Suchergebnisse

Preface -- Acknowledgement -- Introduction -- Chapter 1 Structure of the research -- Chapter 2 Transcultural diplomacy and international law -- PART I: HERITAGE AND CULTURE -- Chapter 3 Academic disciplines as Transcultural heritage: In defence of culture as cultivation -- Chapter 4 Octagon – The Quest for Wholeness -- Chapter 5 Ecclesiastical Heritage as Human Right -- Chapter 6 Curzio Malaparte's War Novels in Poland: Then and Now -- Chapter 7 A living heritage. The Villa E.1027 by the sea -- Chapter 8 Jitiya: Tharu Inherence to Eco-Culture -- Chapter 9 Importance and perspectives of natural heritage, in Romania -- Chapter 10 A relationship between Plants and their Hindu and Buddha cultures: An analysis Ficus religiosa (Pipal) -- PART II: HERITAGE AND LAW -- Chapter 11 International Legal Instruments as a means for the protection of Cultural Heritage -- Chapter 12 International and European obligations to protect Cultural Heritage in Belgium -- Chapter 13 Cultural Heritage in International Law: (Still) Looking for a Definition? The Taxonomy of Cultural Heritage Across the Spectrum of UNESCO Conventions and Beyond -- Chapter 14 Traditional Cultural Expressions (TCEs), holder communities and conflicts with central States: policies for the recognition of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) and intellectual property (IP) regulation -- PART III: HERITAGE AND COMMUNITY -- Chapter 15 Cultural Diplomacy in India: Dispersal, Heritage Representation, Contestation and Development -- Chapter 16 Algeria and its heritage: Inventory of the various heritage policies, from the pre-colonial to colonial and post-colonial times.

The Colombian government thinks that accepting that there is an internal armed conflict in the country implies recognizing international personality o the groups in arms against the legitimate government. This article intends to demonstrate that this is not true and that, being terrorist groups, cannot be recognised as belligerents. ; Este artículo busca demostrar que, no obstante que el Gobierno piense otra cosa, en Colombia existe un conflicto armado nterno. De esa consideración no se pueden derivar consecuencias tales como que se trate de grupos armados "beligerantes" con subjetividad internacional. Esos grupos son, además, terroristas y, como no reúnen las condiciones que el derecho internacional exige, no pueden ser reconocidos como sujetos. ; . L'article cherche à démontrer que, même si le Gouvernement national pense autre chose, en Colombie il existe bien un conflit armé interne. De cette considération ne peuvent découler des conséquences telles qu'il s'agirait de groupes armés "belligérants" avec subjectivité internationale. En outre, ces groupes sont des terroristes, et vu qu'ils ne remplissent pas les conditions exigées par le droit international, ils ne peuvent pas être reconnus comme sujets.

The open access book examines the consequences of the Italian Constitutional Court's Judgment238/2014 which denied the German Republic's immunity from civil jurisdiction over claims to reparations for Nazi crimes committed during World War II. This landmark decision created a range of currently unresolved legal problems and controversies which continue to burden the political and diplomatic relationship between Germany and Italy. The judgment has wide repercussions for core concepts of international law and for the relationship between different legal orders. The book's three interlinked legal themes are state immunity, reparation for serious human rights violations and war crimes (including historical ones), and the interaction between international and domestic institutions, notably courts. Besides a meticulous legal analysis of these themes from the perspectives of international law, European law, and domestic law, the book contributes to the civic debate on the issue of war crimes and reparation for the victims of armed conflict. It proposes concrete legal and political solutions to the parties involved for overcoming the present paralysis with a view to a sustainable interstate conflict solution and helps judges directly involved in the pending post-Sentenza reparation cases. After an Introduction (Part I), Part II, Immunity, investigates core international law concepts such as those of pre/post-judgment immunity andinternational state responsibility. Part III, Remedies, examines the tension between state immunity and the right to remedy and suggests original schemes for solving the conundrum under international law. Part IV adds European Perspectives by showcasing relevant regional examples of legal cooperation and judicial dialogue. Part V, Courts, addresses questions on the role of judges in the areas of immunity and human rights at both the national and international level. Part VI, Negotiations, suggests concrete ways out of the impasse with a forward-looking aspiration. In Part VII, The Past and Future of Remedies, a sitting judge in the Court that decided Sentenza 238/2014 adds some critical reflections on the Judgment. Joseph H. H. Weiler's Dialogical Epilogue concludes the volume by placing the main findings of the book in a wider European and international law perspective.

La solución de los conflictos de jurisdicciones y de leyes que pueda provocar el ejercicio extraterritorial de los derechos laborales colectivos carece de tratamiento por parte del legislador comunitario, al no haber introducido en las normas existentes en materia de determinación de la competencia judicial y de la legislación aplicable los criterios de conexión necesarios para determinar cuál pueda ser el órgano judicial competente para conocer del conflicto (conflicto de jurisdicciones) y qué ordenamiento jurídico nacional resulta aplicable al asunto (conflicto de leyes). Con este trabajo se busca aportar soluciones razonadas en los casos en los que no existen tales criterios de conexión, así como argumentar sobre la posible aplicación, en ciertos casos, de las normas comunitarias existentes en la actualidad. ; The solution to the conflicts of jurisdictions and laws caused by the extraterritorial exercise of collective labor rights lacks treatment by the EU legislator, since it has not introduced into the existing norms regarding the determination of judicial competence and applicable legislation the necessary connection criteria to determine which the competent judicial body may be to hear about the conflict (conflict of jurisdictions) and what national legal order is applicable to the matter (conflict of laws). This work seeks to provide reasonable solutions in cases where there are no such connection criteria, as well as to argue about the possible application, in certain cases, of the existing EU norms.

The idea of designating the Indian Ocean a zone of peace was initiated at the Nonaligned Summit held in Cairo in 1964. This summit called for the denuclearization of the oceans of the world. At the Lusaka Summit of Nonaligned Countries held in 1970, the concept was expanded to include not only denuclearization but also elimination of all military bases and the rivalries between the Great Powers from the religion. The adoption of a resolution on the Indian Ocean as a zone of peace has been an annual ritual at the UN General Assembly. However, in spite of these efforts, the big maritime powers have not been stopped from pursuing their rivalries and playing their war games in the area. Instead of developing into a zone of peace, the Indian Ocean has become a region of conflict. (Internat. Polit. Science Assoc.)

This article deals with citizen engagement and public participation being in crisis on the Israeli home front, in the era of Web 2.0. Since 2004, Web 2.0 characterizes changes that allow users to interact and collaborate with each other in a social media dialogue as creators of user-generated content in social networking sites: Facebook, Twitter, blogs, wikis, YouTube, hosted services, applications, WhatsApp, etc. Since 2006, Israel is involved in asymmetric conflicts. The research defines the impact of Web 2.0 on public engagement in the Israeli home front. The case studies examined in the research are: 1) The 2006 Lebanon War (July-August 2006); 2) The Gaza War (27 December 2008 and ended on 18 January 2009); 3) Operation Pillar of Defense (November 2012); and 4) The 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict.

AbstractApplying the humanitarian principles of humanity, impartiality, neutrality and independence in a relevant manner in concrete operational settings is a constant challenge for humanitarian organizations. Bound by this set of norms, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) has incrementally developed over the years a rational framework that allows its leadership and staff on the ground to act according to these principles while developing adapted solutions and pragmatic approaches. This article begins by describing the history and development of the humanitarian principles; it then explains how the strategic choices of the ICRC are informed by these principles, and what the consequences are for the organization's capacity to act in favour of victims of armed conflicts.