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There is analyzing of specific of social-psychological adaptation person by model of adaptation. Structure model of adaptation of women of our age group, which was named "adaptation complex" was made by theoretic analyzes of problem of adaptation adult.

The article presents an overview of the materials of the annual scientific conference «Lomonosov readings-2019», reflecting the reports made at the section «Individual and work in the digital economy», dedicated to the significant date - the 100th anniversary of the International labour organization (ILO). The speakers actively discussed the development of social and labor sphere of modern Russia, its future in the conditions of digitalization and humanization, the problems of formation and development of human potential and transformation of labor relations in the digital economy, as well as prospects and risks in the regional, sectoral and corporate labour markets in connection with digitalization. The discussions identified and justified the need to consolidate efforts to establish an Association of labor economists, to continue the tradition of holding annual international inter-University scientific conferences for the exchange of scientific ideas and consistently project the position of the ILO in science, practice and in the teaching process.

Внедрение индивидуальных образовательных траекторий (ИОТ) обучающихся в учебный процесс обеспечивает вариативность содержательной, деятельностной и процессуальной областей образовательного процесса и обогащает образовательную среду. В статье представлен опыт реализации ИОТ в Самарском университете в 2021–2023 гг., выделены уникальные особенности и отдельная логика конструирования образовательных треков для основных профессиональных образовательных программ высшего образования (ОПОП ВО) по уровням образования (для бакалавриата и специалитета; для магистратуры). Подробно рассмотрен механизм наполнения блока «Майнор» дисциплинами, соответствующими брендовым компетенциям Самарского университета, на основе открытого конкурса дисциплин ИОТ. Оценить качество процесса формирования индивидуальной образовательной траектории можно по анализу вовлеченности студенческой аудитории. Приводятся результаты опроса первокурсников на этапе выбора дисциплин ИОТ, позволяющие выявить содержательные и организационные признаки осуществления выбора. Образовательные результаты и достижения обучающихся в процессе освоения дисциплин ИОТ формируются в виде личного профиля компетенций. Анализ данных анкетирования обучающихся по программам бакалавриата/специалитета и магистратуры, прошедших обучение по наиболее востребованным дисциплинам ИОТ, дал возможность сделать вывод, что дополнительными результатами обучения по ИОТ являются саморефлексия, самосознание и самоопределение обучающихся. Реализация модели ИОТ позволяет гибко настраивать образовательные программы для достижения целевых показателей Самарского университета.
The implementation of students' individual educational trajectories (IET) in training ensures variability of content, activities and procedural parts of the educational process as well as enriches the learning environment. The article deals with the experience of IET implementation at Samara University in 2021-2023, highlights its unique features and a dedicated logic of educational track design in respect to the main professional educational programs designed for higher education (MPEPHE) with due regard to the education levels (Bachelor's and Specialist's degree programs; Master's degree programs). The mechanism for Minor Block content filling with academic disciplines pertaining to the brand-based competences of Samara University, based on the open IET discipline competition, is examined in detail. The quality of the individual educational trajectory formation can be assessed based on the analysis of the student audience involvement. The findings of the first-year students survey when they selected IET disciplines are specified in the article, with due regard to the content and organizational features which their choice was based on. Academic achievements and educational outcomes of students when mastering the IET disciplines are fixed in the personal competency profile. The analysis of survey data of the undergraduate and graduate students, who majored in the most in-demand IET academic disciplines, led to conclude that self-reflection, self-awareness and self-determination are extra IET training outcomes. The implementation of the IET model allows for flexible adjustment of educational programs to achieve the performance targets of Samara University.

