Suchergebnisse

The aim of the article is to investigate the range of technologies used by the Russian Federation against Ukraine and to find out which of them are particularly effective and destructive as for today. The following methods were used for this study: structurally-functional, empirical and comparative. This made it possible to find out the peculiarities of propaganda influences on Ukrainian citizens and the essence of information technologies used by the RF in recent years. It is concluded that the problem of the information-manipulative technologies use by the Russian Federation in the process of the Crimean peninsula annexation, "playing the master" in Donbas, and claims to the Azov Sea are currently extremely relevant from the perspective of the negative effects and their destructive influences on the consciousness of citizens in Ukraine and the world. Moreover, significant attention should be pointed on this topic in the context of the hybrid wars expansion. In the process of the Crimea annexation, Russia actively used a powerful arsenal of manipulative information technologies and often achieved its results, namely: destabilizing Ukrainian society, preventing the development of our state through democratic modernization and conducting effective economic and social reforms. It is concluded that today, at the time of an active development of the information society, information and communication impacts become an important tool that can be used both for the development of the state and the nation and for the manipulation and destabilization of the enemy. For Ukraine, it is important to develop further information technologies, national strategy, and IT sphere. In addition, it is crucial to restrict all Russian propaganda media and concentrate on its own national interests. The best defence against Russian manipulations should be the ability to think critically and filter information that comes from any other sources.

The article is devoted to scientific and theoretical study of the influence of decentralization reform in Ukraine on the territories budget efficiency. The regulatory legislation aimed at implementing decentralization processes are analyzed. The author's definition of the concept "decentralization" is given. It is proposed to consider decentralization influence on the budget efficiency of territories through the prism of three system-forming components, in particular, administrative and territorial, political and financial aspects. The problem of each of these aspects impact is examined in detail and the functional dependence of budget efficiency on them is determined.

The architectural and construction environment has a very strong influence on the psyche of people living in it. It was noticed that the accumulation of multistory houses with evenly spaced windows of the windows helps to reduce the intelligence and increase the aggressiveness of those people who watch them daily. Similarly, the accumulation of a large number of cars that fill yards and streets is also perceived. For people that living in the city, frequent cases appearance depression. Largely it is connected with their way of life, lack of time, workload at work andhome, all sorts of trouble, and you have a gradient rate accelerated rhythm life. Theoretical concepts and concepts of A. Marshall, A. Weber, E. Hoover, W. Aizard and updated by Nobel laureate in economics P. Krugman and his are key to understanding the nature and causes of population concentration and economic activity in major cities. From the point of view of these researchers, the attractive force of cities, including the largest ones, is associated in its most general form with the emergence and development of the phenomenon of agglomeration effects (agglomerative economy). In the modern theory of agglomeration effects caused by the spatial manifestation of the action of market forces and affecting the growth of cities, researchers identify two of their main types: localization effects and urbanization effects More than 50 percent of people around the world live in cities, and the World Health Organization predicts that this share will continue to grow. People migrate to cities, in particular, in Ukraine, for many reasons, including family ties and employment opportunities, political situation in a country or region and has several serious negative consequences. In order to improve the conditions of their lives, people strive to make them more comfortable, comfortable and favorable for themselves. However, this leads to the separation of man from the natural environment of his habitation and to the violation of natural ecosystems. It creates a kind of urban system, consisting of architectural and construction objects and much disturbed natural ecosystems. Thus, the levels of urbanization in Ukraine's regions will over time be aligned. The development of existing agglomerations and the formation of new ones, in particular in the coastal part of Ukraine, will continue.

