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This collection of readings on the concept of ideology is brought together by the Marxist critic, Terry Eagleton. His introduction traces the historical evolution of ideology and examines in a more theoretical style the various meanings of the word and their significance. The readings begin with the first English translations of some of the writing of the French founder of the concept in the eighteenth century. They then move from the enlightenment to Hegel and Marxism, with particular emphasis on Marx and Engels themselves. They also look at other eighteenth-century traditions of thought such

I develop a model of ideologies as collectively sustained (yet individually rational) distortions in beliefs concerning the proper scope of governments versus markets. In processing and interpreting signals of the efficacy of public and market provision of education, health insurance, pensions, etc., individuals optimally trade off the value of remaining hopeful about their future prospects (or their children's) versus the costs of misinformed decisions. Because these future outcomes also depend on whether other citizens respond to unpleasant facts with realism or denial, endogenous social cognitions emerge. Thus, an equilibrium in which people acknowledge the limitations of interventionism coexists with one in which they remain obstinately blind to them, embracing a statist ideology and voting for an excessively large government. Conversely, an equilibrium associated with appropriate public responses to market failures coexists with one dominated by a laissez-faire ideology and blind faith in the invisible hand. With public-sector capital, this interplay of beliefs and institutions leads to history-dependent dynamics. The model also explains why societies find it desirable to set up constitutional protections for dissenting views, even when ex-post everyone would prefer to ignore unwelcome news. -- Ideology ; statism ; laissez-faire ; cognitive dissonance ; wishful thinking ; institutions ; political economy ; psychology

"This paper offers an account of ideology in terms of social meanings. Such meanings - constituting a cultural technē - are public, conflicting, and fragmented; yet because they guide our practices, they frame our agency and identities. A cultural technē is ideological when it perpetuates unjust subordination; ideology critique offers liberating alternatives"--

Analyses of the political and ideological transformation of Hizbullah.

What was the Nationalist Socialist Party (Nazi's)? What did they believe? Where did these beliefs originate? What led them to commit such atrocities and war crimes? This work explores the philosophical and historical origins of Nazi ideology in concepts such as Social Darwinism, biological nationalism, Aryanism, and most notoriously, anti-Semitism

Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- I. THEORIES OF IDEOLOGY -- The Levels of Consciousness: Some remarks on sociology of knowledge -- Ideology versus Utopia. A contribution to the analysis of the role of social consciousness in the movement of socio-economic formation -- The Antagonism of Art and Science as a Worldview Component -- II. IDEOLOGY OF THEORIES -- Scientism and Anti-scientism -- Science, that is, Domination through Truth -- Recasting Marxism: Habermas's Proposals -- DISCUSSION -- A Statistical Model of Data Analysis in Interactional Psychology. Comments on the quantitative analysis of the scores of the "S-R" Inventory of Anxiousness -- PERSPEKTIVEN DER PHILOSOPHIE.

The publication of For Marx and Reading Capital established Louis Althusser as one of the most controversial figures in the Western Marxist tradition, and one of the most influential renewals of Marxist thought. Collected here are Althusserʹs most significant philosophical writings from the late sixties and through the seventies. Intended to contribute, in his own words, to a "left-wing critique of Stalinism that would help put some substance back into the revolutionary project here in the West", they are the record of a shared history. At the same time they chart Althusserʹs critique of the theoretical system unveiled in his own major works, and his developing practice of philosophy as a "revolutionary weapon."--Publisher description