This article deals with the controversial issue of F.M. Dostoevsky's concept of "Higher Individuals." The latter are people who rise above other people and have a special influence on society and on history. The authors argue that this concept is most clearly expressed in "The Diary of a Writer" (1876) as well as in the story "The Sentence", along with Dostoevsky's commentaries on this story. By means of a detailed analysis of Raskolnikov's "theory" within the novel "Crime and Punishment", it is demonstrated that only a superficial version of the concept of "higher individuals" is refuted in the heroes' argumentations; at the same time, the novel's characters – Marmeladov, his wife Katerina Ivanovna, and Raskolnikov – can be viewed as examples of different degrees in the personal accomplishment of this "higher personality" state. In conclusion, it is observed how a person must go through three stages of development in order to become a "higher character": firstly, the experience of an existential crisis and the understanding of the lack of meaning in one's life; secondly, the "rebellion" against the Creator of the world and its laws along with the rejection of the traditional church faith, whose rejection leads this person on the edge of suicide; thirdly, the acquisition of a new faith, first of all, a faith in one's immortality, which happens in an unusual, unorthodox form, as is well demonstrated by the character of Svidrigailov in Dostoevsky's novel. According to Dostoevsky's doctrine, the meaning ofimmortality lies in the continuation of a person's existence in a new form in the earthly world or in a "parallel" world similar to the earthly one, and not in the ideal Kingdom of Heaven, as the church claims. Finally, the authors maintain that the process of a character's transformation into a "higher individual" was consistently and fully described by Dostoevsky in the stories of Raskolnikov and Ivan Karamazov.

Introduction. The article presents the principles of classification of precedent phenomena used by different researchers, and also gives the author's classification of the material. The generalization of views on the phenomenon of intertextuality is given, the specificity of the individual author's paradigmatics of M. Weller is determined.Originality. The analysis involved the texts of the collection of stories «Legends of different crossroads», «B. Babylonian» M. I. Weller, whose material made it possible to identify the following types of precedent phenomena: direct quotations, transformed quotations, allusions, references and hints. It has been established that they all differ in the variety of stylistic directions of donor texts, reflecting the author's worldview.Topicality of Research. It should be noted that such a research is conducted for the first time in Ukraine. The article focuses on the impact of social and political changes, social-political factors, living conditions on language consciousness, outlook and worldview by means of association verbalization of recipients' consciousness.The study of intertextuality as a dialogue between Mikhail Weller and the reader in the context of the manifestation of linguistic memory and reader's perception is relevant, especially in connection with the lack of sufficient theoretical development of the artistic heritage of M. Weller. The novelty of the research is determined by the possibility of giving on concrete material the problems that are significant for modern linguistics related to the category of intertextuality.Methodological base of the research. The article is made in line with an interdisciplinary approach. The following main factors were taken into account: the linguistic personality of the writer, formed in a certain socio-historical period; the phenomenon of intertextuality, the «reader's response» associated with the peculiarities of his linguistic memory and perception.Results. The most numerous type of intertextual inclusions was determined by M. Weller. These are allusions. Depending on the source, the following types of allusions were identified: biblicalisms, mythologisms, proverbs and sayings, nominations, toponyms, Soviet stamps and expressions, references to names, terms, signs of culture.Perspectives. The largest place among the precedent names used in the collections is occupied by names from the sphere of politics. In the future, it is planned to compile a typology of precedent names from the sphere of politics based on the texts of M. Weller. We also consider it expedient to study the features of the reader's perception of intertextual units using the psycholinguistic method. The next article will present the results of an experiment to determine the intertextual competence of recipients. ; У статті проаналізовано явище інтертекстуальності в художньому тексті, узагальнено погляди на феномен інтертекстуальності, представлені принципи класифікації прецедентних феноменів. До аналізу залучено тексти збірок оповідань «Легенди різних перехресть», «Б. Вавилонська» М. І. Веллера. Матеріал дозволив виокремити такі типи інтертекстів: прямі цитати, трансформовані цитати, алюзії, відсилання і натяки. Встановлено, що всі вони відрізняються різноманіттям стильових напрямків текстів-донорів, що відображають світогляд автора і специфіку його індивідуально-авторської парадигматики. Були враховані такі основні фактори: мовна особистість письменника, що сформувалася в певний соціально-історичний період; феномен інтертекстуальності, «відгук читача», пов'язаний з особливостями його мовної пам'яті і сприйняття. Встановлено, що серед прецедентних імен, використовуваних у збірниках, найбільше місце займають імена зі сфери політики. У перспективі передбачається скласти типологію прецедентних імен зі сфери політики на матеріалі текстів М. Веллера, а також вивчити особливості читацького сприйняття інтертекстуальних одиниць за допомогою психолінгвістичної методики.

