Početak razvoja Kliničkoga bolničkog centra u Osijeku vezanje uz Huttler Kohlhoffer Monspergerovu zakladnu bolnicu, osnovanu 1874. godine, koja je tada bila najmodernija bolnica na jugoistoku Europe. Naredbom Vlade 1895. godine postaje "Sveobća i javna Huttler Kohlhoffer-Monspergerova zakladna bolnica pod Zemaljskom upravom u Osieku". U vrijeme Prvoga svjetskog rata Zakladna bolnica skrbi o ranjenima i bolesnima. Poslije Prvoga svjetskog rata otvaraju se novi bolnički odjeli. Osim Kirurgije i Interne medicine, novi su odjeli Oftalmologija, Otorinolaringologija, Dermatovenerologija, Epidemiološkohigijenski zavod i Dispanzer za tuberkulozu. Daljnji razvoj prekinuo je Drugi svjetski rat. U teškim prilikama razvijen je poseban način medicinskoga rada, osobito u pogledu zbrinjavanja ranjenika i bolesnika, poduzimanja protuepidemijskih mjera, medicinskog opskrbljivanja i si. Nakon Drugoga svjetskog rata obnavlja se Opća bolnica Osijek i započinje moderan ustroj kao temelj razvoja buduće kliničke bolnice. U razdoblju 1980. - 1990. godine provode se stručna usavršavanja na svim područjima, objavljuju se brojni znanstveni i stručni radovi, razvija izdavačka djelatnost, što pridonosi stvaranju obrazovno nastavne djelatnosti i znanstveno-istraživačkoga rada. Posebno treba istaknuti razdoblje Domovinskoga rata u kojem je bolnica časno izvršila sve svoje zadaće u liječenju ranjenih i bolesnih. Stoga joj je dodijeljena nagrada "Medicina . Godine 1992. stekla je naslov Klinička bolnica Osijek. Daljnjim razvojem, izgradnjom, opremanjem i napredovanjem djelatnika u znanstvena, nastavna, znanstveno nastavna i stručna zvanja, 2009. godine postaje Klinički bolnički centar. Klinike i odjeli Kliničkoga bolničkog centra u Osijeku nastavna su baza Medicinskoga fakulteta Sveučilišta J. J. Strossmayera u Osijeku. ; Beginnings of the University Hospital Centre in Osijek were related to Huttler Kohlhoffer Monsperger Foundation Hospital, which was founded in 1874 and was the most modern hospital in the south-east Europe at the time. By the Government legislation in 1895 it became "General and public Huttler Kohlhoffer Monsperger Foundation Hospital under Country's management in Osiek". Foundation hospital was taking care of the wounded and sick during the World War 1. New hospital departments were opened after the World War I. Apart from Surgery and Internal Department; new departments were Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology, Dermatovenereology, Epidemiological and Hygienic Institute and Tuberculosis Clinic. Further development was interrupted by the World War II. A special way of performing medical work developed in those hard times, especially regarding taking care of the wounded and sick, taking epidemic precaution measures, medical supplying, etc. After the World War II General Hospital Osijek was renovated and modern organization began, which was a basis for development of the future university hospital. In the period 1980 - 1990 professional educations in all areas were implemented, many scientific and professional papers were published, publishing developed, what contributed to creating educational and teaching activities, as well as scientific and research work. Period of the War for Croatian Independence, in which the hospital honourably performed all its duties regarding treating wounded and sick, especially needs to be pointed out. For those activities it was rewarded with "Medicine" reward. In 1992 it became University Hospital Osijek. By further development, construction, and equipment and by promoting its employees to scientific, teaching, scientific teaching and professional titles, it became University Hospital Centre in 2009. Clinics and Departments of the University Hospital Centre in Osijek are the teaching base of the Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek.
Uvod: U Republici Hrvatskoj zakon ne predviđa darovanje organa nakon cirkulacijske smrti iako je ono često u pojedinim drugim državama. Cilj: utvrditi koliko je mogućih darovatelja bubrega nakon cirkulacijske smrti bilo u jednogodišnjem razdoblju (2012.) u Kliničkome bolničkom centru Osijek (KBCO). Nacrt istraživanja: presječno istraživanje. Ispitanici i postupci: ispitanici su bili preminule osobe (N=1652) primljene na Zavod za patologiju KBCO tijekom 2012. Procjenjivalo se zadovoljavaju li Maastrichtske kriterije za darovanje organa nakon cirkulacijske smrti. Podaci su preuzeti iz medicinske dokumentacije i statistički obrađeni u SPSS-u. Rezultati: Maastrichtske kriterije zadovoljilo je 215 ispitanika (13 %), 53 od tih ispitanika isključeno je zbog kontraindikacija za transplantaciju (TX), te je konačan broj mogućih darovatelja bio 162 (10 %). Medijan dobi bio je 72 godine (42-91), a 83 od 162 (51 %) bilo je muškoga spola. Najčešći su uzroci smrti srčanožilne bolesti (78 %), a najviše mogućih darovatelja nakon cirkulacijske smrti preminulo je na Klinici za internu medicinu (42 %). Najčešće zadovoljeni Maastrichtski kriterij je bio drugi (88 %, neuspješna reanimacija). Nije utvrđena statistički značajna udruženost pojedinih Maastrichtskih kriterija sa spolom niti s dobi. U značajno ranijoj životnoj dobi preminuli su muški ispitanici. Zaključak: broj mogućih darovatelja bubrega nakon cirkulacijske smrti tijekom godine dana u KBCO bio je 162. Mogućnost darovanja nakon cirkulacijske smrti mogla bi povećati broj mogućih darovatelja bubrežnih presadaka i još više poboljšati uspjeh TX u Republici Hrvatskoj. Na razini KBCO može se reći da bi se broj TX s mogućim darovateljima mogao povećati i do 27 puta (otprilike je aktualno 12 TX godišnje, uz mogućnost po dvije bubrežne TX od jednoga darovatelja), premda bi vjerojatno manje tih darovatelja bilo i ostvareno, s obzirom na njihovu stariju životnu dob te moguće protivljenje obitelji darovanju organa. ; Introduction: In the Republic of Croatia organ donation after circulatory death (DCD) is not regulated by law, although this practice is well represented in some other countries. Goal of the research: To determine how many potential donors after circulatory death were eligible during the one-year period (2012) at University Hospital Centre Osijek (UHCO). Study design: cross-sectional study. Examinees and methods: The examinees included 1652 deceased persons who were admitted to the Department of Pathology of the UHCO during 2012. They were assessed for meeting the Maastricht criteria for organ DCD. Data were taken from medical documentation and statistically analyzed by SPSS. Results: 215 examinees met the Maastricht criteria (13 %), 53 of them were excluded due to the contraindications for donation, thus the final number of potential DCD was 162 (10 %). The median age was 72 years (range 42-91), and 83 (51 %) of 162 were males. The most common causes of death were cardiovascular diseases (78 %), and the highest number of potential DCD died at the Department of Internal Medicine (42 %). The most commonly met Maastricht criterion was the criterion 2 (88 %, unsuccessful resuscitation). Only one examinee met Maastricht criteria 1. Statistically significant association of particular Maastricht criteria with sex or age was not found. The examinees of male gender died at an earlier age. Conclusion: the number of potential DCD in a single year at the UHCO was 162, of which 161 were for kidney donation. Transplantation (TX) from DCD would increase the number of potential donor kidney transplants and further enhance the success of TX in Croatia. At the level of UHCO the number of kidney TX with those donors could increase up to 27 times (considering 12 kidney TX annually so far and 2 possible kidneys from a single DCD), although in reality probably less of those DCD would be realized, due to their old age and possibility of their families refusing the organ donation.
Iako intervencijska kardiologija u Hrvatskoj unatrag dvaju desetljeća bilježi napredak, ne nalazimo analizu broja intervencijskih kardioloških zahvata na nacionalnoj razini. Cilj je rada bila analiza broja koronarnih angiografija (CA) i perkutanih koronarnih intervencija (PCI) u razdoblju od 2010. do 2014. godine. Analizirani su dijagnostičko-terapijski postupci iz računa hospitaliziranih bolesnika u Hrvatskoj koji se odnose na CA i PCI u 13 hrvatskih centara. U promatranom je razdoblju prosječna stopa CA bila 4390 na milijun stanovnika godišnje uz porast od 8,5 % u promatranom razdoblju. Prosječna stopa PCI-ja bila je 2208 uz porast od 15 %. Omjer PCI/CA porastao je s 0,48 na 0,52. Od 47 470 PCI-ja učinjenih u Hrvatskoj od 2010. do 2014. godine 18,6 % učinjeno je u Klinici za kardiovaskularne bolesti Magdalena, 13,8 % u Kliničkom bolničkom centru (KBC) Zagreb, 11,9 % u KBC-u Rijeka i 11,3 % u Kliničkojbolnici Dubrava, dok su ostali centri imali udjele manje od 10 %. Prema broju PCI-ja, sedam hrvatskihcentara (54 %) ubrajamo u velike centre, a četiri (30,7 %) među srednje velike centre. Opća bolnica Dubrovnikod 2013. godine ima dovoljan godišnji broj PCI-ja (> 200), dok Opća bolnica Karlovac radi samo CA. Rezultati upućuju na izniman uspjeh hrvatske intervencijske kardiologije u zadnja dva desetljeća. Hrvatska je 2010. godine imala višu stopu PCI-ja od prosjeka članica Organizacije za ekonomsku suradnju i razvoj (OECD) i 21 zemlje članice Europske unije i veći prosječan godišnji rast (26,8 %) od svih analiziranih zemlja, osim Rumunjske. Stopa PCI-ja bila je viša od većine europskih zemalja, osim Njemačke, Belgije, Austrije i Norveške. Za daljnju analizu uspješnosti intervencijskih zahvata i planiranje daljnjeg razvoja nužno je formiranje unificiranoga Hrvatskog registra kardioloških procedura. ; Although there has been progress in interventional cardiology in Croatia over the last two decades, there has been no analysis of interventional cardiologic procedures at the national level. The aim of this article was to analyze of the number of coronary angiographies (CA) and percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) in the period from 2010 to 2014. Diagnostic and treatment procedures were analyzed based on the CA and PCI hospital claims of Croatian patients in 13 Croatian centers. The average rate of CA in the observed period was 4 390 per million population annually, with a growth of 8.5% over the observed period. The average rate of PCI was 2 208 with an increase of 15%. The PCI/CA ratio grew from 0.48 to 0.52. Of the 47 470 PCI procedures performed in Croatia between 2010 and 2014, 18.6% were performed in the Magdalena Special Hospital for Cardiovascular Surgery and Cardiology, 13.8% in the University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 11.9% in the University Hospital Centre Rijeka, and 11.3% in the University Hospital Dubrava, while other centers had shares below 10%. Based on PCI numbers, 7 Croatian centers (54%) can be classified as high volume centers, and 4 (30.7%) as medium volume centers. The Dubrovnik General Hospital since 2013 had a sufficient annual number of PCIs (>200), while the Karlovac General Hospital only performed CA. Results indicate that Croatian interventional cardiology has achieved a great success over the last two decades: in 2010, Croatia already had an above average rate of PCIs compared with the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development and 21 countries of the European Union, as well as a larger annual growth (26.8%) than all analyzed countries except Romania. PCI rates were higher than most European countries except Germany, Belgium, Austria, and Norway. Further analysis of the success of interventional procedures and further development plans require the formation of a unified Croatian Registry of Cardiologic Procedures.