The architectural and construction environment has a very strong influence on the psyche of people living in it. It was noticed that the accumulation of multistory houses with evenly spaced windows of the windows helps to reduce the intelligence and increase the aggressiveness of those people who watch them daily. Similarly, the accumulation of a large number of cars that fill yards and streets is also perceived. For people that living in the city, frequent cases appearance depression. Largely it is connected with their way of life, lack of time, workload at work andhome, all sorts of trouble, and you have a gradient rate accelerated rhythm life. Theoretical concepts and concepts of A. Marshall, A. Weber, E. Hoover, W. Aizard and updated by Nobel laureate in economics P. Krugman and his are key to understanding the nature and causes of population concentration and economic activity in major cities. From the point of view of these researchers, the attractive force of cities, including the largest ones, is associated in its most general form with the emergence and development of the phenomenon of agglomeration effects (agglomerative economy). In the modern theory of agglomeration effects caused by the spatial manifestation of the action of market forces and affecting the growth of cities, researchers identify two of their main types: localization effects and urbanization effects More than 50 percent of people around the world live in cities, and the World Health Organization predicts that this share will continue to grow. People migrate to cities, in particular, in Ukraine, for many reasons, including family ties and employment opportunities, political situation in a country or region and has several serious negative consequences. In order to improve the conditions of their lives, people strive to make them more comfortable, comfortable and favorable for themselves. However, this leads to the separation of man from the natural environment of his habitation and to the violation of natural ecosystems. It creates a kind of urban system, consisting of architectural and construction objects and much disturbed natural ecosystems. Thus, the levels of urbanization in Ukraine's regions will over time be aligned. The development of existing agglomerations and the formation of new ones, in particular in the coastal part of Ukraine, will continue.

The architectural and construction environment has a very strong influence on the psyche of people living in it. It was noticed that the accumulation of multistory houses with evenly spaced windows of the windows helps to reduce the intelligence and increase the aggressiveness of those people who watch them daily. Similarly, the accumulation of a large number of cars that fill yards and streets is also perceived. For people that living in the city, frequent cases appearance depression. Largely it is connected with their way of life, lack of time, workload at work andhome, all sorts of trouble, and you have a gradient rate accelerated rhythm life. Theoretical concepts and concepts of A. Marshall, A. Weber, E. Hoover, W. Aizard and updated by Nobel laureate in economics P. Krugman and his are key to understanding the nature and causes of population concentration and economic activity in major cities. From the point of view of these researchers, the attractive force of cities, including the largest ones, is associated in its most general form with the emergence and development of the phenomenon of agglomeration effects (agglomerative economy). In the modern theory of agglomeration effects caused by the spatial manifestation of the action of market forces and affecting the growth of cities, researchers identify two of their main types: localization effects and urbanization effects More than 50 percent of people around the world live in cities, and the World Health Organization predicts that this share will continue to grow. People migrate to cities, in particular, in Ukraine, for many reasons, including family ties and employment opportunities, political situation in a country or region and has several serious negative consequences. In order to improve the conditions of their lives, people strive to make them more comfortable, comfortable and favorable for themselves. However, this leads to the separation of man from the natural environment of his habitation and to the violation of natural ecosystems. It creates a kind of urban system, consisting of architectural and construction objects and much disturbed natural ecosystems. Thus, the levels of urbanization in Ukraine's regions will over time be aligned. The development of existing agglomerations and the formation of new ones, in particular in the coastal part of Ukraine, will continue.

The problem of information distortion is related to the dissemination, accumulation and processing of data in the information society. Distortion of information is a certain attributive feature of human communication, and therefore, the ability to better understand and recognize it – is important for almost all spheres of public life. There are many reasons for the distortion of information, but they are mainly related to: hostile competition; conflict of opposing interests; falsification of facts, deliberate introduction of society into a deceptive state; "Erroneous" or even false explanations, conclusions and interpretations; creating a "non-existent reality" and to achieve victory over the enemy and discredit him. In practice, the greatest distortion of information is observed in the planning of works, in oral orders and in decision-making. Distorted information can be: 1) impulsive – it is noise of various nature, radio waves, special transmitting devices, as well as: fatigue, inattention, excessive emotionality; 2) episodic, which involves the extraction of information data and information provided at the appropriate time and context. There is also a strategic distortion of information, which is aimed at the gradual creation of the desired image (state, party, individual). It is determined that inaccurate messages are distributed by the main subsystems and their elements: the state, political parties, specialized services, WMC, corporations and agencies. Unreliable and unreliable data are constantly "flowing" from one area to another: intensifying and exacerbating conflicts and intensifying contradictions in society – creating crisis situations in the state. The article suggests that in Ukraine such a "tolerant and condescending" attitude of citizens to the distortion of information by the authorities, special services, political parties, officials, the media is preserved for the "stability" of patterns of behaviour and values that were inherent in the post-Soviet space (we have in mind – a person of the ...