Introduction. The article presents the principles of classification of precedent phenomena used by different researchers, and also gives the author's classification of the material. The generalization of views on the phenomenon of intertextuality is given, the specificity of the individual author's paradigmatics of M. Weller is determined.Originality. The analysis involved the texts of the collection of stories «Legends of different crossroads», «B. Babylonian» M. I. Weller, whose material made it possible to identify the following types of precedent phenomena: direct quotations, transformed quotations, allusions, references and hints. It has been established that they all differ in the variety of stylistic directions of donor texts, reflecting the author's worldview.Topicality of Research. It should be noted that such a research is conducted for the first time in Ukraine. The article focuses on the impact of social and political changes, social-political factors, living conditions on language consciousness, outlook and worldview by means of association verbalization of recipients' consciousness.The study of intertextuality as a dialogue between Mikhail Weller and the reader in the context of the manifestation of linguistic memory and reader's perception is relevant, especially in connection with the lack of sufficient theoretical development of the artistic heritage of M. Weller. The novelty of the research is determined by the possibility of giving on concrete material the problems that are significant for modern linguistics related to the category of intertextuality.Methodological base of the research. The article is made in line with an interdisciplinary approach. The following main factors were taken into account: the linguistic personality of the writer, formed in a certain socio-historical period; the phenomenon of intertextuality, the «reader's response» associated with the peculiarities of his linguistic memory and perception.Results. The most numerous type of intertextual inclusions was determined by M. Weller. These are allusions. Depending on the source, the following types of allusions were identified: biblicalisms, mythologisms, proverbs and sayings, nominations, toponyms, Soviet stamps and expressions, references to names, terms, signs of culture.Perspectives. The largest place among the precedent names used in the collections is occupied by names from the sphere of politics. In the future, it is planned to compile a typology of precedent names from the sphere of politics based on the texts of M. Weller. We also consider it expedient to study the features of the reader's perception of intertextual units using the psycholinguistic method. The next article will present the results of an experiment to determine the intertextual competence of recipients. ; У статті проаналізовано явище інтертекстуальності в художньому тексті, узагальнено погляди на феномен інтертекстуальності, представлені принципи класифікації прецедентних феноменів. До аналізу залучено тексти збірок оповідань «Легенди різних перехресть», «Б. Вавилонська» М. І. Веллера. Матеріал дозволив виокремити такі типи інтертекстів: прямі цитати, трансформовані цитати, алюзії, відсилання і натяки. Встановлено, що всі вони відрізняються різноманіттям стильових напрямків текстів-донорів, що відображають світогляд автора і специфіку його індивідуально-авторської парадигматики. Були враховані такі основні фактори: мовна особистість письменника, що сформувалася в певний соціально-історичний період; феномен інтертекстуальності, «відгук читача», пов'язаний з особливостями його мовної пам'яті і сприйняття. Встановлено, що серед прецедентних імен, використовуваних у збірниках, найбільше місце займають імена зі сфери політики. У перспективі передбачається скласти типологію прецедентних імен зі сфери політики на матеріалі текстів М. Веллера, а також вивчити особливості читацького сприйняття інтертекстуальних одиниць за допомогою психолінгвістичної методики.

Political economy moves in wave-like patterns. Initially it had a universal character, simply as economic knowledge. Then came Karl Marx, with his Capital and critique of political economy. Later still came the division that saw some scholars accept Marxist political economy and others, the ideas denoted by the Russian transcription "ekomomiks". This verbal history of the terms that have been used to designate economic science may be topped off by referring to the fates and activity of the people who restore its fortunes. There are few such people, but the main thing is that they exist. Among them is the professor (and political economist!) V.V. Chekmarev. The purpose of this article is to show the influence of political economy on all aspects of human existence by reviewing the stages in the life of an outstanding representative of the scholarly world of economists, a person who has given 50 of his 70 years to the service of science.