The impact of the thought of political scientist/philosopher John Rawls on Croatian political science in general, & the department of political science at the U of Zagreb in particular, is commemorated with this overview of the significance of Rawls's writings on justice, tolerance, & the spirit of pluralism as part of a conference held at the university on 7-8 Mar 2003. The effect of Rawls's Theory of Justice on Croatian political philosophy is as great as that of Hobbes's Leviathan & Rousseau's Social Contract. Rawls is commended for his wisdom & call for tolerance, a value in short supply both in recent Eastern European & American history. A. Siegel
U članku su obrađeni oni radovi povjesničara, svećenika i sveučilišnog profesora Karla Horvata (1874–1920) koji se odnose na hrvatsku povijest ranoga novog vijeka. Naglasak je stavljen na Horvatove članke i monografije o razdoblju hrvatske povijesti od 16. do 18. stoljeća. Ti radovi nastali su na temelju arhivskih dokumenata pohranjenih u europskim arhivima, koje je Horvat priredio i objavio na hrvatskom jeziku, čime je ostavio značajan doprinos za daljnje proučavanje tog dijela hrvatske prošlosti. ; This article deals with those works of a historian, priest and university professor Karlo Horvat (1874–1920) that refer to the Croatian history of the early modern age. It focuses on Horvat's articles and monographs about the period of Croatian history from the 16th to the 18th century. Those works were based on archive documents stored in European archives, which Horvat prepared and published in the Croatian language, leaving a significant contribution for further studies of that part of the Croatian past.
Studies in the History of Geodesy and Cartography in Bulgaria was published by the University of Forestry, and printed by the Military Geographic Service in Bulgaria in Bulgarian language in 2013. Two years later, the book was translated into English by Meglena Bazhdarova and published with the sponsorship of the Chamber of Graduate Surveyors and Military Geographic Service at the Ministry of Defence. The English version did not include two chapters from the Bulgarian edition: chapter XIV "The Cadastre Abroad and in Bulgaria – Introduction and Development from 1878 to 1944" and chapter XV "Vertical Planning – History and Development in Bulgaria". ; Studije iz povijesti geodezije i kartografije u Bugarskoj objavilo je Šumarsko sveučilište, a tiskala Vojna geografska služba u Bugarskoj na bugarskom jeziku 2013. godine. Dvije godine kasnije knjigu je na engleski prevela Meglena Baždarova, a sponzori su bili Komora diplomiranih inženjera geodezije i Vojna geografska služba u Ministarstvu obrane. Engleska verzija ne sadrži dva poglavlja iz bugarskog izdanja: poglavlje XIV "Katastar u inozemstvu i u Bugarskoj – uvod i razvoj od 1878. do 1944." i poglavlje XV "Visinsko planiranje – povijest i razvoj u Bugarskoj".
Studije iz povijesti geodezije i kartografije u Bugarskoj objavilo je Šumarsko sveučilište, a tiskala Vojna geografska služba u Bugarskoj na bugarskom jeziku 2013. godine. Dvije godine kasnije knjigu je na engleski prevela Meglena Baždarova, a sponzori su bili Komora diplomiranih inženjera geodezije i Vojna geografska služba u Ministarstvu obrane. Engleska verzija ne sadrži dva poglavlja iz bugarskog izdanja: poglavlje XIV "Katastar u inozemstvu i u Bugarskoj – uvod i razvoj od 1878. do 1944." i poglavlje XV "Visinsko planiranje – povijest i razvoj u Bugarskoj". ; Studies in the History of Geodesy and Cartography in Bulgaria was published by the University of Forestry, and printed by the Military Geographic Service in Bulgaria in Bulgarian language in 2013. Two years later, the book was translated into English by Meglena Bazhdarova and published with the sponsorship of the Chamber of Graduate Surveyors and Military Geographic Service at the Ministry of Defence. The English version did not include two chapters from the Bulgarian edition: chapter XIV "The Cadastre Abroad and in Bulgaria – Introduction and Development from 1878 to 1944" and chapter XV "Vertical Planning – History and Development in Bulgaria".
