[Title: Indonesian Language and Nationalism in Indonesia] This paper reveals the relationship between the Indonesian language and nationalism, and their relation to one another. Indonesian recognized derived from the Malay language is the lingua franca formerly in trade in the archipelago. This paper is lifted language and nationalism with the following questions: (1) how the Malay language to be Indonesian? (2) how the spirit of Indonesian nationalism becomes a factor?, (3) how the Indonesian language in Indonesia's national and local context? From the results it appears that the Indonesian study originated from the ancient Malay language which evolved into the lingua franca in the association between the peoples of the Indonesian archipelago. Malay language that can momentum in youth congress Indonesia II (1928), expressed as the Indonesian language. Associated with nationalism, the Indonesian language becomes an important factor because of the language, ideas of nationhood developed within political organizations in the colonial period and the period afterwards. Indonesian in a local context to be understood that the regional languages have enriched the Indonesian language in its development. Next in the national context, the Indonesian language remain important, as a symbol of unity, a unifying tool, serves as an introduction in education, as a means of communication at the national level, as a means of development of culture, science, and technology.
This study is about the development gap in eastern Indonesia. This research is motivated by the existence of big problems that still faced by Indonesia up to now is the happening of development gap. The purpose of this research is the policy strategy in overcoming the gap between eastern Indonesia and West Indonesia region. This research uses the qualitative approach with discourse analysis method. Data collection method is done by triangulation technique of data source. Meanwhile, the data processing conducted by the researcher is data reduction. The result of this study is to provide an alternative policy that can be used and somewhat different from the mainstream which usually overcomes the gap by directly implementing the infrastructure development policy which until now based on the evaluation did not directly solve the problem, as evidenced by the many results of the construction of the stagnant infrastructure. Through this study, it is found that there are major issues that are more fundamental and often overlooked by policy makers. The main issues are grouped into three major groups of major issues, namely: Comprehensive Planning and Budgeting, Data and Information Effectiveness, and Professionalism of Civil State Apparatus.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of per capita income and the level of security in Singapore, Thailand and Malaysia on the brain drain of Indonesia and to find out how the impact of brain drain on Indonesia. The research method used is descriptive quantitative and uses panel data regression analysis. Based on the model specification test that has been carried out using the Chow test and the Hausman test, both suggest using the fixed effect model. The results show that the per capita income of Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand has a negative and significant effect on Indonesia's brain drain. The income of the destination area is a pull factor for the occurrence of brain drain, but if the government has increased domestic wages, it can reduce brain drain. The level of security in Singapore, Thailand and Malaysia has a negative and insignificant effect on brain drain in Indonesia, although the level of security is high in these countries, it does not necessarily guarantee legal protection for Indonesian workers who work there. If the brain drain continues, it will have a bad impact on Indonesia. Indonesia will lack a highly educated, expert or skilled workforce, so that Indonesia will be left far behind other countries in terms of economy, social and knowledge. For this reason, policies that support the development of domestic human resources are needed. ; Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa pengaruh pendapatan perkapita dan tingkat keamanan negara Singapura, Thailand dan Malaysia terhadap brain drain Indonesia serta untuk mengetahui bagaimana dampak brain drain terhadap Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dan menggunakan analisis regresi data panel. Berdasarkan uji spesifikasi model yang telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji chow dan uji hausman keduanya menyarankan untuk menggunakan fixed effect model. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendapatan perkapita Singapura, Malaysia dan Thailand berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap brain ...
ABSTRAKSistem politik pada negara-negara pascakolonial saat ini, yang telah dibagun atas dasar kontruksi berfikir berbasis moderisasi, demokratisasi dan liberalisasi justru memunculkan terciptanya sistem politik otoritian yang semakin digdaya. Kontruksi teoritis seharusnya menjadi semacam main reference dalam mengarahkan dan memandu perpolitikan Indonesia. Munculnya konsep negara-bangsa yang pada akhirnya mempersatukan orang-orang Indonesia dari beraneka ragam bahasa, budaya dan etnis ke dalam satu unit politik dan kesadaran akan kesamaan berkembang dalam diri masyarakat Indonesia. Identitas politik yang bernama negara-bangsa ini menginginkan terciptanya suatu bentuk kekuatan dan kekuasaan yang terpusat dan integral demi kepentingan politik bersama. Hal tersebut memunculkan falsafah yang sering dikampanyekan yaitu "Bhineka Tunggal Ika", ke-Bhinneka-an dipandang sebagai hal yang harus dilampaui untuk mencapai yang Tunggal.Kata Kunci: Reinventing, Politik Otoritarian, Ideologi Totaliterianisme, Negara-Bangsa, Bhineka Tunggal Ika.
