Suchergebnisse

La declaración de autonomía del movimiento y pueblos indígenas es parte de su identidad, se mantiene en tanto valor central que inscriben como condición y aporte a la democracia en Colombia. La autonomía es un derecho de los indígenas, pero no solo de ellos, sino del grueso de los sectores sociales. Defenderla y conquistarla será avanzar en una sociedad más democrática.

The purpose of this article is to add information to the water policies design's debate with intercultural view in Mexico. It analyses water resources management in the lands inhabited by indigenous peoples, focused on human right to water. Methodology consists on combining two relevant databases to understand water accessibility in those lands and to locate the concentration of indigenous population. Among its limitations is that the basis of ethnographic interpretation were anthropological publications even though it is necessary firsthand information to understand the conflictive relationship between water management and indigenous people; consequently it should have been better to select case studies. The originality of this document is that synthetizes hydrological and anthropological information within a context of collective rights. Conclusions lead to propose that water management strategies should take into account these communities organization in such a way they can participate in decision-making related to the procedures that actually are created in the National Water Law.

This dossier is composed of seven articles that contains ethnographic data, reflections and analyzes on urban indigenous youth, in relation to the recognition and exercise of rights, in the context of the construction of citizenship at the end of the second decade of the 21st century. Indigenous youth define themselves and are recognized by their own cultural groups, academia and institutions as a historical and social subject, which in different social structures and normative instruments is considered as a subject of law that is struggling to be fully adhered to the political community of the city, from different positions, forms of participation and degrees of political consciousness. So the articles focus on a broad geography to address the conditions of being a woman, a man, a migrant, a returning migrant, a student, a worker, among other categories, and reside in a border, medium-sized or metropolis city, demonstrate the multiplicity of experiences that are recorded from different explanatory frameworks and methodological approaches to reconstruct and show the complexity of what we could call the experience of urban indigenous youth in Latin America. On the other hand, we highlight the contributions of the interview with Dr. Laura Valladares de la Cruz, whose reflections are fundamental to understand the current complexity that involves the concentration of studies on the themes and lines of research presented here, as well as the growing need to produce pertinent and innovative approaches and theoretical and methodological perspectives for the approach of a youthful social subject in constant construction and that assumes a growing protagonism in the current dynamics of social, economic, political and cultural change. Finally, we propose one on the text: Indigenous Youth. "Interdisciplinary Intercultural Studies related to Brazil and Mexico", highlights the main contributions of this work that gathers works that were presented in academic events between 2015 and 2016. Keywords: urban youth, contemporary rights and citizenship, Latin America. ; El presente dossier se conforma por siete artículos que contienen datos etnográficos, reflexiones y análisis sobre las juventudes indígenas urbanas, en relación con el reconocimiento y ejercicio de derechos, en el contexto de la construcción de la ciudadanía en el cierre de la segunda década del siglo XXI, momento en el que las y los jóvenes indígenas se autodefinen y son reconocidos por su propios grupos culturales, la