This article analyzes the development of the personality in the cultural-historical process in the concept of the great German philosopher Georg Villeguelma Friedrich Gegel. In the heart of development status of the individual in the history of Gegel examines the progress of consciousness of freedom.

The article examines current issues related to the procedural aspects of the institution of the bankruptcy of individuals. After the appearance of the possibility of recognizing an individual as untenable, a number of important problems emerged that prevent the bankruptcy institution from working effectively. The author has identified the main problems emerging between the participants in the bankruptcy procedure of citizens, as well as their consequences. One of the most acute problems of the institution of the bankruptcy of an individual that requires a primary decision is the working conditions of the arbitration manager (as part of the bankruptcy of a citizen - financial manager). In conclusion, it is concluded that the real situation of the debtor, creditor and manager within the bankruptcy, and the problems arising from this do not allow the insolvency institution to function effectively today. Accordingly, it is necessary to resolve the above problems as soon as possible at the legislative level.

The article studies lexical, syntactical, and stylistic means of selfpresentation of Eu. Roizman, Mayor of Yekaterinburg ; Статья посвящена исследованию лексико-синтаксических и изобразительно-выразительных языковых средств самопрезентации мэра г. Екатеринбурга Е. Ройзмана

This article presents a new educational discipline, "The concept of the human individual in Marxism and Neomarxism". Using a historical methodology, a brief survey is provided of the main approaches and models, and of the concepts of the human individual. The need is demonstrated for studying human beings as subjects of economic life, and for understanding the motives and conditions responsible for shaping their economic behaviour. The article sets out the content of the main themes of the course, themes that include the basic positions of Marxism on capital, labour, the labour market and the nature of humanity, and also the vision of the human individual and of his or her place in economic life as put forward by other schools and currents. At the end of the article a list of recommended literature is appended. The article concludes that teaching this discipline as an elective for students can act as an important element in the training of personnel management specialists.

According to experience of countries with advanced market economy, particularly USA, successful development is possible only if centralized and individual planning approaches used are in harmony. Fundamental drawback of contemporary Russian strategic documents and long-lasting projects is that they are not subject to obligatory public discussion in scientific expertise communities and legislative bodies while depending on hidden decisions taken by executive power bodies. ; Опыт стран с развитой рыночной экономикой, в особенности США, свидетельствует о том, что успехи в развитии возможны только при наличии гармонии между централизованным и индивидуальным планированием. Коренной недостаток современных стратегических документов и долгосрочных проектов в России состоит в необязательности их публичного обсуждения в научно-экспертном сообществе и в законодательных органах, а также в их зависимости от келейных решений исполнительной власти.

This article reveals the essence and significance of informational socialization of the youth from the point of view of their formation as individuals and identifies the socio-psychological characteristics of digital socialization of the youth in the crisis conditions of the new era. Socialization is considered as a twofold process, where the older generation and society are presented as a mediator and transmitter of social experience to generations, and an individual, as an adopter of the experience that finds its characteristic place in society, becomes a capable participant in social interaction. The methodological basis of the study was the theoretical provisions of foreign and Russian scientists, general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis and generalization of the material. The work analyzes the scientific literature and studies the arguments of scientists on this issue. The peculiarity of informational socialization of the individual in the crisis conditions of Kyrgyzstan is noted. The theoretical significance of the article lies in the revealing of the content of informational socialization of the individual, the development of the policy of «human capital», the recognition of the social potential of the youth as a value of society, the development of effective mechanisms for the socialization of the youth in the context of the transition to an information society and digitalization of communications, which are considered new topical trends in modern science and are the goal of the work of the authors of the article. The practical significance of the article lies in the fact that the conclusions and provisions contained in it reveal the ways of the phased implementation of targeted youth development programs, which reflects the quantitative and qualitative relationship between the results of educational activities, vocational education, labor activity and the future well-being of the individual.