The Ministry of Science of the Republic of Croatia decided on a new Rule Book of Definition of Scientific Areas. According to the book, Politology is a scientific field in the area of social science. It is divided into 3 branches: (1) Politology, (2) Theory and History of Politics, & (3) Political Philosophy. By using documents, the author of this article shows how political science is differently structured by IPSA & APSA. The author describes 120 years of dominantly American development of political science & of professions of political scientists, which brought out a recent new world standard with around 100 subdisciplines & areas of expertise that are structured in 8 fundamental disciplines: (1) Political Institutions, (2) Political Behavior, (3) Comparative Politics, (4) International Relations, (5) Political Theory, (6) Public Policy & Public Administration/Management, (7) Political Economy, & (8) Political Methodology. The author points out that a voluntaristic intervention in the definition of scientific areas could mean an attack on the development of science, research organization, renewal of teaching staff at the university, & academic education of political scientists, as well as internationally comparable competence of Croatian experts & Croatian democratic political thought & political culture in general. 133 References. Adapted from the source document.
Mithad Kozličić is a historian of navigation and geography. He was born in Zenica on April 14, 1954. He finished the Military Maritime Academy in Split, nautical orientation in 1978, and received his MSc in history in Dubrovnik in 1985. He received PhD in historical sciences at the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences in Zagreb in 1988 with the dissertation Historical Geography of the Eastern Adriatic in Light of Results of Researching Antique Geographic Work. He was assistant director and custodian of the Military Maritime Museum in Split until 1991, after which he was the director of the Croatian Maritime Museum in Split. He has been a professor at the Department o History of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences in Zadar and the University of Zadar. In 2005, he became a permanent full professor of humanistic sciences, scientific field of history, branch Croatian history. He lectures History of Navigation in the Croatian Adriatic, Historical Geography and History of Cartography. He initiated and led postgraduate scientific master and doctoral studies History of Croatian Navigation at the same Faculty. He led several scientific-research projects on the history of Eastern Adriatic navigation. Professor Kozličić's scientific research concerns history of navigation and cartography and historical geography of the Eastern Adriatic. He published a dozen scientific books and more than 100 studies and articles. He participated in numerous domestic and international conferences and prepared several museum exhibitions. After a long research of map collections in Croatian and foreign archives, museums and libraries, he published Atlas – Cartographic Monuments of the Croatian Adriatic in 1995. It contains a concise overview of cartographic representations of the Croatian Adriatic from the antique to the end of the 17th century, with analyses of 275 maps, plans and views by 53 authors. Special attention is paid to older cartographic material and one intended for navigation, and charts by 12 cartographers produced between the beginning of the 13th century and the end of the 16th century are researched. The central chapter is dedicated to numerous cartographers and their perception of the Croatian Adriatic. The book contains basic map data, including toponymy, name of the collection and scientific and expert commentary. A list of bibliographic units and a terminology index can be found at the end. We would like to single out Professor Kozličić's monographs Panoramas of Dalmatia by Giuseppe Rieger, published by the Hydrographic Institute of the Republic of Croatia, Split 2003, Regiones Flumina Unnae et Sanae in Veteribus Tabulis Geographicis, Una-Sana Area on Old Geographic Maps, published by the National and University Library of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo and the Una-Sana Canton Archive, Bihać, 2003 and Eastern Adriatic in Work of Beautemps-Beaupré, published in 2006. Prof. Dr. Mithad Kozličić is a member of several expert societies, including the Croatian Cartographic Society, in which he was a member of the Court of Honour for several years. He received several awards and acknowledgments and this year became a member of the Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina ("a member outside of working team" – citizen of Bosnia and Herzegovina living abroad).Congratulations! ; Mithad Kozličić je povjesničar pomorstva i geografije. Rođen je 14. travnja 1954. u Zenici. U Splitu je završio Vojnopomorsku akademiju, diplomiravši na nautičkom smjeru 1978, a magistrirao povijest u Dubrovniku 1985. Doktorirao je povijesne znanosti 1988. na Filozofskom fakultetu u Zagrebu s disertacijom Historijska geografija istočnog Jadrana u svjetlu rezultata istraživanja antičkih geografskih djela. Pomoćnik ravnatelja i kustos u Vojnopomorskom muzeju u Splitu bio je do 1991, a nakon toga ravnatelj Hrvatskog pomorskog muzeja u Splitu. Od 1994. profesor je u Odjelu za povijest Filozofskog fakulteta u Zadru, odnosno Sveučilišta u Zadru. Odlukom toga Sveučilišta 2005. izabran je u redovitog profesora u trajnom zvanju za znanstveno područje humanističkih znanosti, znanstveno polje povijest, grana hrvatska povijest. Predaje kolegije Povijest pomorstva hrvatskog Jadrana, Povijesni zemljopis i Povijest kartografije. Utemeljitelj je i voditelj poslijediplomskih znanstvenih magistarskih i doktorskih studija Povijest hrvatskog pomorstva na istom fakultetu. Voditelj je nekoliko znanstveno-istraživačkih projekata iz povijesti istočnojadranskog pomorstva. Znanstveno istražuje povijest pomorstva, povijest kartografije i historijsku geografiju istočnog Jadrana. Objavio je desetak znanstvenih knjiga te više od stotinjak studija i čla-naka. Sudjelovao je na mnogobrojnim domaćim i inozemnim znanstvenim skupovima. Priredio je nekoliko muzejskih izložbi. Nakon višegodišnjih istraživanja po kartografskim zbirkama hrvatskih i stranih arhiva, muzeja i knjižnica objavio je 1995. Atlas – kartografski spomenici hrvatskog Jadrana. Sadrži sažeti pregled kartografskog prikazivanja hrvatskog Jadranskog mora od antike do kraja 17. stoljeća, obrađeno je 275 karata, planova