Suchergebnisse

The article discusses the problems of international energy cooperation (IEC) mechanisms development in East Asia, taking into account the specific features of the region, expressed in the complex nature of interstate contacts and low rates of reaching agreements on the implementation of joint projects. Nevertheless, there is a process of gradual formation of common energy markets, which leads to the emergence of new IEC mechanisms that can and should be applicable both for large players (China, Japan) and for countries with less opportunities (Republic of Korea, Taiwan). East Asian countries now encounter the necessity to build a transparent and effective system of international relations in the energy sector at the level of governments, energy companies, and the organization of joint R&D groups, including other scientific and practical activities.

Year 2019, the International Year of the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements, is of special value for our country. 150 years ago, in 1869, the outstanding Russian scientist D.I. Mendeleev published the first scheme of the Periodic table of chemical elements. The International Year of the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements draws the world community attention to the development of fundamental sciences, to deepening and expansion of education for sustainable development, to global problems that cannot be solved without active use of achievements of modern green chemistry. The quality of everyday life of present and future generations is directly connected with the progress and achievements of chemical science and technology. In 2019, the large-scale events dedicated to D.I. Mendeleev and his scientific heritage will take place both in Russia and throughout the world The International Year of the Periodic Table once again emphasizes the importance of the systematicity in our chaotic world. The System gives an opportunity to understand the idea of regularity and thus arms human beings with the ability to predict.

This is an overview of the reports presented at the International conference on Italian Languages, Literature, and Culture Alisovskiye chteniya held on February 20, 2023 at the Faculty of Philology, Lomonosov Moscow State University. The academic gathering celebrated the anniversary of Professor Alisova, a founder of the italianistics in Russia. More then 50 attendees included language, history, literary, art and cultural experts from Russia, Belarus and Italy

This article analysis the international acts and standards of the foreign criminal legislation providing questions of counteraction to cyberterrorism.

Vaccine safety is an important aspect of mass immunization of the population. Adverse reactions that occur following vaccination result in a decrease in public confidence. The aim of this research was to identify information on the development of adverse events after immunization with vaccines included into the national vaccination calendars of the USA, European Union (EU), Japan, China, South Korea and India. Particular attention was paid to vaccines that are not included in the vaccination calendar, but are presented in the Russian Federation. During monitoring of vaccination against human papillomavirus information in the European Union, Japan and the United States, according the possible connection with development of autoimmune diseases was refuted. Monitoring of adverse events after vaccination with rotavirus vaccine I generation in the USA, EU and India, allowed to establish a link with the development of intestine invagination and limit the use of this medicinal product in favor of vaccine II generation. After starting vaccination against influenza was detected narcolepsy as a complication of this procedure; and when analyzing the complications of meningococcal vaccination Guillain — Barre syndrome was detected. We also analyzed information on various complications associated with vaccination against Japanese viral encephalitis, which was included into the national vaccination calendar of countries in Asia and the Pacifi c region — China, India, Japan, and South Korea. The main complications registered in the PRC after the introduction of Japanese encephalitis vaccine into the national vaccination calendar included: febrile seizures, thrombocytopenic purpura, encephalitis and meningitis. The main safety concerns about vaccines included into the national vaccination calendars of EU countries, the USA and the Asia-Pacific region concern vaccines that have recently appeared on the pharmaceutical market. ; Вопрос безопасности вакцин является важным аспектом массовой иммунизации населения, так как нежелательные реакции, возникшие после вакцинации, приводят к снижению уровня доверия к программам иммунизации. Целью работы явился анализ информации о результатах мониторинга побочных проявлений после иммунизации вакцинами, которые входят в национальные прививочные календари США, Европейского союза, Японии, Китая, Южной Кореи, Индии. Особое внимание в работе уделено к тем вакцинам, которые не включены в календарь прививок, но представлены в Российской Федерации. Мониторинг информации в Европейском союзе, Японии и США позволил опровергнуть связь вакцинации против вируса папилломы человека с развитием аутоиммунных заболеваний. Мониторинг побочных проявлений после вакцинации ротавирусной вакциной I поколения в США, Европейском союзе и Индии позволил установить связь с развитием инвагинации кишечника и ограничить использование этой вакцины и рекомендовать вакцину II поколения. При противогриппозной вакцинации было выявлено поствакцинальное осложнение — нарколепсия, а при анализе осложнений менингококковой вакцинации — синдром Гийена–Барре. Также была проанализирована информация о различных осложнениях, связанных с вакцинацией против вирусного японского энцефалита, которая входит в национальные календари вакцинации стран Азии и Тихоокеанского региона — Китая, Индии, Японии, Южной Кореи. К основным осложнениям, зарегистрированным в Китае после введения вакцины против японского энцефалита в национальный прививочный календарь, относятся фебрильные судороги, тромбоцитопеническая пурпура, энцефалит и менингит. Проблемы безопасности вакцин, включенных в национальные календари вакцинации стран Европейского союза, США и Азиатско-Тихоокеанского региона, касаются в первую очередь вакцин, которые относительно недавно появились на фармацевтическом рынке.