Проаналізовано функціональні аспекти політичного впливу. Встановлено основні етапи реалізації впливу, якими є мотиваційний, операційний, процесуальний та результативний. Процес мотивації є визначальним елементом у ході визначення цілей та бажаних результатів політичного впливу. Розкрито структуру мотивів суб'єктів впливу. До мотивів ініціатора впливу належать мотиви афіліації, досягнень та влади. Операційний етап впливу полягає в аналізі й виборі адекватних ситуацій засобів впливу – ресурсів та інструментів. Охарактеризовано відмінності між ресурсами та інструментами впливу, зокрема наявний ресурс визначає можливість здійснення діяльності, а інструмент вказує на її особливості. Можливість здійснювати вплив та досягати бажаного результату визначається наявністю достатнього ресурсу та необхідних інструментів впливу. Послідовність реалізації взаємодії включає встановлення контакту між суб'єктом та об'єктом впливу, передачу інформації для формування нових поглядів чи установок, а також закріплення результату в поведінці, прийнятих рішеннях тощо. Останній етап впливу – результативний. Він включає оцінку отриманих прямих результатів та можливі наслідки, їх відповідність поставленій меті. Крім того, вплив може реалізовуватись як системно-управлінська функція. Це відповідає процесу регулювання відповідної суспільної сфери. ; Проаналізовано функціональні аспекти політичного впливу. Встановлено основні етапи реалізації впливу, якими є мотиваційний, операційний, процесуальний та результативний. Процес мотивації є визначальним елементом у ході визначення цілей та бажаних результатів політичного впливу. Розкрито структуру мотивів суб'єктів впливу. До мотивів ініціатора впливу належать мотиви афіліації, досягнень та влади. Операційний етап впливу полягає в аналізі й виборі адекватних ситуацій засобів впливу – ресурсів та інструментів. Охарактеризовано відмінності між ресурсами та інструментами впливу, зокрема наявний ресурс визначає можливість здійснення діяльності, а інструмент вказує на її особливості. Можливість здійснювати вплив та досягати бажаного результату визначається наявністю достатнього ресурсу та необхідних інструментів впливу. Послідовність реалізації взаємодії включає встановлення контакту між суб'єктом та об'єктом впливу, передачу інформації для формування нових поглядів чи установок, а також закріплення результату в поведінці, прийнятих рішеннях тощо. Останній етап впливу – результативний. Він включає оцінку отриманих прямих результатів та можливі наслідки, їх відповідність поставленій меті. Крім того, вплив може реалізовуватись як системно-управлінська функція. Це відповідає процесу регулювання відповідної суспільної сфери. ; The functional aspects of political influence were analyzed. The principal stages of the influence were considered (motivational, operational, procedural and efficient). The process of motivation is a key element in the definition for the objectives and the desired results in political influence. The motivate structure of influencing factor was determined. The influential's motives consist of affiliation motive, the achievement and the authority. The operational stage includes the analysis and the selection appropriate means of influence – resources and instruments. The differences between impact resources and instruments were characterized: existing resources determines the possibility of activities, instrument indicates the features of activities. The influence and to achieve of desired result is determined by availability of the sufficient resources and the necessary instruments of influence. The sequence of interaction is making contact between subject and object of influence and transfer of information to form new beliefs or attitudes, and consolidating the results in the behavior and the decisions. The efficient phase includes evaluation of the results, the possible consequences and their conformity to the aim pursued.

