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Systemism and social mechanisms, as articulated by Bunge, are concepts with great potential for application to assessment of research progress. This study will use the conceptual tools made available by systemism and social mechanisms to evaluate the International Crisis Behavior (ICB) Project as a scientific effort toward the greater understanding of crises in world politics. Systemism and social mechanisms are articulated as key concepts in the quest for scientific progress. The goals and basic characteristics of the ICB Project as a scientific venture then are described. The ICB Project is assessed in terms of how well it lives up to standards for scientific progress. Finally, conclusions and ideas about future research are presented. The basic finding of this study is that the ICB Project is quite successful in meeting the standards for scientific progress entailed by the concepts of systemism and social mechanisms.

14 slides.-- Presentation showed at the Final Workshop FLEDGED Project: flexible Sorption Enhanced processes for biomass to DME conversion, 27-28-29 October 2020. ; Assess the performance of the Sorption Enhanced Gasification process in a 30 kWth bubbling fluidized bed reactor (BFB) placed at the Instituto de Carboquímica (CSIC) (Zaragoza, Spain). ; This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation Programme under grant agreement No. 727600. ; Peer reviewed

This study uses a visualization technique, systemism, to integrate ICB Project findings about crisis, escalation and war in particular. The domain of the analysis, 1999–2017, is the period following the authoritative review of research in Michael Brecher (1999; International studies in the twentieth century and beyond: Flawed dichotomies, syntheses, cumulation, International Studies Quarterly 43: 213–264) up to the present. Systemism is used to combine, in graphic form, substantively significant results from ICB Project research. Insights about cause and effect for escalation processes are obtained that would not readily be available in the absence of graphic representation. This learning is made possible through application of systemism, a visualization technique, to convey a network of variables leading into war.

The challenges of teaching quantitative research methods in international relations are well documented. The key to igniting interest & engaging students lies in creating a participatory learning environment in the classroom. This article discusses these challenges & describes a new piece of software that may be helpful in that regard. The ICB Interactive Data Library enhances access to the information available in the ICB (International Crisis Behavior project) data by organizing it into an interactive software package (Brecher, Hewitt, & Wilkenfeld, 2000). The ICB Library is an especially valuable teaching tool because it allows students to easily access the resources from a major data collection project, which, in turn, exposes them to the challenges & opportunities offered by quantitative research in international relations. After describing the ICB Library, this article will discuss how it can be used in the classroom via problem-based learning techniques. 3 Figures, 1 Appendix, 14 References. Adapted from the source document.

Overview of the seed industry in China PR. The project would modernize facilities at 18 seed production, processing and distribution centres in twelve provinces and two autonomous regions. It would also strengthen operations of China's central seed agency, the NSC. The project would contribute to increased production of high quality seed for major food and cash crops and serve as a model for planned construction over the next two decades of over 300 modern seed centers. Cost estimates and financing. ICB procurement: processing and laboratory equipment, farm equipment and materials. Statistics, 1985-2014. (Econom. Voorlichtingsdienst)

Overview of Bhutan's economy and industrial sector. The project, with a capacity to produce 22.000 tons per year of calcium carbide, would be located at Pasakka in Southern Bhutan. The project would include: (1) a calcium carbide plant; (2) limestone mining;; (3) forestry and (4) charcoal plants. In addition the project provides for necessary infrastructure, technical assistance and training. ICB procurement: equipment, materials and spares. Project cost and financing plan. Statistics, 1985-2000. (Economische Voorlichtingsdienst)

India's telecommunications sector is overviewed. The project comprises all the investments in the four metro cities during the Seventh Plan, plus the new long distance links between them, a long distance network management system, a training component and consultancy services. Project cost and financing. ICB procurement: cable networks, local transmission, long distance transmission, satellite services. Data network, network management system, automatic message accounting system. Statistics, 1971-2006. (Econom. Voorlichtingsdienst)

