Adoption of the human rights paradigm has the potential to revolutionize the health field. By applying the principle of equality to health, one has no choice but to examine the relationship between the individual and all those who have power to affect his or her health.
Human rights, including the right to health, are grounded in protecting and promoting human dignity. Although commitment to human dignity is a widely shared value, the precise meaning and requirements behind the term are elusive. It is also unclear as to how a commitment to human dignity translates into specific human rights, such as the right to the highest attainable standard of health, and delineates their scope and obligations. The resulting lack of clarity about the foundations of and justification for the right to health has been problematic in a number of ways. This article identifies the strengths of and some of the issues with the grounding of the right to health in human dignity. It then examines ethical and philosophical expositions of human dignity and several alternative foundations proposed for the right to health, including capability theory and the work of Norman Daniels, to assess whether any offer a richer and more adequate conceptual grounding for the right to health. Adapted from the source document.
Human Rights enables readers to understand international standards for human rights, human rights abuses around the world, and the social, economic, and natural causes and effects of such abuses. The history of human rights concepts and declarations of human rights are examined, including the distinction that many historical theories and movements in human rights have made between social groups, namely free men versus women, children, slaves, and immigrants. This new resource goes on to explore human rights positions in the United States, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, China, Chechnya
In: Perceptions: journal of international affairs, Band 3, S. 5-142
ISSN: 1300-8641
Discusses legislation, human rights in relation to security, implementation of the European Convention on Human Rights, the European Parliament, multiculturalism, minority rights, and the right to life; 10 articles.
Introduction -- The four paradigms or ideal-types in the discipline of international relations -- The different debates in the discipline of international relations -- Realism : theory and (the effectiveness of ) international human rights treaties -- Liberalism : theory and the effectiveness of international human rights treaties -- Institutionalism : theory and the effectiveness of international human rights treaties -- Fairness : theory and the effectiveness of international human rights treaties -- Transnational legal process : theory and the effectiveness of international human rights treaties -- Managerial process : theory and the effectiveness of international human rights treaties -- The autonomous legal discourse and the appellative or the discursive effect of human rights.
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Die folgenden Links führen aus den jeweiligen lokalen Bibliotheken zum Volltext:
What are human rights? Human rights must be universal / Fiona Boylan, Integrated Regional Information Networks ; Human rights must be culturally relative / Jieh-Yung Lo ; We should eliminate the debate about universality and cultural relativism / El Obaid Ahmed El Obaid ; Non-Western societies have influenced human rights / Faisal Kutty -- What is the state of human rights? Globalization threatens human rights / Asian Pacific Research Network ; Globalization promotes human rights / Daniel T. Griswold ; Islamic law threatens human rights / Azam Kamguian ; Islamic law promotes human rights / Louay M. Safi ; China is abusing human rights / U.S. State Department ; The United States is abusing human rights / Information Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China -- What should be done to stop human rights abuses? The United Nations is necessary to stop human rights abuses / Silvano M. Tomasi ; The United Nations is ineffective and corrupt and does not stop human rights abuses / Joseph Loconte ; International human rights treaties are necessary to help prevent human rights abuses / Anne Bayefsky ; International human rights laws and treaties have little impact on ending human rights abuses / Jack L. Goldsmith and Eric Posner -- What human rights policies should the U.S. government follow? The United States should be a part of the International Criminal Court / Briony MacPhee ; The United States should not be a part of the International Criminal Court / Brett D. Schaefer ; The United States should intervene in Darfur / The New Republic ; The United States should not intervene in Darfur / Justin Raimondo ; The United States should not practice torture even to win the war on terrorism / Jimmy Carter ; The United States should practice torture under some circumstances / Charles Krauthammer ; The United States should ratify the treaty to protect women's rights / Working Group on Ratification of the UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women ; The United States should not ratify the treaty to protect women's human rights / Janice Shaw Crouse
"As I'm writing this, Christians are brutally murdering Muslims in the Central African Republic; people in Syria are being bombed, starved, and tortured; and homosexuals still face the death penalty in Iran as well as long prison sentences in countries like Uganda and Nigeria and persecution by thugs in many countries. These atrocities and many other disturbing phenomena are often called "human rights violations." What gives them this status? That is a question about which there has been a surprising amount of disagreement among political philosophers."