The purpose of the article is to clarify the content and the main factors influencing the investment strategy of the Chernihiv region development for the reason of the existing ambiguity in the interpretation of the investment strategy concept and factors of influence on it. The scientific approaches to determining the content of an investment strategy are examined in the article. The article is devoted to the study of instruments influencing the investment strategy of the Chernihiv region. The instruments of tax and monetary policy, affecting the investment strategy through the regulation of the financial, banking system and monetary circulation are justified. The factors of influence on the investment strategy are classified as economic, resource, innovative, social. The internal and external factors affecting the investment processes at the regional level are determined. It is proved that the important conditions for the formation and implementation of the investment strategy are the political and legal conditions for investing (political, macroeconomic stability, favorable legal framework for investors, the level of religious, territorial, ethnic conflicts in the country, contradictions between central and local authorities, etc.). The necessity of implementing measures to implement the investment strategy is substantiated. It is emphasized that the influence of the state on the formation and implementation of investment strategy involves the use of a range of forms, methods and appropriate tools. One of the most important instruments of influence is financial and monetary. The effectiveness of possible measures of influence depends primarily on ensuring political and economic stability, restoring the confidence of the population, enterprises in the state, financial and banking structures.

The subject of the study is the organizational and methodological aspects of the influence of European integration processes on accounting standardization in Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to theoretically substantiate the problems of adapting the domestic accounting system to international standards and to make promising recommendations for harmonizing financial reporting with international standards. Research methods. In writing the article, general scientific and special methods of studying economic phenomena on the influence of European integration processes on standardization of accounting in Ukraine were used. Results of work. In the course of writing the article the concepts of integration and its influence on accounting in Ukraine were considered. In Ukraine, in the context of European integration, in order to effectively implement international financial reporting standards as a market economy instrument, the following issues must be resolved: to effectively implement international financial reporting standards, it is necessary to harmonize the norms of international standards in Ukraine with P(C)BU; to develop the regulatory framework of IFRS of Ukraine in order to avoid double system of financial reporting (for example, accounting and tax accounting); to develop the Instruction on transition of enterprises of Ukraine to the international standards of financial reporting; to bring the generally accepted accounting principles of Ukraine in line with the International Financial Reporting Standards with the establishment of regulations on the application of IFRS; Establish a sound management system for the preparation of IFRS financial statements. Scope of results. Enterprises of Ukraine. Conclusions. The creation of the European Union promoted the unification and standardization of accounting in the member states of the association in the post–war period. Subsequently, with the enlargement of the European Union, it grew and its influence on the standardization of accounting in European countries. ...

The article covers the role of some presidents in shaping the foreign policies of Latin American states. A concise characteristic of their influence upon the home and foreign policy of Argentina, Chile and Costa-Rica has been provided. The activities of past and contemporary women-politicians are analyzed (Eva Peron, Maria Estella Martines de Peron, Cristina Elisabet Fernández de Kirchner, Laura Chinchilla Miranda, Verónica Michelle Bachelet Jeria). The article contains concise descriptions of their biographies which, undoubtedly, had influenced their activities as leaders of the states and defined the general tendency of foreign policies of the states in the region. Key words: President, foreign politics, personality influence politics, Latin America. ; Статтю присвячено ролі окремих президентів в розвитку зовнішньої політики держав Латинської Америки. Особливу увагу зосереджено на особистісному впливі у формуванні внутрішньої та зовнішньої політики Аргентини, Чилі та Коста-Ріки, їх ролі в утвердженні цих держав у сучасному світі. Аналізується діяльність жінок-політиків як минулого, так і сучасності (Ева Перон, Марія Естела Мартінес де Перон, Крістіна Фернандес де Кіршнер, Лаура Чинчілья Міранда, Вероніка Мішель Бачелет Херіа). У статті стисло подано їхні життєписи, які значною мірою впливали на їхню діяльність як керівників держави та відображали загальну тенденцію зовнішньої політики держав цього регіону.Ключові слова: президент, зовнішня політика, особистісний вимір політики, Латинська Америка.