i veduta 53 autora. Osobito je pozornost dana starijoj kartografskoj građi te onoj za plovidbu, a istražene su plovidbene karte 12 kartografa koje su nastale od početka 13. do kraja 16. stoljeća. Središnje poglavlje posvećeno je brojnim kartografima i njihovu viđenju hrvatskoga Jadrana. Knjiga sadrži osnovne podatke o kartama, uključujući prikaz toponimije, naziv zbirke u kojoj se čuvaju te znanstveni i stručni komentar. Na kraju je popis bibliografskih jedinica i indeks nazivlja s proučenih karata. Posebno izdavajmo monografije Panorame Dalmacije Giuseppea Riegera u izdanju Hrvatskoga hidrografskog instituta, Split 2003., Regiones Flumina Unnae et Sanae in Veteribus Tabulis Geographicis, Unsko-sansko područje na starim geografskim kartama u izdanju Nacionalne i univerzitetske biblioteke BiH, Sarajevo i Arhiva Unsko-sanskog kantona, Bihać, 2003. i Istočni Jadran u djelu Beautemps-Beaupréa, objavljena 2006. Prof. dr. sc. Mithad Kozličić član je nekoliko stručnih društava, među kojima je i Hrvatsko kartografsko društvo u kojemu je više godina bio član Suda časti. Dobitnik je nekoliko nagrada i priznanja, a ove godine izabran je za člana Akademije nauka i umjetnosti BiH ("član van radnog sastava" – državljanin BiH koji živi u inostranstvu/inozemstvu).Čestitamo!
The Manuscript Legacy of Miroslav Krleža, filed in the Manuscripts and Old Books Collection of the National and University Library in Zagreb under a unique shelf number R 7970, includes two letters which Ivan Supek addressed to Krleža in 1954. The first letter was sent on 1 March, accompanied by an "Open Letter to the Assembly of the Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts (JAZU)," which the Council of the Ruđer Bošković Institute of Physics dated 26 February 1954. The second letter Supek addressed to Krleža on 13 May 1954, and as far as we know, it marked the end of their correspondence in 1954. The Legacy of Ivan Supek, in family possession, contains an official letter dated 5 May 1954, by which Miroslav Krleža, acting as vice-president of the Academy at the time, informs Ivan Supek about two decisions passed at the informal session of the Assembly of the Yugoslav Academy on 29 April 1954; in his intellectual autobiography entitled Krivovjernik na ljevici [Heretic on the Left], Supek cites but a single characteristic fragment of that letter. For the first time a full text of these four documents is published here in my transcription which most faithfully follows the original without any interventions in terms of either punctuation or devices used for emphasis. The Open Letter of the Council of the Ruđer Bošković Institute to the Assembly of the Yugoslav Academy includes a host of hitherto unknown data on the Institute's first four years of development, as it closely documents the chronology of the conflict between the Institute's Council and the Presidency of the Yugoslav Academy from 1950 till 1953, at the root of which was the decision making on the development of the Institute. As Council president, Ivan Supek made huge efforts to reconcile "two different tendencies of development," first by drawing up a Temporary Statute of the Institute in 1952, and later, in the spring of 1953, by making a proposition to the University Senate and the Presidency of the Yugoslav Academy by which "the Academy and University should collaborate at the Ruđer Bošković Institute on common goals." Since the draft of the Institute's Statute at the turn of 1953 to 1954 had stood at a standstill for three months, the Institute's Council decided to send an Open Letter to the Assembly of the Yugoslav Academy with a counter-proposition by which "the Academy Statute should be changed in accordance with scientific development in our country." From the perspective of Ivan Supek, that is, "us physicists," the Institute's successful development was to rest on its self-governance and organic connection with the University, but the Academy's administration was not willing to consider such a formally-based legal framework of the Institute's operation within its system. The Open Letter emerged during a heated debate on the organisation of scientific work in Croatia and Yugoslavia. Academic circles could not reconcile with the fact that, according to the Soviet model, the research work would be organised exclusively at the academies. From this standpoint, the topics of the Open Letter reverberate two strong voices: the addresses of the Nobel Prize winner Lavoslav Ružička during his visits to Yugoslavia in November 1949 and October 1952, and a speech that Ivan Supek delivered on 22 January 1953 at a meeting of the Department of the Mathematics and Physics at the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of the Zagreb University, published in the March issue of Pogledi. While Ružička firmly stated that the "University ought to be a supreme place for higher education and for the fundamental research in the field of pure and applied science, and a unique place for the attainment of academic degrees," in the interest of the Institute Supek publicly advocated for "a harmonic community of University and Academy," although deep at heart he shared Ružička's views. In the letter of 1 March 1954, Ivan Supek appealed to Miroslav Krleža, vicepresident and Communist Party secretary of the Academy, to help him untangle the relations between the Institute and JAZU, and whom he wished to address in person and elaborate the motives behind the Open Letter. Judging by the events that followed, Supek's attempt proved futile. In the absence of Andrija Štampar, Academy president, Krleža, acting as vicepresident, on 5 May 1954 sent an official letter to Supek concerning the decisions of the informal session of the Academy Assembly held on 29 April 1954. From this letter alone we can learn that the Academy Assembly established 23 March 1954 as termination date of Supek's Academy membership on the basis of his letter on the renouncement of membership, but also that on 29 April 1954 an additional penalty was issued against Supek: that "he disqualified himself for any work at the Academy or collaboration with it." Nevertheless, he retained his leading position at the greatest institute within the Yugoslav Academy. In a letter dated 13 May 1954, Supek asked Krleža to send him the minutes of the Commission which the formal Academy Assembly of 16 March 1954 appointed with an aim to establish his responsibility for the Open Letter, so that he could finally learn "the reasons underlying the accusation against me. The