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Referring to the work by Louise Revell, a lecturer in Roman History at the University of Southampton, the author examines the peculiarities of interpretation of Roman imperialism, and issues of cultural and political identity in the 1st–2nd Century AD Roman Empire in modern foreign historiography. The author analyzes Revell's methods of research and the heuristic potential of the concept of "Roman-ness" that the scholar uses instead of the traditional concept of "Romanization". The reviewer examines the historical sources (archaeological and epigraphic materials from eight Roman towns of Spain and Britain), the basic propositions of the monograph (the ideology and the practical implementation of urbanism in the Roman world, an image and cult of the Roman emperor in the cities of the Empire, as well as the provincial practice of religious rites) and also the author's arguments. The review demonstrates how the author of the monograph reconstructs the social image and relations in the Roman provincial society, and the interaction between the provincial and imperial elites. ; В рецензии на примере монографии специалиста по римской археологии из Университета Саутгемптона Луиз Ревелл анализируются особенности трактовки в современной зарубежной историографии римского империализма, проблемы этнокультурной и политической идентичности в Римской империи I–II вв. н. э. Рассматривается методология рецензируемого исследования, а также эвристический потенциал концепта «римскости» (Roman-ness), замещающего в работе Л. Ревелл традиционный концепт «романизации». В рецензии разбираются источники (археологические и эпиграфические материалы из восьми римских провинциальных городов Испании и Британии), базовые положения рассматриваемого исследования (идеология и практическое воплощение урбанизма в римском мире, образ и культ римского императора в городах империи, провинциальная практика отправления римских религиозных культов), а также аргументация, приводимая в защиту основных тезисов работы. Показано, каким образом автор монографии реконструирует социальный облик и отношения в римском провинциальном обществе, взаимодействие провинциальных и имперских элит.

The article considers the theoretical legacy of Friedrich Engels within the context of the crisis transformation of the neoliberal world order at the beginning of the twenty-first century. The process of monopolization putting end to planlessness, which Engels noted in the early 1890s, resulted in a global production system organized within global production networks under control of giant transnational corporations. Further development of the stock exchange and fictitious capital noted by Engels more than a hundred years ago led to the dominance of the global finance capital which became the cause of financialization. In the context of the global recession, competition for sources of raw materials and sales markets is intensifying due to the geopolitical and economic rise of China and other large countries of the periphery which claim for redivision of geo-economic and geopolitical map. The unfolding of the late capitalism's contradictions restores the socio-economic relations similar to imperialism at the beginning of the twentieth century and thus reproduces, with a new quality, the causes of the First World war, the military and political aspects of which were accurately predicted by Engels a quarter of a century before its beginning.

After the Second World War supporters of the official mainstream sought to refute Lenin's theory of imperialism, checking it for "incompatibility with the facts". With the appearance in the 1980s of the concept of globalisation, the Leninist theory was relegated by these critics to the category of ideas that had been scientifically disproven. The analysis presented in this article shows that various theoretical versions of globalisation and of global capitalism are constructed on the basis of contradictory and methodologically doubtful ideas concerning the essential features of globalisation, of the sources from which it arose, and of its historical dynamics and limitations. As the main points in its discussion of the concept of globalisation, the article examines the controversies between empiricism and essentialism concerning the question of the essence of globalisation (culture or economics); the question of the sources of globalisation (technology, politics or productive relations); and the question of the trends in the dynamic of globalisation (toward full integration or growing antagonism). The authors further take up the controversy that pits abstract against concrete historicism on the question of the historical limits of globalisation. At the same time, the article reveals that in its richness and in the depth of its grasp of modern capitalism, Lenin's theory of imperialism up to the present has surpassed many present-day theories. Employing the theoretical heritage of Lenin makes it possible to provide, as the result of analysis, a comprehensive and methodologically precise definition of globalisation.

Analyse der amerikanischen Nahostpolitik: die militärischen Pläne der USA im Vorderen Orient, Ausdehnung der militärischen Präsenz, Ausweitung der Waffenlieferungen an die militärischen Partner (insbesondere Israel, Saudi-Arabien und Ägypten); Charakterisierung des Camp-David-Abkommens. (DÜI-Ott)

Lenin's contribution to economic theory is studied by only a limited number of researchers, since most of the academic community considers referring to the investigations carried out by this author to be highly improper. The writer of this article shows, however, that even 150 years after the birth of V.I. Ulyanov, the Leninist theory of imperialism remains relevant, despite requiring critical development and supplementation. This latter is true, in particular, of Lenin's conclusions (1) to the effect that the process of monopolisation leads to the undermining of free competition, which corporate networks in the twenty-first century have turned into a system of relations of manipulation by market actors; (2) on the hegemony of finance capital, which in the present period has served as the cause behind the processes of financialisation; and (3) on the hegemony of transnational corporations and the division of the world between super-powers, which is now leading to the danger of a new repartitioning of the world economic and political space. Following a spiral of the "negation of the negation" (imperialism — social capitalism — neoliberal capitalism), the world is again burdened with problems that are reproducing, on a new level, the causes of the World War and of the series of revolutions in the early twentieth century. "…We need to know how to begin from the beginning several times over": how Lenin's conception of the socialist reconstruction of Russia's economy came into being.

A way out of the crisis state of the world economic system of capitalism, in which it is located due to the accumulation of a large number of insolvable contradictions, can be a radical change in the socio-economic structure of world economy. And what the future socio-economic system will look like will be influenced by various mechanisms of the "controlled" global chaos of the current geopolitical and geo-economic situation. One of the main such mechanisms is undoubtedly the established economic system of neocolonialism, which was the basis of the development of capitalism of the twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty-first century. The form of neo-colonialism changed throughout its development. These transformations were accompanied by the evolution of scientists' views on this economic category. This article discusses the transformation in the views of scientist, leading experts and politicians from different corners of the world on neocolonialism, which began its existence in the second half of the twentieth century and currently exists.