Devolution of forest resource management can be suggested to create the everlasting forest, give more equity to society and be more efficient. The aim of this writing is to analyse (1) the devolution of forest resource management in Indonesia, especially society forest by examining the actor dimention involved in role transfer and right dimention and responsibilities which are devoluted; (2) the realization of policy implementation of forest resource devolution at field level; (3) the implication of devolution to forest resource conservation and social equity at the community level; and (4) doing comparison effort between Indonesia and Philipina to take a lesson from Philipine experience. Based on government policy noted in government rules, the actor who gets role transfer to manage forest resource through society forest is family, whereas a group or cooperation can play role as a place to unite the families power. The right of society forest which is given for along thirty five years and it can be extended, gives a quite long security to right owner. But then the realization of the society forest policy is still very small, it has not covered more than 400 hectares of state forest area. The implication from this program to forest resource conservation has not been significant, even it looks inversely that society forest pushses degradation and deforestration. It happens because the forest areas which are made to be society forest are the forest areas which were farmed out by society for agriculture or plantation in the early time when the national situation were in monetery, economical, and political crisis. The development of forest management devolution through CBFM in Philipine is more progressive than society forest in Indonesia. CBFM in Philipine has reached almost 6 million hectares or 20% from total of state forest area. The role of president, authorities in DENR area, and local government such as regency and provincy is very important to realize the devolution of forest resource management to society through CBFM.
En la actualidad se hablan casi 7 mil lenguas en el mundo, donde la interacción entre las sociedades es cada vez mayor, gracias al desarrollo tecnológico del transporte, la información y la comunicación; el fenómeno de las lenguas emergentes adquiere más vigor y presencia en el escenario geopolítico mundial y requiere más atención por parte de los gobiernos e interesados en estos temas. Es el caso de la lengua indonesia, mejor conocida como Bahasa Indonesia, la cual es la lengua ofi cial de la República de Indonesia, hablada por unos 280 millones de personas en el sudeste asiático, cuyas características lingüísticas, lucen bastante accesibles a los hispanohablantes. ; In a world like today, where almost 7000 languages are spoken, where the interaction between societies of diff erent countries is growing, driven by the development of transportation means, new information and communication technologies, the phenomenon of emerging languages, which are now gaining more strength and presence in the global geopolitical scenario are requiring more attention from governments and scholars. Th is is the case of the Indonesian language, known as Bahasa Indonesia, which is the offi cial language of the Republic of Indonesia, and which is spoken by about 280 million people in Southeastern Asia thanks to its linguistic features, seems quite accessible for Spanish speakers. ; 157-164 ; alportillo@ula.ve, alportillo12@gmail.com, alpor6@hotmail.com ; Semestral
Introduction: Imbalanced distribution of healthcare providers between urban and rural areas is one of the difficulties facing health service provision in Indonesia. Several regulations have been made by the governmentto solve the problem. The objective of this paper is to describe the provision of human resources for healthcare services in Indonesia. Methodology: A review of medical related electronic databases, CINAHL and Ovid MEDLINE, was undertaken from their commencement date until the end of January 2017. The grey literature from the Indonesian government, the World Health Organisation and the World Bank websites was also searched. Results: There were 92 articles identified from the CINAHL and 222 articles from the Ovid MEDLINE databases. Five articles were included from the two databases and five documents from grey literature with ten articles to be reviewed. Discussion: Nurses and midwives account for the largest proportion of healthcare providers in Indonesia. The ratio of healthcare providers in Indonesia is lower than the average of South-East Asian and other lower middle income countries. More than half of the healthcare providers in Indonesia provide care in community health centres. Several regulations have been proclaimed to improve the imbalanced proportion of healthcare providers across the country. Conclusion: Indonesia continues to develop strategies towards successful distribution of healthcare providers across the country. A study investigating the impact of the programs reducing the imbalanced distribution of healthcare providers on health outcomes is essential for Indonesia.