consequences which I may suffer are not an issue here, but it is in the Academy's interest to establish the truth, along with the true motives for drawing up an Open Letter." Here he expressed his disappointment by the fact "that some places [from the Open Letter] were understood as offences, and that they actually distracted discussion away from the principal issues," but insisted on the key point from the Open Letter "that for the selfgovernance of the Institute and its organic connection with the University a change of the Academy Statute was necessary." In the spring of 1954, the Yugoslav Academy headed by Andrija Štampar definitely gave up on the concept of an inter-disciplinary research institute, although under the pressure of the 'young lions' from its largest institute, and in accordance with the Soviet model and the original ideas and decisions of Boris Kidrič (died on 11 April 1953), had an opportunity to take this path in its own development, too. Upon the Assembly's 'reply' to the Institute Council, the concept of multi- and inter-disciplinary approach to fundamental research in natural sciences in organic connection with the University as development model for the Ruđer Bošković Institute faced new risks, including those of political nature, but the research community gathered at the Institute, despite the circumstances, managed to live its 'dream' of self-governance and development in harmony with the University, as confirmed by a decision on the new organisation of the Institute passed on 7 September 1954. This step in the Institute's development was also approved by the Republic government, when on 22 November 1954, in agreement with the Yugoslav Academy, it decided that as from 1 January 1955 the Institute was no longer part of the Yugoslav Academy. Five months after the Republic's decision, another step towards the Institute's lasting 'independence' took place, when by a decision of the Federal Government of 30 April 1955 the Institute as a "self-financed institution" came under the authority of the Federal Nuclear Energy Commission headed by Aleksandar Ranković, and in this formally legal frame operated for eleven years – until Ranković's political downfall on 1 July 1966. Miroslav Krleža, to whom in the crucial days of early March 1954 Ivan Supek offered a mediating role, as a highly-positioned Academy member failed to see this historical opportunity to support the development of natural sciences in Croatia in a new direction, perhaps less exposed to political pressure. Ivan Supek and Mladen Paić, who on different legal grounds by 29 April 1954 no longer were correspondent members of JAZU, seven years later–on 16 June 1961–were elected full members, which is a unique case in the history of the Yugoslav Academy.
Within the last twenty or so years a lot has changed in bioethics that is worthy of a serious re-writing of its history. Namely, up to the end of the 20th century Anglo-American "biomedical ethics" (often borrowing the name "bioethics" coined by V. R. Potter but deliberately ignoring Potter's concept), launched from Georgetown University and narrowed down to four principles, was a globally predominant doctrine, propagated by the Kennedy Institute of Ethics, its students, financial resources, and political power. Up to then, most of Europe had been very slowly accepting the notion of "bioethics", perceiving it correctly as an unnecessary American "import", while attempts to Europeanise the idea by revising the set of principles had not proven to be particularly successful. With the discovery of the work of Fritz Jahr in 1997, however, European bioethics regained its lost genealogy and found the courage to claim respect for values other than the American ones. Within the bioethics defined by the Jahrian "Imperative", a place could have been found not only for the colourful, philosophical, religious and cultural legacy of Europe, but also for the newly evaluated Potter's work. This "fusion", a substantial and methodological deepening and broadening of the discipline, soon revealed its attractiveness to Latin-American and Asian centres and individuals also. Today we can talk with certainty about the end of "bioethics in Europe" and the beginning of "European bioethics" with all the complexity and interdependence of its variations – Mediterranean, German, French, Central and Eastern European, and others. By finding similarities among them, we might eliminate fear from "insurmountable" moral relativism, but also avoid the mistake of understanding global bioethics as a list of national bioethics. For the sake of constructing a more "universal bioethics", this paper finds the ideas of Fritz Jahr, Van Rensselaer Potter, Diego Gracia Guillén, and integrative bioethics as promoted by several Southeast-European authors, as ...
Sveučilišni profesor upravnog prava, političar, šekspirolog i esejist Vinko Krišković (Senj, 1861. – Zürich, 1952.) u više svojih djela s temama iz filozofije politike zagovara liberalizam na fonu engleskih autora i engleske političke prakse. Krišković je razmjerno slabo prisutan u hrvatskoj političkoj i intelektualnoj povijesti, među ostalim i zbog toga što nije pristajao niti uz jednu političku opciju djelatnu u Hrvatskoj dvadesetih, tridesetih, četrdesetih i pedesetih godina prošlog stoljeća (integralno jugoslavenstvo, haesesovski populizam, totalitarno ustaštvo, jugoslavenski komunizam). Autor sugerira mogući odgovor na pitanje - u kolikoj mjeri on argumente za otpor ovim opcijama i nepristajanje uz njih nalazi u filozofiji, i je li Kriškovićev slučaj u nekoj mjeri relevantan i za aktualne probleme i prijepore. ; Professor of administrative law at the University of Zagreb, politician, essayist and first Croatian member of the Royal Shakespeare Society Vinko Krišković (Senj 1861 - Zurich 1952) dealt in some of his works with the topic of political philosophy. He was an advocate of liberal positions inspired by English authors and English political practice. Krišković is relatively unknown in the Croatian political and intellectual history, i.a. because he opposed all the political options present in Yugoslavia and Croatia in the first half of the 19th century (integral Yugoslavism, Peasant Party populism, totalitarian Ustasha movement, Yugoslav Communism). The author offers possible answers to the questions to what extent did Krišković find the arguments needed to resist these political options in philosophy and whether his case is in any measure relevant for the current issues and controversies.