Introduction. The unemployment rate is one of the key indicators of economic development and public welfare of the population of each country. This phenomenon affects practically all aspects of the economic life of society. In particular, the negative impact of unemployment on economic reproduction, the standard of living of the country's population, as well as on the volume of tax revenues to the state budget and on the size of the tax burden for the working population, etc. Currently, the main feature of unemployment in Ukraine is an imbalance between demand and supply of labor. The imbalance of the labor market is largely due to the lack of systematic interaction between stakeholders - government bodies, vocational education, employers and employees. Common for the domestic labor market is the lack of analysis and forecasting at the state level of the number and qualifications of employees in the economy, the lack of a flexible system of qualification, and the weak link between educational institutions and potential employers for their graduates.Purpose. The purpose of the study is to reveal the contradictory effects of unemployment on the reproduction process in Ukraine.Results. The causes of unemployment in Ukraine are revealed. The dynamics and influence of unemployment on the reproduction process in Ukraine are analyzed. The effect of unemployment on the level of GDP is determined. The main negative consequences are the incomplete use of the country's resource potential and underproduction of GDP, a decrease in the standard of living of the population and the gradual loss of the country's labor potential. The features of the relationship between inflation and unemployment in Ukraine are revealed. The effects of unemployment on the reproduction process are determined. The necessity of using an active employment policy has been substantiated, which will allow to reduce the expenses for the payment of material assistance to the unemployed and direct the funds released to increase their qualification, which will allow to raise the level of labor productivity in Ukraine.Originality. Economic losses from unemployment in Ukraine and the relationship between inflation and unemployment are revealed. It is proved that unemployment causes a number of consequences of economic, political and socio-psychological nature.Conclusion. An important problem in terms of employment and the reproduction of the workforce is the improvement of unemployment management effectiveness, the coordination of the retraining system with the needs of the labor market, the development of self-employment, the reform of the system of material support for the unemployed, the development of a system of social work, improving the safety of working conditions.

The subject of the study – fiscal and monetary determinants of growth. The purpose of the article is to study the evolution of the theoretical fundamentals of fiscal and monetary factors' effect on growth. Research methodology – scientific search and methods of analysis and synthesis in the perspective trends of growth theory development. Results. The study results have shown how dynamic was the formation of ideas of the founders of economic thoughts in the qualitative and quantitative content of functional connections between areas of the economy at the macro and micro levels, which are gradually changing driving by the global transformation processes. The emergence of endogenous theory and the technological progress of information processing tools made it possible by composing theoretical models to use a whole set of concepts previously associated with microeconomics. In the context of the historical narrative about the Government and its role in the economy and a systematic approach to building a comprehensive view of money's nature, the border between purely fiscal and monetary instruments is gradually dissolving. As a result, a great scope of new functionality became available for implementing economic policy. Thanks to the newly created conditions, the Government authorities' responsibility and the ability to achieve the intended goals are increasing enormously. Application of results. Economic sector: economic theory, macroeconomics, management of national economy. Conclusions. One of the progressive directions of growth theory development is implemented in the research field of fiscal and monetary factors, their effectiveness and practicability, depending on the intended goals of economic policy and macro–environment changes.

