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Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- Abbreviations and Acronyms -- Executive Summary -- The Context for Reform -- Infrastructure Reform in Rwanda -- The Country Framework Report -- Summary of the Sector Reviews -- Cross-Cutting Issues -- Prioritized Recommendations -- 1. Introduction: Policies, Objectives, and the Role of the Private Sector -- Background -- Objectives and Scope of the Country Framework Report -- Principles of Private Sector Participation -- 2. The Transport Sector -- Roads -- Airports -- Rail -- Water Transport -- Notes -- 3. The Energy Sector -- Sector Structure, Roles, and Responsibilities -- Policymaking, Planning, and Regulation -- Electricity -- The Gas Sector -- Investment Needs and Priorities -- Potential Sources of Investment Financing -- Opportunities for Private Sector Participation -- Issues -- Recommendations -- Notes -- 4. The Water and Sanitation Sector -- Sector Structure, Roles, and Responsibilities -- Policymaking, Planning, and Regulation -- Sector Performance -- Opportunities for Private Sector Participation -- Issues -- Recommendations -- Note -- 5. Common Issues in the Electricity and Water Sectors -- Management and Human Resources -- Commercial and Financial Management -- Management Contract -- Recommendations -- 6. The Telecommunications Sector -- Sector Structure, Roles, and Responsibilities -- Policymaking, Planning, and Regulation -- Sector Performance -- Opportunities for Private Sector Participation -- Issues -- Recommendations -- Note -- 7. Cross-Cutting Issues -- Institutional Capacity -- Local Financial Markets -- Regulation -- Accounting System -- Taxation System -- Legal System -- Bid Evaluation Process -- Project Selection, Prioritization, and Planning -- Government Policy Communication with the General Public -- Environmental Issues -- Other Cross-Cutting Issues.

Covers -- Editorial advisory board -- Guest editorial -- Factors affecting maintenance management in hospital buildings -- Modified sewer asset management to accommodate London's future sustainable development -- Actions, attitudes and beliefs of occupants in managing dampness in buildings -- Adaptive reuse of historical buildings -- Delay factors of the schedule of strategic industrial projects -- Mechanisms for preventing rising damp in new building infrastructure -- A review of selected neighbourhood sustainability assessment frameworks using the Bellagio STAMP.

Traditional infrastructure regulation–the law of regulated industries–rests atop three pillars: rate regulation, entry restriction, and universal service. This mode of regulation has typically been applied to providers of network-type resources: resources that are optimally supplied as integrated systems. The monetary system is such a resource; and money creation is the distinctive function of banks. Bank regulation can therefore be understood as a subfield of infrastructure regulation. With few exceptions, modern academic treatments of banking have emphasizes banks' intermediation function and downplayed or ignored their monetary function. Concomitantly, in recent decades U.S. bank regulation has strayed from its infrastructural roots. This regulatory drift has been unwise.

Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 -- The Institutional and Regulatory Environment for Public-Private Partnerships in Infrastructure in Emerging Markets and Developing Economies -- Abstract -- Introduction -- The Enabling Environment: Regulatory and Institutional Framework for PPPs -- Empirical Analysis -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2 -- Governance Institutions and the Investment Costs of Non-Conventional Renewable Energy Initiatives in Developing Countries -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Privately Sponsored Non-Conventional Renewable Energy Initiatives in Develping Countries -- The Econometric Analysis -- Description of the Variables -- Institutional Governance and Business Environment Variables -- Control Variables -- The Econometric Methodology -- Results -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3 -- Electric Power Generation in Brazil: Evaluating the Regulation Model's Basic Assumption -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Electric Power Generation Market in Brazil -- Methodology -- Data and Variables -- The SUR Results -- Economies of Scale -- Stochastic Frontier Model Results -- Economies of Scale -- Efficiency Measurement -- Productivity Evolution -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4 -- Tapping the Bounty: Challenges to Restore the Investments in the Brazilian Oil Industry -- Abstract -- Introduction -- The Oil Production in Brazil: Challenges and Prospects -- The Pre-Salt Revolution -- The Role of the Technological Learning Process -- The Role of the Liberalization Process -- The Discovery of the Bounty - The "Winning Ticket" -- The Crisis in the Brazilian Oil Industry: The Road from Euphoria to Depression -- The Rise and Crisis of the Brazilian Independent Oil Companies' : The OGX Case -- Petrobras in Trouble -- Petrobras' Financial Statements for 2014: Discovering the Damage

This book uses three case studies of Chinese-financed and constructed rail projects to explore the growing presence of China in Africa and its relationship to African domestic politics. It shows that the success of these projects relies on African political championship, and that they are used to demonstrate rulers' legitimacy.