Pokrovčeva knjiga Slobodno stvaranje prava: Herman U. Kantorowicz i slobodnopravni pokret (2018) nameće pitanje izraženo naslovom ovog rada na koje rad odgovara u tri koraka: prvo, pretpostavkom da je pitanje odgovorivo samo idealnim tipovima pravnih disciplina / funkcija; drugo, upućivanjem na kontekst Kantorowiczevih gledišta, osobito na objavu presuda; treće, ocjenom da je Kantorowicz podijelio pravnu znanost u prepletene funkcije a ne u odvojene discipline. U tu svrhu rad nudi idealne tipove disciplina i funkcija pravne dogmatike, pravne historije, pravne teorije i, kao najsloženiji i najkorisniji skup funkcija, pravnopolitičku analizu. Pretpostavka je, koja se ne dokazuje, da ne postoji ni oštra granica između pravne znanosti i susjednih znanosti: sociologije, ekonomije, psihologije, filozofije. ; Is Herman U. Kantorowicz's classification of legal disciplines - which includes general legal science, legal dogmatics, legal history, sociology of law, philosophy of law, and legal policy - a division of scholarly knowledge of law into distinct disciplines/sciences or into intertwined functions of a single scholarly discipline/science? The question is prompted by the book written by Zoran Pokrovac entitled Slobodno stvaranje prava: Hermann U. Kantorowicz i slobodnopravni pokret (Free Law: Hermann U. Kantorowicz and the Free Law Movement ) and published by "Breza" and the Faculty of Law of the University of Split in 2018. Answering this question may assist Croatian legal scholars in finding standards of scholarly excellence, especially of research de lege ferenda. This paper offers an answer in three steps. The first is the recognition that scholarly practices differ considerably, which means that the question may be answered only by construing and correlating ideal types of legal disciplines / functions that are compatible with Kantorowicz's general ideas, prominent interpretations of legal scholarship, and Croatian mainstream legal scholarship since. The second step provides a context of Kantorowicz's ...
Uvod: O povijesti sestrinstva u Karlovcu i podacima o školovanju i radu medicinskih sestara ima vrlo malo objavljenih radova. Većinom su ti radovi sastavni dio monografije bolnice i/ili organizacijskih jedinica zdravstvenih ustanova. Analizom pronađene povijesne građe u ovom radu pokušala se učiniti rekonstrukcija života, školovanja i rada medicinske sestre Sofije (Sonje) Škrobe. Metode: Polazište za izradu rada bili su dokumenti pohranjeni u pismohrani Opće bolnice Karlovac, arhivskim fondovima i zbirkama Hrvatskog državnog arhiva (HDA) i usmeno svjedočanstvo kćeri Sofije (Sonje) Škrobe. Kao dopuna ovim izvorima korišteni su do sada objavljeni radovi. Rezultati: Sofija (Sonja) Škrobe rođena je 8. veljače 1919. godine u Krasici. Završila je četiri razreda realne građanske škole u Karlovcu, dvije godine učiteljske domaćinske škole u Zagrebu i u doba punoljetnosti upisala i završila Školu za nudilje u Beogradu. Nakon položene službene prisege, dekretima nadležnih Ministarstava zdravstva i Oblasnih Narodnih odbora šalju je na rad na različita mjesta. Radila je u Zavodu za suzbijanje endemijskog sifilisa u Banjaluci, u Državnom domu za malu djecu u Zagrebu, Domu narodnog zdravlja u Karlovcu, Državnim dječjim kolonijama u Virju i Splitu, Antituberkuloznom dispanzeru u Dubrovniku te u Kotarskoj zdravstvenoj stanici u Karlovcu. Posljednjih deset godina prije umirovljenja radila je kao patronažna sestra u Karlovcu. Prema obrađenoj građi možemo pretpostaviti da je Sofija Škrobe prva civilna školovana medicinska sestra u Karlovcu. Umrla je u Karlovcu 28. listopada 2002. godine. Zaključak: Uvidom u dosje Sofije Škrobe možemo pratiti njezin profesionalni put po mnogim zdravstvenim ustanovama sukladno tadašnjoj socijalno-zdravstvenoj politici. Istovremeno se dobio uvid u zdravstvena, socijalna i politička zbivanja u državama opisanog vremena. Medicinske su sestre zajedno s liječnicima obilazile pacijente po kućama i/ili pružale skrb u pokretnim ambulantama. Provodile su aktivnosti usmjerene na suzbijanje i liječenje, kroničnih i zaraznih bolesti, podizale nivo higijene kod stanovništva i provodile zdravstveno prosvjećivanje ljudi. Razvidno je koliko je taj rad tražio osobnih odricanja, bio popraćen teškim radnim uvjetima rijetko uzimajući u obzir privatni život zdravstvenih djelatnika. U radu su navedena mnoga imena i dokumenti koji mogu poslužiti kao poticaj na daljnja istraživanja ili kao dopuna i/ili korekcija ovom radu. ; Introduction: There have been very few published texts on the history of nursing in Karlovac and few data on the education and work of nurses. They are mostly parts of the monograph of the hospitals and/or other departments at the health institutions. The summary of the life of Sofija (Sonja) Škrove, her education, and her work have been analyzed in this text using his-torical documents. Methods: The starting point for this text was the documents from the archives of the Kar-lovac General Hospital, the archives and collections of the Croatian State Archives (HDA), and the memories recounted by her daughter Sofia (Sonja) Škrobe. In addition, some previously published papers have also been used. Results: Sofija (Sonja) Škrobe was born on February 8, 1919 in Krasica. After finishing pri-mary school in Karlovac, she went to high school for teachers in Zagreb for two years and when she came of age she enrolled and finished