The implementation of the law on bankruptcy of citizens (individuals) will change the economic situation and financial relationships between insolvent citizens and creditors. It should take into account by the individual debtor, various commercial organizations, and government agencies. First, these are the commercial banks, collection agencies, tax authorities, NGOs, as well as the counterparties, where guarantors are individuals. Evaluation of insolvency requires the formation of the database containing the information about the financial position of the bankrupt, criteria and indicators for the diagnosis of insolven cy and capacity to repay the debt, the timing and order of the bankruptcy of an individual. The article investigates the approaches to the diagnosis of insolvency of an individual, as well as the possible consequences and the risk of losses for businesses and government agencies, which deal with individuals as the borrowers or guarantors. ; Вступивший в силу 1 октября2015 г. закон о банкротстве граждан (физических лиц) изменит экономическое положение и финансовые взаимоотношения неплатежеспособных граждан и кредиторов. Это следует принимать во внимание должникам–физическим лицам, различным коммерческим организациям, государственным структурам. Прежде всего, это коммерческие банки, коллекторские агентства, налоговая служба, внебюджетные фонды, а также контрагенты организаций, где поручителями и гарантами выступают физические лица. Оценка неплатежеспособности требует формирования информационной базы об имущественном положении банкрота, критериев и показателей диагностики его неплатежеспособности и возможностей погасить долг, сроков и порядка проведения банкротства физического лица. В статье рассматриваются подходы к диагностике неплатежеспособности физического лица, а также возможные последствия и риск потерь для организаций и государственных структур, деятельность которых связана с физическими лицами как заемщиками или гарантами.

В статье рассматриваются книга как важный образ для антиутопии, ее ведущие функции в романах данного жанра и их трансформации. Жанр антиутопии популяризируется в конце XX и начале XXI в., переосмысляет современные проблемы человечества и показывает их читателю в нереальном (или относительно реальном) времени и пространстве с долей гиперболизации. В произведениях находят отклик вопросы снижения интереса к чтению, положения книги в обществе и сохранения памяти и истории. Книга является хранителем коллективной и индивидуальной памяти, обнаруживаемой как одна из первостепенных проблем антиутопий, жители которых существуют в мире культурной травмы. Материалом исследования выступают русские литературные антиутопии XXI в.: роман Т. Толстой «Кысь» и трилогия Д. Глуховского «Метро». Для определения функций книги в произведениях жанра автор использует методы описания, сопоставления и интертекстуального анализа. Так, в статье доказывается, что книга в антиутопических романах частично утрачивает свою изначальную функцию хранения и передачи памяти потомкам, зачастую становится табуированной сферой культуры, может нести физическую или ментальную опасность, а также выступать в качестве оружия и инструмента управления разумом человека. Подобная трансформация обусловлена потерей связи людей с исторической и культурной памятью, а также коренными изменениями в коллективной памяти, что происходит после катастрофы, положившей начало тому или иному антиутопичному художественному миру.
The article considers the book as an important image for dystopia, its leading functions in the novels of this genre and their transformation. The dystopia genre is popularized at the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century, rethinks the modern problems of humankind and shows them to the reader in unreal (or relatively real) time and space with a proportion of hyperbolization. The issues of decreasing interest in reading, the position of the book in society and the preservation of memory and history resonate in the works. The book is the custodian of collective and individual memory, which is revealed as one of the paramount problems of dystopias the inhabitants of which exist in the world of cultural trauma. The research material is Russian literary dystopias of the 21st century: the novel "Kys" by T. Tolstaya and the trilogy "Metro" by D. Glukhovsky. To determine the functions of the book in the works of the genre, the author uses the methods of description, comparison, and intertextual analysis. Thus, the article proves that the book in dystopian novels partially loses its original function of storing and transmitting memory to descendants, often becomes a taboo sphere of culture, can carry physical or mental danger, and also act as a weapon and a tool to control the human mind. Such a transformation is due to the loss of people's connection with historical and cultural memory, as well as fundamental changes in collective memory, which occurs after the catastrophe that marked the beginning of one or another dystopian fictional world.