Introduction: There have been two major transitions for healthcare in Indonesia: the implementation of government decentralisation and universal health insurance. A universal public health insurance called Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) was launched in January 2014 and aims to cover all Indonesian people. Objective: The objective of this paper is to discuss the funding of healthcare in Indonesia through a comparison with other South East Asian countries. Methodology: A search for relevant literature was undertaken using electronic databases, Ovid Medline, ProQuest Central, and Scopus from their commencement date until December 2015. The grey literature from the Indonesian government, the WHO's and World Bank's website, has been included. Results: There were nine articles from Ovid Medline, eight from ProQuest Central, and 12 from Scopus that met the criteria. Seventeen articles were duplicates leaving 12 articles to be reviewed. Nine documents have been identified from grey literature. Discussion: Most people in Indonesia sought health services from the private sector and were out-ofpocket financially or did not receive the required care. The private sector delivered 62.1% of health services compared to 37.9% by the government. Despite some inappropriate use of previous health insurance, the BPJS is expected to have improved management and will cover all citizens by the end of 2019. Conclusion: Indonesia has undergone a series of changes to health system funding and health insurance. There are lessons that can be learnt from other countries, such as Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam, so that Indonesia can improve its health funding. Abbreviations: BPJS – Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial.
Madrasah are an institution whose emphasis is teaching Islamic sciences. Madrasah in the implementation are almost the same as schools in general. However, madrassas have more distinctive characteristics, namely the characteristic of Islam which is applied in learning, environment, educators and students. The history of the emergence of madrasah in Indonesia cannot be separated from the emergence of renewal ideas among Muslims. Around the beginning of the 20th century many scholars who established madrassas in Indonesia both personally and organizationally. Such as Madrasah Adabiyah, Madrasah School, Madrasah Diniyah, Arabiyah School, Madrasah Diniyah Putri and Madrasas established by Islamic organizations in Indonesia. The history of the growth and development of madrasah in Indonesia can be divided into four periods: (1) Development of madrasah before Indonesia independent, at this time was a growth period for madrasah in almost all regions of Indonesia established madrasah with varying names and levels. (2) The development of madrasah at the beginning of Indonesia's independence or the old order, at this time was a period of unification and uniformity of madrassas which previously varied. (3) The development of madrasah in the New Order era, at this time was an attempt to incorporate madrassas into the national education system through decisions, laws or government regulations. (4) The development of madrasah in the reform era, at this time was a period of decentralization of education where the implementation of religious education was handed over to the District / City.
Kajian ini bertujuan mengurai perdebatan yang terjadi antara agama dan negara, dimana setiap agama mempunyai sikap yang berbeda dalam hubungan antara agama dan negara tersebut. Metode kajian dilakukan melalui studi pustaka atas penelitian yang berkaitan dengan persoalan tersebut. Melalui perspektif politik David Easton dan politik Islam kontemporer, secara garis besar terdapat dua arah dalam memandang agama Islam dan Negara Indonesia. Pertama, Islam merupakan agama yang monoteistik dan mencakup segala aspek kehidupan dan dalam rangka mengimplementasikan ajaran tersebut secara utuh, maka berdirinya negara Islam merupakan suatu keharusan. Kedua, Islam dan Indonesia sudah berkait dalam suatu prinsip dasar berbangsa dan bernegara yaitu Pancasila, bahkan jika dicermati sila satu Pancasila "Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa", sila tersebut mengisyaratkan monoteistik. Dan apabila dibandingkan dengan agama lain konsep ketuhanan dalam agama Islam menganut kepercayaan kepada satu Tuhan (monoteis). --- This study aims to parse debate between religion and state, where each religion has a different attitude in the relationship between religion and the state. The method of the study carried out through a literature study on research related to the issue. Through David Easton's political perspective and contemporary Islamic politics, there are broadly two directions in viewing Islam and the Indonesian State. First, Islam is a monotheistic religion and encompasses all aspects of life, and in order to implement the teachings in full, the establishment of an Islamic state is a must. Secondly, Islam and Indonesia have been linked in a fundamental principle of nationhood and state, namely Pancasila, even if observed by the precepts of one Pancasila "Godhead of the Almighty", the precepts imply monotheism. And when compared to other religions, the concept of God in Islam embraces the belief in one God (monotheist).