"Great Events from History: Human Rights is a new, updated version of a reference work originally published in 1992. This new edition includes significant updates and a number of new articles that address human rights issues over the past 30 years. This 4-volume work traces the path of civil liberties and natural rights through history, from ancient codes to modern movements through pivotal events that have directly affected people and their freedoms. In the nearly 28 years since the first edition of Human Rights was published, much has changed in the history of human rights, both in terms of human rights denial and human rights advances. One key change concerns the evolving nature of a government's accountability for its country's human rights record. The rise of Internet technology in recent years has expedited government accountability faster than during any earlier time period. For this reason, this edition covers a rather wide range of human rights categories, including atrocities and war crimes, children's rights, civil rights, health and medical rights, peace movements and organizations, reproductive freedom, voting rights, women's rights, and worker's rights. Great Events from History: Human Rights documents the progression, regression, and overall history of human rights through pivotal events. Here is a sampling of just some of the modern milestones chronicled in this thought-provoking set: 2001: The U.S. Launches a "War on Terror" in Iraq and Afghanistan in Response to 9/11 ; 2004 : The First Same-Sex Marriage is Performed in Massachusetts ; 2006 : The Global Internet Consortium is Founded ; 2006 : WikiLeaks Gives Whistleblowers a New Platform ; 2013 : The Dominican Republic Deports and Denies Nationality to Haitians ; 2014 : ISIS Comes to Power in Iraq and Syria ; 2015 : China Revokes One-Child Policy ; 2017 : Gay Chechens are Purged ; 2018 : Peace Talks Begin on the Korean Peninsula ; 2018 : Separating Immigrant Families at the Border. More than 100 photographs and other images are included, such as news photos and photographic portraits, book and magazine covers, book title pages, government documents, and fliers. Essays not only describe and contextualize significant events in the history of human rights, but also discuss their current and future impact."--
Human rights reflect a determined effort to protect the dignity of each and every human being against abuse of power. This endeavour is as old as human history. What is relatively new is the international venture for the protection of human dignity through internationally accepted legal standards and generally accessible mechanisms for implementation. That mission got a major impetus with the founding of the United Nations in 1945. While the primary focus of the international project for the realisation of human rights used to be on ways and means of limiting and governing political power, other institutions than the state are coming within its range of attention, too, including those of the corporate world. Recently, a 'human rights approach' to poverty has gained a prominent place on the development agenda. When human rights are seen as not just legal resources but also political instruments, this means that power is to be regarded as legitimate only if international human rights standards are followed. Legitimacy, in other words, becomes the core concept, referring to the right institutions and principles, the right procedures and also normatively acceptable outcomes. Hence, rights-based approaches to overcome poverty imply efforts to address economic injustices as well, in the first place at the level of the global economy as such.
In: Forthcoming, Giselle Corradi, Eva Brems and Mark Goodale (eds), Human Rights Encounter Legal Pluralism, Oñati International Series in Law and Society, Hart Publishing (2017), ISBN: 9781849467612
Introduction / Roland Moerland, Hans Nelen and Jan Willems -- Denialism and the problem of indifference / Willem de Haan -- Denial and acknowledgement in public responses to information about human rights violations / Irene Bruna Seu -- Diagnosing and dispelling denialism regarding children / James G. Dwyer -- Too close to home? : the denial of prejudice and discrimination against children / Jan C.M. Willems -- Denial of developmental needs of foster children by Dutch youth care services / A.M. Weterings, in collaboration with Jan C.M. Willems -- Crime in the intercountry adoption industry : towards a broader definition of child trafficking / Elvira Loibl -- The BBC documentary ' Rwanda's untold story' : acknowledging genocide or denying it? / Roland Moerland -- Fighting NS ideology and Holocaust denial in Austria : past and present perspectives / Johannes Keiler -- The Holocaust and its denial : a paradigm in