academia y las instituciones como un sujeto histórico y social, que en diferentes estructuras sociales e instrumentos normativos es considerado como un sujeto de derecho que está pugnando por tener membresía plena a la comunidad política de la ciudad desde diferentes posiciones, formas de participación y grados de conciencia política. De tal suerte que, los artículos se enfocan en una amplia geografía para abordar las condiciones de ser mujer, hombre, migrante, migrante retornado, estudiante, trabajador, entre otras categorías y residir en una ciudad, fronteriza, mediana o una metrópoli, lo que permite demostrar la multiplicidad de vivencias que quedan registradas desde diferentes marcos explicativos y abordajes metodológicos para reconstruir y mostrar la complejidad de lo que podríamos denominar como la experiencia de las juventudes indígenas urbanas en América Latina. Por otro lado, destacamos los aportantes de la entrevista realizada a la Dra. Laura Valladares de la Cruz, cuyas reflexiones son imprescindibles para aproximarnos a comprender la complejidad actual que conlleva enfocar estudios en los temas y líneas de investigación que aquí se presentan, así como la creciente necesidad de producir enfoques y perspectivas teórico-metodológicas pertinentes y novedosas para el abordaje de un sujeto social juvenil en constante construcción y que toma un papel protagónico creciente en las dinámicas actuales de cambio social, económico, político y cultural. Finalmente, proponemos una sobre el texto: Juventudes Indígenas. Estudios Interdisciplinares, saberes interculturais Conexoes Brasil e México, destaca los principales aportes de esta obra que reúne trabajos que se presentaron en eventos académicos entre 2015 y 2016. Palabras-clave: juventudes indígenas urbanas, derechos y ciudadanías contemporáneas, América Latina. ; O presente dossiê é composto por sete artigos que contêm dados etnográficos, reflexões e análises sobre juventudes indígenas urbanas, em relação ao reconhecimento e ao exercício de direitos, no contexto da construção da cidadania no final da segunda década do século XXI, momento em que os jovens indígenas se autodefinem e são reconhecidos por seus próprios grupos culturais, a academia e as instituições como um sujeito histórico e social, que em diferentes estruturas sociais e instrumentos normativos é considerado como um sujeito de direito que está lutando para ser plenamente aderido à comunidade política da cidade, a partir de diferentes posições, formas de participação e graus de consciência política. De sorte que os artigos enfocam uma ampla geografia para abordar as condições de ser mulher, homem, migrante, migrante em retorno, estudante, trabalhador, entre outras categorias, e residir em uma cidade, fronteiriça, de médio porte ou metrópole, o que permite demonstrar a multiplicidade de vivências que são registradas desde diferentes marcos explicativos e abordagens metodológicas para reconstruir e mostrar a complexidade do que poderíamos denominar como a experiência da juventude indígena urbana na América Latina. Por outro lado, destacamos as contribuições da entrevista com a Drª Laura Valladares de la Cruz, cujas reflexões são fundamentais para entender a complexidade atual que envolve a concentração de estudos sobre os temas e as linhas de pesquisa aqui apresentados, bem como, a crescente necessidade de produzir abordagens e perspectivas teóricas e metodológicas pertinentes e inovadoras para a abordagem de um sujeito social juvenil em constante construção e que assume um protagonismo crescente na atual dinâmica de mudança social, econômica, política e cultural. Finalmente, propomos uma sobre o texto: Juventude Indígena. "Estudos Interdisciplinares interculturais relacionados ao Brasil e México", destaca as principais contribuições desta obra que reúne trabalhos que foram apresentados em eventos acadêmicos entre 2015 e 2016. Palavras-chave: jovens indígenas urbanos, direitos contemporâneos e cidadanias, América Latina.