This paper proposes an institutional solution that can help unlock the flow of low yielding longterm savings towards high-return infrastructure investments. The solution is to transform public-private partnerships in infrastructure and the classic model of multilateral development banks. Instead of thinking of public-private partnerships as bilateral contracts between a private concession operator and a government agency, we argue that they should be conceived as partnerships that also involve a development bank and long-term institutional investors as partners. We propose a new model for development banks, which is to transform themselves into originate-and-distribute banks for PPP infrastructure projects. This way they can conserve their valuable capital and leverage their expertise and capabilities by making them available to longterm institutional investors.

Attending to the everyday lives of infrastructure across four continents, the contributors to The Promise of Infrastructure demonstrate how infrastructure such as roads, power lines, and water pipes offer a productive site for generating new ways to theorize time, politics, and promise

Increasing concerns over the effects of climate change have heightened the importance of accelerating investments in green growth. The International Energy Agency, for example, estimates that to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 50 percent by 2050, global investments in the energy sector alone will need to total US750 billion a year by 2030 and over US1.6 trillion a year from 2030-2050. Despite global efforts to mobilize required capital flows, the investments still fall far short. Bloomberg New Energy Finance argues that by 2020 investments will be US150 billion short from the levels required simply to stabilize CO2 emissions. For the East Asia and Pacific region alone, the World Bank study Winds of Change suggests that additional investments of US80 billion a year over the next two decades are required.Multiple factors affect green investments, often rendering them financially not attractive. Private investment flows, therefore, depend on public sectors interventions and support. As in many countries public sector resources are scarce and spread across many competing commitments, they need to be used judiciously and strategically to leverage sufficient private flows. Many governments, however, still lack a clear comprehensive framework for assessing green investment climate and formulating an efficient mix of measures to accelerate green investments and are unfamiliar with international funding sources that can be tapped. To address this challenge, the World Bank, with support from AusAID, conducts the work on improving the financing opportunities for green infrastructure investments among its client countries. This activity attempts to identify practical ways to value and monetize environmental externalities of investments and improve the promotion and bankability of green projects. This research report, as a key step in this activity,

Perspectives on Urban Infrastructure -- Copyright -- Contents -- Introduction -- 1 The Evolution of the Urban Infrastructure in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries -- INTRODUCTION -- URBAN NETWORKS AND WALKING CITIES: A PERIOD OF FOUNDATIONS, 1790-1855 -- The Development of Urban Infrastructure -- Financing Infrastructure in the Walking City -- Engineers and Urban Technology -- Conclusion -- CONSTRUCTING THE CORE INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE CENTRAL CITIES, 1855-1910 -- Introduction -- Municipal Provision of Infrastructure -- Institutional and Political Changes in Infrastructure Supply and Distribution -- Financing Infrastructure -- Engineering and Science Development -- THE DOMINATION OF THE AUTOMOBILE AND THE ENLARGEMENT OF THE FEDERAL ROLE, 1910-1956 -- The Automobile Revolution, 1910-1930 -- The New Deal -- Professional Developments -- The Postwar Period -- THE RISE OF THE OUTER CITY AND RECENT TRENDS INFLUENCING URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE, 1956-1982 -- Changing Fiscal Trends -- The Environmental Movement -- Mass Transit -- Alternative Systems -- CONCLUSION -- AFTERWORD -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- Bibliography -- DISCUSSION -- Randy Hamilton -- Wilfred Owen -- Abel Wolman -- SUMMARY -- 2 Assessing Infrastructure Needs: The State of the Art -- INTRODUCTION -- The Infrastructure Problem -- National Needs -- The Challenge Ahead -- DEFINING NEEDS -- Needs Versus Desirable Improvements -- The Needs Assessment Process -- The Role of Standards -- Summary -- THE CONDITION ASSESSMENT PROCESS -- Defining Conditions -- Condition Assessment Measures -- The National Bridge Inspection Program -- The New York City Water Distribution System -- THE INVESTMENT DECISION-MAKING PROCESS -- Estimating Investment Requirements -- A Framework for Investment Decisions -- The EPA Needs Survey -- The Wisconsin Department of Transportation's Approach to Investment Programming.