the CAP and to define the policy instruments to be implemented in order to achieve these objectives in the most efficient way. The concluding chapter addresses three aspects: first, an analysis of the global coherence of our recommendations, including in terms of their links with other policies than the CAP; second, a critical reading of the June 2021 agreement for the 2023-2027 CAP in the light of our recommendations; third, a reading of our recommendations in the light of the ambition of the European Green Deal for agriculture and food. This book is aimed at all actors interested in the future of the CAP and more generally of agriculture in the European Union: policy makers, agricultural stakeholders, non-governmental organizations, researchers, teachers and students