Suchergebnisse

"Historical Injustice" published on by Oxford University Press.

Resumé Dans la quête de justice, il y a une temsion entre les aspirations à l'exactitude et une reconnaissance plus fondamentale et gratuite.

L'exploitation productive peut être identifiée par une discordance entre un état de fait et une situation idéale déterminée par une règle de justes contributions et rétributions. Cette norme de répartition peut qualitativement exprimer une notion plus ou moins exigeante de justice : commune humanité, égalité formelle, égalité réelle. Et cette norme de répartition peut quantitativement s'exprimer par plusieurs règles de « justice d'égalité » (égalitarisme ou proportionnalisme) ou de « justice supérieure » (productivisme ou utilitarisme). La violation d'une règle donnée de justice engage un mode d'exploitation qui peut être anomique (comportement de passager clandestin), ou statutaire, ou mystificateur. Au niveau systémique, la dénonciation de l'exploitation féodale, qui est statutaire, opère comme critique axiologique de l'organisation hiérarchique par une vision égalitaire ; alors que la démonstration d'une injustice à l'œuvre dans la relation salariale repose sur l'élucidation théorique de la notion de profit : l'exploitation capitaliste est mystificatrice. Classification JEL : D63, P50, D33

"Governments today often apologize for past injustices and scholars increasingly debate the issue, with many calling for apologies and reparations. Others suggest that what matters are victims of injustice today, not injustices in the past. Spinner-Halev argues that the problem facing some peoples is not just the injustice of the past, but that they still suffer from injustice today. They experience what he calls enduring injustices, and it is likely that these will persist without action to address them. The history of these injustices matters, not as a way to assign responsibility or because we need to remember more, but in order to understand the nature of the injustice and to help us think of possible ways to overcome it. Suggesting that enduring injustices fall outside the framework of liberal theory, Spinner-Halev spells out the implications of arguments for conceptions of liberal justice and progress, reparations, apologies, state legitimacy and post-nationalism"--

Reich reviews 'The Guilt of Nations: Restitution and Negotiating Historical Injustices' by Elazar Barkan.

Different attempts have been made to answer Reich's question of why the majority of those who are hungry don't steal and why the majority of those who are exploited don't strike. The two most influential approaches have been the ideological one and the gunman theory. The gunman theory seems to have the upper hand. However, there are cases where oppression takes place in the absence of any gunman. The usual example is the democratic welfare state. We can conceive of such instances of (continued) oppression by a minority of a majority as cases of rational injustice. Unless the privileged minority accepts the introduction of just institutions, there is no way of introducing them. And, for simple egoistic reasons, the minority doesn't cooperate with the majority. So it is rational for the oppressed majority to endure.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- List of figures -- List of contributors -- Preface -- Introduction -- The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, 1848 -- Gringo Injustice -- Gringos and Greasers -- Police Killings of Latinos -- The Structure of the Book -- Notes -- References -- Public Document -- Cases Cited -- PART I: State-Sanctioned Violence -- 1. A History of Anti-Latino State-Sanctioned Violence: Executions, Lynchings, and Hate Crimes -- Introduction -- Latino Lynching: A Brief History -- Contemporary Backlash Against Immigrants in the Public Sphere -- Hate Crimes and State Violence against Latinos -- Lynching by Another Name -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Cases Cited -- 2. Officer-Involved Shootings of Latinos: Moving Beyond the Black/White Binary -- The Existing Data -- Early Patterns from New Data -- Conclusion -- Policy Suggestions -- Notes -- References -- 3. Interest-Convergence Theory and Police Use of Deadly Force on Latinos: A Case Study of Three Shootings -- Methods -- Interest-Convergence Theory: An Overview -- "Los Tres Disparos": Three Police Shootings -- The Move Forward Project: A Pilot Program in Community-Police Engagement -- Holistic Policing -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Cases Cited -- 4. Killing Ismael Mena: "The SWAT Teams Feared for Their Lives…" -- Introduction -- SWAT Anatomy of a Murder -- The Informant and the Police Cover-Up -- Public Outrage over "No-Knock" Search Warrants -- The Justice for Mena Committee ("JMC") -- "Settled but Not Solved": Aftermath of the Shooting -- Postscript: Police Policing Themselves -- Notes -- References -- PART II: The Youth Control Complex -- 5. The Street Terrorism and Enforcement Act: A New Chapter on the War on Gangs -- The War on Gangs in the 1940s: Sleepy Lagoon and the Zoot-Suit Riots.