Overview of the forestry sector in China PR. The project would accelerate afforestation and improve management and exploitation of existing forests on 92 state forest farms in Guangdong, Heilongjiang and Sichuan Provinces. The project would establish about 82,000 ha of forest plantations, introduce forest improvement measures on existing young plantations and natural forests, construct and upgrade about 1,900 km of forest roads and tracks, and expand equipment and vehicle fleets. ICB procurement: chemical fertilizer, equipment and vehicles. Cost estimates and financing. Statistics, 1985-2007. (Econom. Voorlichtingsdienst)

Overview of forestry and transport sectors in Burma. The principal objectives of the proposed project are to: (a) achieve significant improvements in the planning and allocation of transport services concerned with the movement of timber; (b) arrest further deterioration of the existing timber transport/distribution capacity, with a subsequent improvement in timber quality, quantity, and reliability of supply and export; (c) reduce timber transport, handling, and storage costs; and (d) test new timber transport systems. ICB procurement: plant and machinery materials. Cost estimates and financing plan. Statistics, 1974-90. (Econom. Voorl.dienst)

Overview of the education sector of the Solomon Islands. The objective of the proposed project is to help the government ensure an adequate supply of suitably trained manpower for formal employment and higher levels of education by improving educational opportunity and quality in lower secondary education and strengthening education sector management. Costs and financial plan. ICB procurement: civil works. - statistics, 1978-93. (Economische Voorlichtingsdienst)

Overview of the transport sector and the ports subsector in Malaysia. The project consists of (a) construction of a 265 meters general cargo/container berth, paving of the back-up area, and provision of additional bulk liquid breasting dolphins; (b) construction of a marine base consisting of a 256 meters jetty and a 1,800 square meters administration building; (c) 122 man-months of technical assistance to strengthen LPK's training program, its marketing department and its management information systems; and (d) a pilot railway component to assist MR in the handling of containers. Cost estimates and financing plan. ICB procurement: civil works. Statistics, 1980-2005. (Econom. Voorlichtingsdienst)

Overview of the agricultural sector and the paddy production in Burma. The proposed project would cover five priority crops, and introduce seed quality control up to the multiplication of the last generation of seed. It would fully develop 12 existing government farms for basic seed production. It would further expand and strengthen seed quality control and increase the seed processing capacity through installation of new processing plants, including drying and storage. ICB procurement: vehicles machinery and equipment. Project costs and financing. Statistics, 1986-92. (Econom. Voorlichtingsdienst)

Overview of the water supply sector in China PR. The project would provide safe drinking water to some six million people in 4,650 villages of 25 countries located in the provinces of Liaoning, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang, and the municipality of Beijing. The institutional component of the project includes: 1) development of management and monitoring systems and regulations for revolving funds, construction and operations; 2) preparation of design, construction and operation manuals, and 3) a training program. Cost estimates and financing plan. ICB procurement: materials and equipment. Statistics, 1985-2009. (Econom. Voorlichtingsdienst)

Overview of the transport sector and the railway subsector in South Korea. The basic objective of the project is to assist the Korean National Railways to increase transport efficiency and capacity of rail service in the Seoul-Busan Corridor. It includes: a) institutional and policy measures to improve services that are most profitable; b) measures to improve intermodal complementarity and railway competitiveness; and c) capacity expansion. ICB procurement: equipment and services. Cost estimates and financing. Statistics, 1961-2008. (Economische Voorlichtingsdienst)

Overview of the urban transport sector in Korea and Seoul. The proposed project is expected to improve traffic and transport conditions in the Seoul metropolitan area. It includes the provision of missing road-links on three major arterials together with road widening and reconstruction of major intersections, all within Seoul city. The project would also strengthen the Seoul metropolitan government's capability in transport planning and traffic engineering and management. Project costs and financing plan. ICB procurement: civil works, goods. Statistics, 1984-1990. (Economische Voorlichtingsdienst)