high school for nurses in Belgrade. After she officially took oath she was sent by order of the Ministery of Health and Regional People's Committee to various places for work. She worked at the Institute for the Control of Endemic Syphilis in Banja Luka, at the State Orphanage for Young Children in Zagreb, the Public Health Center in Karlovac, the State Children's Camp in Virje and Split, the Antituberculosis Clinic in Dubrovnik, and the District Health Centre in Karlovac. For the last 10 years before retiring, she worked as a community nurse in Karlovac. We can assume that according to the analyzed data, Sofija Škrobe was the first qualified public nurse in Karlovac. She died in Karlovac on October 28, 2002. Conclusion: Looking at Sofija Škrobe's file, we can follow her professional career in many health institutions according to the social and health politics of that period. At the same time, we got an insight into the social, political, and health issues of the states of those times. Nurses, together with doctors, visited patients in their homes and provided care in mobile am-bulances. They were active at suppressing and curing, chronic and contagious diseases, raising the standards of hygiene and enlightening the people on health. It is apparent that such a work asked for personal sacrifices and that it was accompanied by difficult working conditions without consideration for the personal lives of the health professionals.
The history of the Order of Saint Augustine in Rijeka links the city and its region with Central Europe – more particularly to Bavaria, Bohemia, Austria, Slovenia and Italy. Unfortunately, the past of the Augustinian convent of St. Jerome is mostly unknown. The Order of St. Augustine was in fact the first religious community in Rijeka. The monastery, founded by the noble families of Devin and Walsee, existed from the 14th century till 1788, when it was dissolved by Joseph II. The archive suffered two main disasters: in 1509, when the Venetians partially destroyed it, and in 1788, the year of its closure. The Augustinian archive remained partially in the State Archives in Rijeka, but the largest part of its precious holdings was displaced. However, part of the archive disappeared. Cimiotti-Steimberg, a historian from Rijeka, speaks of that fact as incuria et vandalismus (negligence and vandalism). Part of the convent's archive returned to Croatia during the 19th century, but the Hungarian politics of centralization, led by Khuen-Héderváry, displaced again the Augustinian documents to Budapest. Finally, the 1958 restitution replaced the holdings back to Croatia. We can only partially assess the content of the archival holdings because many sources mention inventories, registries and urbaria that the convent in Rijeka once possessed. After its dissolution, the documents of a number of Augustinian fraternities disappeared. The most important of them was the Fraternity of Immaculate Conception, that convened in the Augustinian chapel and whose members were some of the most important citizens from Rijeka. The most important contribution to the archive of the Augustinian convent took place in 1958, when the Augustinian books and documents were restituted from Budapest. They have been kept in the State Archives in Rijeka ever since. The most important source preserved in Rijeka is Protocollum conventus Fluminensis Ordinis eremitarum s. patri Augustini ad s. Hieronymum. It was made by the Austrian Augustinian provincial Joseph Achinger, who in 1704 made an inventory of the archive of the Convent of St. Jerome. A smaller part of the archival holdings is preserved in the State Archives in Zagreb. It is not clear how the 16th century cartulary from the Augustinian Convent in Rijeka ended up in the University Library in Vienna. This Diplomatarium monasterii sancti Hieronimi ordinis eremitarum sancti Augustini in terra Fluminis sancti Viti is a source that still needs to be researched. During the last hundred years of its existence, the Augustinian convent makes part of the Austrian Province that preserved well the archives during the 18th century. It had nominated historians for every convent and documented local history. The historical research of the Convent of St. Jerome in Rijeka requires the knowledge of the Order of Hermits of St. Augustine. They are grouped in provinces that are under the authority of the general prior with a seat in Rome. The Central Archives of the Order in Rome preserve the major part of the correspondence between generals and the provinces. The Austrian National Library in Vienna hosts the archives of the Augustinian Province of Austria since the Augustinians of St. Jerome were part of it from 1669 to 1788. There are manuscripts from Vienna Augustinian convent of St. Sebastian and St. Rocco, mostly records and excerpts from various sources from the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries. An important source for the Rijeka Convent is the Codex latinus monacensis 8423 from the Bavarian State Library, which is related to the period from 14th to 16th century, when the convent was part of the Augustinian Province of Bavaria. The work of Rijeka Augustinians can be reconstructed only through historical sources of those provinces, the central Order structures in Rome and the remains of once rich convent archive, parts of which are preserved today in Rijeka, Zagreb and Vienna.