Suchergebnisse

Russian scientists attach great importance to one of the fundamental principles of private international law – the principle of the closest connection. The concept of the closest connection was developed in England on the basis of case law, the rules of which were created by judges in court decisions on specific cases. The legislator has included the principle of closest connection to the civil code, however, in light of the changes it made in the reforms of 2013, the closest connection principle was assigned a secondary role in relation to the principle of characteristic performance. The main purpose of the principle of the closest connection is to find the law and order that can most effectively regulate cross-border relations. The court will have to determine the will of the parties to the contractual relationship, aimed at choosing the right. Therefore, a close relationship is established based on the court's assumption of what right the parties would have chosen if they had considered this issue. The principle of the closest connection, in connection with this approach, often loses its independent significance. Article 1187 of the civil code of the Russian Federation does not specify the conditions of its application, as well as the scope of its action. For this reason, the category of the closest relationship is universal and applies regardless of the nature of the cross-border civil relationship. Russian legislation does not have clear criteria for determining the closest relationship, which may lead to a subjective decision by the court. In this regard, the study of problems related to the application of the principle of the closest connection in judicial practice is undoubtedly relevant.

In the article there is given a general overview of the sources of the international sport law, which is a new dynamically developing branch of law. The author underlines that international sport law unites norms of international law and national legislation regulating sport relations of international nature.

It is impossible to sustain a thriving space sector, both now and for future generations, without systematically addressing the risks of collisions between objects in orbit.

The aim of this paper is to show the possibility of crafting a new theoretical model of international migration that would enable researchers to take into account the political settings of the early 21st century. In order to do so, the author firstly critically examines the mainstream theories of migration that dominate today's academic literature. As a result of this analysis, it is concluded that, despite of the fact that many of the proposed theoretical approaches are quite useful for understanding certain aspects of the migration process, when it comes to the task of analyzing international migration as a whole, no conceptual model exists. The paper demonstrates that apart from the theories that are focusing on only one of migration's dimensions, albeit the most significant from a particular disciplinary perspective, the introduction of a general model is a necessary step to reach a better understanding of the nature of contemporary migration processes. The author argues that such a model can be constructed using the theory of structural violence proposed by Johan Galtung and the concepts of human development and human security.

The given research paper presents an attempt to analyze the Caspian region from the point of view of its cross-border specifics. In contrast to the traditional understanding of the Caspian region as the region of heightened geopolitical significance the authors analyze its peculiarities and potential in the context of the cross-border cooperation dynamics. It is especially emphasized that the Caspian region may be considered as a cross-border region which, despite the substantial similarities is different from international transnational regions. The authors focus attention on a key contradiction of the Caspian region. On the one hand, national interests and foreign policy of the states-members of the Caspian region (Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia and Turkmenistan) have a national country and regional importance, since their implementation will form an effective regional security system. On the other hand, the Caspian region attracts the attention of the world powers, becoming a subject of their interest, as it is of great importance for world energy markets and has status of a transit zone between Europe and Asia. For Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia, Turkmenistan the Caspian status is combined with their most important characteristic of post-Soviet states - shared long historical stage of development within the Soviet Union. The article distinguished and analyzed four main periods of establishment of cross-border cooperation in the Caspian region. The national specificity of modernization reforms in all the countries of the Caspian region have interrelations with further development of cross-border cooperation, the priority of that performs convergence of Caspian states on a number of strategic issues, including economic cooperation and security. (author's abstract)

In recent years, the IMF has released a growing number of reports and other documents covering economic and financial developments and trends in member countries. Each report, prepared by a staff team after discussions with government officials, is published at the option of the member country

Раздел "Международные отношения" ; В статье проанализировано влияние идей национализма на содержание и характер международных отношений в прошлом и настоящем. Автор подчеркивает, что в условиях глобализации не исчезают проявления национального самосознания. Наоборот, в разных регионах планеты, включая территорию бывшего СССР, проявляется стремление к поиску национальной идентичности в крайней форме, что может привести к фашизации политических систем в отдельных странах. Такие тенденции подрывают основы международной безопасности, поскольку в перспективе в мире могут появиться десятки новых государственных образований. К сожалению, современные международные институты не уделяют данной проблеме внимания, и процесс носит в основном стихийный характер. = The article analyzes the influence of nationalistic ideas on the content and character of international relations in the past and at present. The author emphasizes that the manifestations of national identity do not disappear under globalization. To the contrary, various regions of the planet including the former USSR territory, demonstrate intense search for national identity in extreme forms which can lead to political systems becoming fascist in some countries. Such trends undermine the basis of international security since they may result eventually in emergence of scores of new states. Unfortunately, contemporary institutions do not pay sufficient attention to these problems, so the process bears a spontaneous character.

The paper defines the main approaches to understanding the strategic partnership between states in the international arena, identifies the main features of such a partnership. The author substantiates the thesis that at present the strategic partnership between states in the social, spiritual and cultural sphere is no longer of a secondary nature. The article defines the main directions of strategic partnership between states in the social, spiritual and cultural sphere at the present stage. The concept of changing the vector of Russia in the social, spiritual and cultural sphere at the present stage is substantiated.

The article presents a comparative analysis of Master's programs of four leading Russian universities with those offered by top globally recognized universities (from QS, RePec, Best US News university rankings). Foreign universities' programs show a significant domination of public administration, public politics or public economics to the detriment of financial component. Out of 130 universities the author identifies only about 10 relevant programs with valuable and substantial public finance components. Russian master's programs are on a par with globally recognized programs, which provide a solid basis to easily adapt them for international students. The article contains references to top universities' programs and courses, English variants of disciplines and their Russian analogs that make the article useful for upgrading the Russian programs.

In this article, the author reveals the problems of the legal regulation of the international distribution contract and the legal settlement of the distribution contract in the legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

In this article, the author reveals the problems of the legal regulation of the international distribution contract and the legal settlement of the distribution contract in the legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

This article is devoted to English historian F.S. Northedge (1918-1985) and his role in the development conception of international society and English School of International relations in 1960-1980.

This school consists of small group of scientists and diplomats, who were well educated in elite British universities like Cambridge and Oxford. They were acquainted with each other personally. British Committee for the Theory of International Politics in 1960-1970 was the center for the study of International Society. Such composition of the school demonstrated aristocratic character of the International relations study as intellectual pursuit in United Kingdom. Meanwhile, such people like Charles Manning, Fred Northedge, Edward Carr and some other famous people, who usually were English School members, did not taken part in the British Committee due to different reasons.

Thus, F.S. Northedge was untypical participant of English school and his scientific heritage need to be studied. Key factors of his biography and his views on International Policy are studies in the article. "Diplomatic style", "System of the state" and "International society" were the central concepts in his works. He met with these ideas in the London School of economy, where Charles Manning, Martin Wight and Headley Bull – founders of English School - had worked at International relations chair in different time. The analysis of these categories let make conclusion that F. Northedge agreed with main ideas of English School of International relations. But at the same time he understood them very originally. His system of the views demonstrated that British Committee for the Theory of International Politics, but not London School of economy, was the main center for the development conception of International Society in 1960-1980.