our historical culture / Georgi Verbeeck -- Can the law understand the harm of genocide denial? / Rob Kahn -- On the breaking of consensus : the Perincek case, the Armenian genocide and international criminal law / Sévane Garibian -- Denial of genocide by bystanders in international politics / Fred Grünfeld -- International organisations and denialism : the case of the African Union / Konstantinos D. Magliveras -- Killing through the state in the Colombian war and getting away with murder : an exploration of organisational crime and Its denial / Michael Reed Hurtado -- Jim Crow 3.0 : denial, human rights, and American racialised mass incarceration / Cecil J. Hunt, II -- Justifying acts of denialism : the case of prisoner disenfranchisement in the UK / Samantha Morgan-Williams -- Poverty, just world thinking and human rights law : a study of the relevance of denial for normative legal research / Gustavo Arosemena -- Genocide denial and refugees : a lack of protection in international law? / Regina Menachery Paulose -- Climate justice : climate change and human rights / Zoi Aliozi -- A state in denial : the 'intentional' sexual transmission of HIV in South Africa / Annelize Nienaber -- Olympic idealism and human rights infringements : how athletes cope with an uncomfortable reality / Radka Babjaková, Sharon Deten, Jennifer Etoré, Kim Geurtjens, Roland Moerland and Hans Nelen -- Denialism and human rights : an afterword / David Nelken
Human rights are the foundation of democracy, a democratic society, freedom, justice and peace. Without human rights and awareness of their ownership, people cannot live in dignity. Human rights are the same for all of us, regardless of race, gender, religion, ethnicity, political or other beliefs, social origin, national origin, sexual orientation. There are cases in which human rights may be limited, but only in very specific situations, usually defined in international documents or constitutions of individual countries (e.g. due to the protection of certain values by the state, or due to threats such as war or public security). In 1948, Poland was one of the eight states that abstained from voting on the ratification of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Until the transformation of the political system between 1989–1992, the number of international conventions dealing with the issue of human rights, which the Polish state had not ratified, has increased. Along with the democratization of public life in Poland and the accession process to the European Union, successive governments have signed certain conventions, but many important documents remain unratified or unimplemented, including significant conventions regarding the status of stateless persons or related to cluster munitions. This presentation aims at indication of the relation of Polish legislation and basic legal acts to the UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights and subsequent conventions aimed at protecting those rights. On the basis of a short comparative analysis, I will try to indicate how important human rights are to Poland nowadays. ; Prawa człowieka są fundamentem demokracji, demokratycznego społeczeństwa, wolności, sprawiedliwości i pokoju. Bez praw człowieka i świadomości ich własności ludzie nie mogą żyć w godności. Prawa człowieka są takie same dla nas wszystkich, bez względu na rasę, płeć, religię, pochodzenie etniczne, przekonania polityczne, pochodzenie społeczne, pochodzenie narodowe, orientację seksualną. Zdarzają się przypadki, w których prawa człowieka mogą być ograniczone, ale tylko w bardzo szczególnych sytuacjach, zwykle zdefiniowanych w dokumentach międzynarodowych lub konstytucjach poszczególnych krajów (np. ze względu na ochronę niektórych wartości przez państwo lub z powodu zagrożeń, takich jak wojna lub bezpieczeństwo publiczne). W 1948 r. Polska była jednym z ośmiu państw, które wstrzymały się od głosu w sprawie ratyfikacji Powszechnej Deklaracji Praw Człowieka. Do czasu transformacji systemu politycznego w latach 1989–1992 wzrosła liczba konwencji międzynarodowych dotyczących kwestii praw człowieka, których państwo polskie nie ratyfikowało. Wraz z demokratyzacją życia publicznego w Polsce i procesem akcesyjnym do Unii Europejskiej kolejne rządy podpisały pewne konwencje, ale wiele ważnych dokumentów pozostaje nieratyfikowanych lub niewzmocnionych, w tym znaczące konwencje dotyczące statusu bezpaństwowców lub związane z amunicją kasetową. Prezentacja ta ma na celu wskazanie związku polskiego prawodawstwa i podstawowych aktów prawnych z Powszechną Deklaracją Praw Człowieka ONZ i późniejszymi konwencjami mającymi na celu ochronę tych praw. Na podstawie krótkiej analizy porównawczej postaram się wskazać, jak ważne są obecnie prawa człowieka dla Polski.