Perkembangan masyarakat kontemporer di Indonesia yang sejalan dengan perkembangan teknologi global ternyata juga ikut berdampak pada munculnya konflik sosial secara khusus. Konflik semacam itu melibatkan kelompok kelas menengah yang memiliki nilai-nilai demokrasi. Di sisi lain, konflik itu juga itu ikut membentuk dinamika di dalam pergerakan sosial baru. Gerakan sosial baru di Indonesia adalah anak kandung yang lahir dari sistem demokratis dimana partisipasi politik secara langsung dilakukan sehingga dapat mempengaruhi kebijakan publik, khususnya yang dapat menjawab tuntutan atas kesetaraan dan perlindungan bagi hak-hak minoritas. Reformasi 1998 memang menjadi landasan bagi arah pembentukan tradisi demokratis di Indonesia, meski demikian, membutuhkan waktu hampir enam tahun lamanya setelah 1998 dimana demokrasi secara langsung diterapkan melalui sistem elektoral yakni pada saat PILPRES di tahun 2004. Dengan kata lain, transisis Indonesia menuju suatu bangsa yang demokratis masih harus terus mengembangkan beragam bentuk partisipasi politik.
Abstract Ties of cooperation between Indonesia and Japan have established more than half a century . Along the way , Japan has played a role in encouraging the economic development of Indonesia . The author discusses the economic dominance of Japan against Indonesia in Electronics Sector .As we know that the Japanese economic dominance in the electronics sector Indonesia was caused by the absorption of Indonesian electronics market is so big on electronics from Japan , the Indonesian government issued a regulation of import substitution policies , enactment of liberal economic policies through agreements such as the WTO , in addition to the confidence ndonesia society against the Japanese electronics so great because they are relatively affordable and good quality . Making Japanese electronics goods spread in Indonesia so it causes in cooperation between Indonesia and Japan carried more favorable to the Japanese rather than Indonesian .In looking at this issue of national importance is the basis for cooperation between Indonesia and Japan , because basically between Indonesia and Japan 's economic cooperation with a view to the welfare of society , although in fact the same work in the country of Japan is more profitable than the country of Indonesia .This is possible because, according to David Ricardo in the theory that free trade , technological mastery and hard work into success factors of a country . For a country that controls the technology will increasingly benefit from free trade , while only relying on the country 's natural wealth will be lost in international competition .With that condition more clearly that Japan is more advantaged than Indonesia Key Words: Domination, electronic Trade, National Interes Abstrak Hubugan kerjasama antara Indonesia dan Jepang telah terjalin lebih dari setengah abad. Selama itu pula, Jepang telah turut berperan dalam mendorong pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia. Penulis membahas mengenai Dominasi Ekonomi Jepang terhadap Indonesia Dalam Sektor Elektronik.Seperti kita ketahui bahwa dominasi ekonomi Jepang dalam sektor elektronik Indonesia itu disebabkan oleh daya serap pasar elektronik indonesia begitu besar terhadap elektronik dari jepang, regulasi pemerintah Indonesia yang mengeluarkan kebijakan substitusi impor , diberlakukannya kebijakan-kebijakan ekonomi liberal melalui kesepakatan seperti WTO, di samping itu kepercayaan masyarakat ndonesia terhadap elektronik Jepang begitu besar karena harganya relatif terjangkau dan kualitasnya bagus. Sehingga menjadikan barang- barang elektronik Jepang begitu menyebar di Indonesia hal itu menyebabkan kerja sama yang di laksanakan antara Indonesia dengan Jepang lebih menguntungkan kepada pihak Jepang daripada Indonesia.Dalam melihat masalah ini kepentingan nasional menjadi dasar bagi hubungan kerja sama antara Indonesia Jepang, karena pada dasarnya antara Indonesia dan Jepang melakukan kerja sama ekonomi itu dengan tujuan untuk mensejahterakan masyarakatnya, walaupun pada kenyataanya dalam kerja sama ini negara Jepang lebih di untungkan daripada negara Indonesia.Hal itu dimungkinkan karena menurut David Ricardo dalam teori perdagangan bebas bahwa, penguasaan teknologi dan kerja keras menjadi faktor keberhasilan suatu negara. Bagi suatu negara yang menguasai teknologi akan semakin diuntungkan dengan adanya perdagangan bebas ini, sedangkan negara yang hanya mengandalkan kepada kekayaan alam akan kalah dalam persaingan internasional.Dengan kondisi itu lebih jelas bahwa Jepang lebih diuntungkan ketimbang Indonesia. Kata Kunci: Dominasi, Perdagangan Elektronik, Kepentingan Nasional