In this paper the author analyzes the problems of inequality of opportunity and exclusion of Mexican indigenous population, in the face of demands for recognition of cultural diversity,indigenous autonomy and self-determination, through which it aims to include this sector of the population in the national project. In this sense, the paper also reviews the conceptualization that the government draws on indigenous marginalization from which defines its policies. Finally, note the challenges that indigenous involvement is to build democracy in the country. ; En este trabajo la autora analiza la problemática de la desigualdad de oportunidades y exclusión de la población indígena mexicana, de cara a las demandas de reconocimiento de la diversidad cultural, la autonomía y autodeterminación indígena, a través de las cuales se busca la inclusión de este sector de la población en el proyecto de nación. En este sentido,el trabajo también revisa la conceptualización que el gobierno elabora sobre la marginación indígena, a partir de la cual define sus políticas. Finalmente, observa los retos que la inclusión indígena tiene para la construcción de la democracia en el país.

This article explores indigenous film in general within the layered contexts between indigenous 'being' and 'becoming' (from cultural, socioeconomic, epistemological, political, historical, esthetical, and cinematographic movements); particularly, the transformative emancipating closeness of the ONG Vídeo nas Aldeias (VNA 'Video in the Villages'): a Brazilian producer, distributor, developer, and indigenous film school. VNA reconsiders and redirects the indigenous 'self' and the 'common' other in a contemporary intercultural, transnational context, highlighting, at the same time, the particular Brazilian context as "vital towards the training of a new (demystified) look at the indigenous populations and to the deconstruction of deeply rooted prejudices." Film and video as ways of knowing, media (audiovisual technology), image, art and operations, genders, social processes, production methodologies and their politico-cultural appropriations could be a powerful tool to make people conscious and to challenge the sensible order within the dissentive game of otherness similarity. ; Este artículo explora el cine indígena en general en los "hojaldrados" contextos entre el "ser" y los "devenires" de la indigenidad (desde los movimientos culturales, socio-económicos, epistemológicos, políticos, históricos, estéticos y cinematográficos) y particularmente el acercamiento emancipatorio transformativo de la ONG Vídeo nas Aldeias (VNA 'video en las aldeas'): productora, distribuidora, promotora y escuela de cine indígena en Brasil. VNA reconsidera y redirige el "sí mismo" indígena y el otro "común" en un contexto contemporáneo intercultural, trans-nacional, resaltando a la vez el contexto particular brasileño como "vital frente a la formación de una nueva (desmitificada) mirada hacia los pueblos indígenas y al deshacer de los prejuicios profundamente enraizados". El cine y el video como formas y modos de conocer, medio (tecnología audiovisual), imagen, arte y operaciones, géneros, procesos sociales, metodologías de producción y sus apropiaciones político-culturales pueden ser una herramienta poderosa para despertar conciencia y desafiar el orden de lo sensible en el juego disensual de la semejanza con la otredad.

Indigenous peoples in Colombia, which still exist despite the policy of extermination operated by the state, market players, the educational model and forced Christianization, define their identity linked to their spirituality and in the context of membership of the territories. In this article the relationship from the struggle for own authority, autonomy, identity and territory have been advancing some of the organizations of indigenous people in Colombia develops. The look is attempted here is crossed by the dimension of the spiritual, trying to offer her perspective that have been developed indigenous peoples.

Este artículo tiene por objetivo un primer aná-lisis de las estructuras de poder yuxtapuestas presentes en la cultura mapuche en Chile. Para ello nos valemos de un conjunto de datos secun-darios, rescatados tanto de debates bibliográficos como de documentos de autores corporativos. El análisis identifica una serie de organizaciones y sujetos indígenas en calidad de articuladores espaciales y culturales de otras agrupaciones ét-nicas dentro de la sociedad mayor en la que se hallan insertas. Sobre esta base, se propone un modelo teórico de cultura política indígena fun-dado en la histórica resistencia a la asimilación del Estado. El trabajo concluye que en el caso mapuche las estructuras de poder yuxtapuestas observables informan de un manejo político de la cultura, que permite establecer fronteras para defender la autonomía orgánica frente a la acción estatal.

In Latin America the forging of national identities has beenproblematic, especially in countries where large indigenouspopulations have remained marginalized through colonial ideologiesof exclusion. This is changing, however, as processes ofglobalization are reshuffling old orders and indigenous peoplebecome active participants in new social movements of their ownmaking. Founded on shared experience and emergent feelings ofsolidarity, a new political body is created, defined by indigeneity andshared interests vis-à-vis the state. Based on autobiographicalnarratives from Asháninka leaders in the central Amazon of Peru,the paper looks at the memory-identity nexus and the way it isreflexively tied to the process of forging new political subjectivity asAsháninka and Peruvian citizens. Even if indissolubly linked with averifiable past, Asháninka memories are also the products ofsignifying processes associated with the present, with hopes anddreams, and with the production of meaning in the context of decolonization.

This current article, a result of a historic hermeneutic research, aims to highlight how the indigenous people have been able to, along the path of the modern indigenous movement, take advantage of the political opportunities offered by the context, in order to boost their identity and in it, its mobilization. As in the recovery of their identity, the construction as a collective and political subjects, have gained stature and political muscle by collating their identity with that of other actors and with that of the state, to which they compete for values, rights, and respect, for their identity. They have shaped the social actor of major prominence, as well as the capacity of summon, and this is what places them in the vanguard of the social struggle.