Suchergebnisse

Much of what states do in the international system they do as a response to their perceived obligations, commitments, or responsibilities. Not all of these obligations are owed to the same sort of recipient, however: some may be owed to other identifiable parties with whom one has arrived at a bargain or an exchange of benefits, but obligations may also be owed to a chosen rule of conduct or guide to action, as in the case of deterrence, and to oneself, as in the case of selfpreservation or one's sense of honor. All three types of international obligation have been recognized in international law and practice, but no one of the three categories encompasses all the duties of states. A complete understanding of international relations requires attention to all three parties to which international obligations may be owed.

I. An Overview of the Problem -- II. Obligation of Compliance for Member and Nonmember States under the United Nations Charter -- III. Validity of the General Assembly Resolutions; an Inquiry -- IV. Reservations as Devices for Avoiding International Obligations -- V. Illustrations of Failure of Domestic Jurisdiction to Prevent an Increase in Obligations -- VI. Direct Intervention in Domestic Affairs by the United Nations -- VII. State Actions when Reliance on Reservations Fails -- VIII. The Middle East Case -- IX. The Cases of Indonesia, France and Cuba -- X. The Case of the People's Republic of China -- XI. Appraisal.

Examines perceived commitments or responsibilities of states in cases of deterrence, self-preservation, or to uphold one's sense of honor.

The historical context of Colombia with more than 60 years of armed conflict (1948 - present) reveals that the phenomenon of forced displacement and migration has occurred in various periods. This phenomenon has not ceased and on the contrary continues to present itself today and therefore represents a significant role in various national and international scenarios, associated both with public policies for its prevention and mitigation and in the prosecution of crimes that are associated with this phenomenon. This article analyzes the various phenomena of migration and displacement and their causes that make it irrepressible at present and that imply new alternative mechanisms of solution, different from punitive repressive aspects. The data is developed through a hermeneutic, analytical and jurisprudential analysis method. For this purpose, the document was prepared using historical, descriptive, teleological and reflective instruments.