ABSTRAKUntuk mencapai standar pendidikan nasional di Indonesia, Pemerintah Indonesia dan Pemerintah Australia merancang serta mempersiapkan program pengembangan pendidikan untuk peningkatan pendidikan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini akan mengidentifikasi factor pendorong apa saja yang mendorong mengapa sampai saat ini Australia masih memberikan bantuan dibidang pendidikan untuk Indonesia serta program kerjasama sama apa yang sudah dilakukan kedua negara. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah melalui berbagai referensi dari sumber tertulis terkait dengan focus penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kerjasama bilateral yang dilakukan kedua negara begitu baik dikarenakan ada kepentingan-kepentingan dari kedua negara yaitu Pemerintah Australia juga Pemerintah Indonesia. Program-program yang telah dan sementara dilakukan oleh kedua negara juga banyak menguntungkan kedua negara ini, terutama program kerjasama dalam bidang pendidikan. Kata kunci : Pendidikan Indonesi; Kerjasama Bilateral; Bantuan Pendidikan ABSTRACTTo achieve national education standards in Indonesia, the Government of Indonesia and the Australian Government designed and prepared educational development programs for improving education in Indonesia. This research will identify what driving factors are driving why Australia has still provided assistance in the field of education for Indonesia and what cooperation programs have been carried out by the two countries. The method used in this study is through various references from written sources related to the focus of research. The results of the study show that the bilateral cooperation carried out by the two countries was very good because there were interests from both countries, namely the Australian Government and the Indonesian Government. The programs that have been and are being carried out by both countries have also benefited these two countries, especially cooperation programs in the field of education. Keywords: Indonesian education; Bilateral Cooperation; Educational assistance
The 2nd Australia-Indonesia Leaders Program was delivered in November 2015 for 28 emerging leaders from government, business, academia and media across Indonesia. The 12-day program to Australia included leadership training at Australia's top universities, masterclasses with senior Australian diplomats, business and media leaders as well as a range of cultural experiences. Following the success of the inaugural program, the 2nd Australia-Indonesia Leaders Program expanded to include additional leaders from state-owned enterprises and the private sector from across Indonesia. The 2nd program ran under the theme of 'Economic Diplomacy', which was identified as a key priority for both nations.
Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia merupakan salah satu lembaga penegak hukum di Indonesia yang memiliki peran sangat penting yaitu di bidang penuntutan. Sebagai lembaga penegak hukum, kejaksaan diharapkan mampu bersikap adil dan profesional sesuai dengan harapan rakyat Indonesia. Kedudukan Kejaksaan dalam ketatanegaraan Indonesia, secara administratif berada dibawah kekuasaan eksekutif, tetapi jika kita melihat kewenangannya di bidang penuntutan merupakan bagian dari wewenang kekuasaan kehakiman dalam hal ini yaitu yudikatif. Hal tersebut, menyebabkan integritas kejaksaan menjadi diragukan. Apalagi jika ada perkara hukum yang ada hubungannya dengan kekuasaan eksekutif, dikhawatirkan akan ada intervensi politik terhadap lembaga kejaksaan. Sebagai lembaga penegak hukum, kejaksaan sudah sepatutnya menjadi lembaga yang independen yang pada akhirnya akan membuat kewenangannya bebas intervensi poitik. Integritas merupakan sebuah sikap yang harus dimiliki oleh setiap aparat penegak hukum. karena dengan integritas, akan menimbulkan rasa kepercayaan dikalangan masyarakat terhadap penegakan hukum di Indonesia.