The genesis of volunteering as a source of social agency in conditions of social tension and crisis situations shifts research attention from considering volunteering as an activity that supports the work of official structures, to considering it as a self-sufficient activity in solving urgent problems facing society in situations of social instability and institutional instability. As a research perspective, the complexity paradigm is chosen, which offers a view of social processes through the prism of nonlinear system dynamics. The basis of the conceptual framework of the study - the allocation of the two mechanisms of social change – organizational and self-organizational. The processes of social self-organization reveal themselves in the crisis moments of the life of society through the activities of powerful volunteer communities, which become agents of change due to their emergence. The characteristics of such a volunteer community are their attractiveness, procedurality and specific hierarchy, which has a leadership basis. The genesis of the community of volunteers is viewed in the context of socio-structural changes. Using the example of the interaction of volunteers with the communities of internally displaced persons and combatants, it is shown that the communities of donors and recipients are interconnected in their own development. The features of the dynamics of volunteering agency in crisis conditions are determined, which depend on the ratio of self-organizing and organizational mechanisms at different stages of crisis situations. Since the beginning of the crisis, self-organizing structures have been active independent agents, however, as the institutional component strengthens, the initiative to restore public order is gradually shifting to organizational structures and the role of agency in self-organizing structures decreases. A decrease in the energy potential of a volunteering agency is associated with internal restructuring and adaptation of communities that arose at the time of the crisis and were the main recipients of assistance. However, this potential can recover quickly against the background of new challenges (eg pandemic) and unwillingness to respond to the situation by the organizational structures.

The article investigates the role and structural function of the central public authorities, which are the key elements of the Russian system of information influence in the international arena. The major players representing state sector in the framework of the Kremlin's foreign strategy, their main characteristics and impact on the process of deciding and implementation of decisions of the highest political leadership of Russia have been analyzed. In the context of the Russian aggression against Ukraine, which has been continuing since 2014, information and cyber warfare is one of the key Kremlin strategies aimed at the destruction of Ukrainian statehood and demoralization of Ukrainian society. The study has applied systemic and structural-functional analysis. In particular, it has identified a range of key state players, and investigated their role function and structural influence on the development of relevant foreign policy, organizational and managerial decisions and measures on support of the Russian information aggression in the international arena in the system of central bodies of state power of the Russian Federation. It has also provided the opportunity to determine the scale and specific features of the involvement of the highest political leadership of Russia in the implementation of the main directions and tools of information influence of Moscow, Russian Federation, abroad. All these facts, in turn, are of great importance for ensuring national security, in particular in the development of appropriate foreign policy, organizational and managerial decisions and protective measures against the information impact of the enemy. The analysis of the practice of Russia's information and hybrid warfare technologies application against its neighbours shows that Moscow has been taking advantage of a wide range of both state bodies and non-governmental players to strengthen its influence abroad, operating as a single mechanism under a single scenario in the centralized management system.

The main problem of contemporary science of culture is the study of such concepts as cultural communication, acculturation, inculturation, multiculturalism. It is under the influence of the social environment that these concepts go through the process of socialization among individuals to cultural life in a civilized society. The purpose of the research is to provide scientific and theoretical substantiation of the peculiarities of the cultural communication development within society and its social changes through the analysis and comparison of various approaches to studying their cultural interaction. The research methodology consists in the analytical analysis of the cultural communication study on the emergence of social tensions in society. The analysis provides an opportunity to show and analyze the evolution of cultural communication, to follow the essence of cultural concepts and the dynamics of their development. The scientific novelty of the results obtained is that the article analytically analyses the nature of the types of notions of cultural communication and multiculturalism from the side of social tensions in the cultural sphere and pays attention to the study of two directions of the problems of culture – social and culturological. It can be seen that all cultural models or cultural codes are enriched and modernized and penetrate the social processes of society. Today, we can see that human culture constantly borrows various patterns and cultural stamps, and globalization imposes these standards on society, leading to contradictions and tensions among the population in cultural exchange or interaction, which also occurs in world civilizations. What they experienced socially cultural changes that we get as a globalized inheritance. Conclusion: culture is a driving force for the stabilization of political, social, cultural and cultural processes in society and plays an important social role. Cultural globali zation becomes a complex of all interconnected processes, optimization of cultural ...