The article deals with the maritime education as industry!based staff training. Within the framework of Russian higher education system, industry!based education should not be considered as secondary or peripheral. Training of personnel for shipping industry is carried out on the basis of the national standards and in compliance with the requirements of the International Marine Organization, which is a part of the United Nations Organization. Integration of the maritime education into the world practice had started long before the Bologna system implementation, which is viewed sometimes as an access to European standards. Training of personnel for shipping industry in different countries is based on international and national standards. The organizations uniting the international maritime educational community are the World Maritime University in Malmö, Sweden, International Association of Maritime Universities, International Maritime Lecturers Association and regular conferences on shipping safety. Maritime education aims at the implementation of the state obligations inasmuch international conventions are ratified by the Russian government. ; В статье рассматривается морское образование как отраслевое направление подготовки кадров. Подготовка кадров для флота осуществляется на основе национальных стандартов при обязательном выполнении требований Международной морской организации, которая входит в структуру ООН. Интеграция морского образования с мировой практикой подготовки кадров началась намного раньше введения в нашей стране болонской системы, которую рассматривают иногда как допуск к европейским стандартам. Подготовка кадров для флота в различных странах имеет основу в виде международных и национальных стандартов. Организациями, объединяющими международное морское образовательное сообщество, являются Всемирный морской университет в г. Мальме (Швеция), Международная ассоциация морских университетов, Международная ассоциация морских лекторов. Ту же задачу решают и систематические конференции по вопросам ...

Характеристика влияния решений международных судов на правоприменение исследуется в основном в западной доктрине. Понимание роли данного источника международного права является важной предпосылкой эффективного исполнения Российской Федерацией принятых на себя международных обязательств, участия в отправления правосудия. Все возрастающая роль международных актов в российской правовой системе требует их изучения в целях правильной реализации. Целью исследования является определение роли практики международных судов в выявлении норм международного права, места судебных решений в ряду иных источников международного права. Базовым тезисом является отсутствие у судей правотворческих полномочий, что не исключает возможность интерпретации норм в новых ситуациях с учетом возникающих потребностей. Однако изменения судебной практики должны находиться в пределах допустимого толкования. В ряде случаев источниками международного права следует рассматривать консультативные заключения. Сами решения не могут порождать нормы международного права. Судебные решения следует рассматривать сквозь призму межгосударственного консенсуса, они выступают основным элементом международного обычая. Однако международная юстиция существует как независимый от государств институт, задачей которого является правоприменение и отправление международного правосудия. ; Apart from the western doctrine, not many studies have touched the topic of the influence of international courts' decisions on the enforcement. Understanding of the role of this source of the international law is an important prerequisite for the Russian Federation effective execution of the adopted international obligations and administration of justice. The increasing role of the international acts in the Russian legal system requires their studying for their correct implementation. Thus, the aim of this paper is the definition of a) the role that the international courts take in identifying the rules of the international law, as well as b) the place, which the judicial decisions occupy among other sources of the international law. The main thesis is that the judges lack legislative authorities, which does not exclude the possibility of interpreting the rules in new situations according to arising needs. Yet, the changes in jurisprudence should lie within the existing interpretation. In a number of cases, advisory opinions may serve as the sources of international law. The decisions themselves cannot lead to rules of international law. Judicial decisions should be viewed through the interstate consensus; they shoud act as the key element of the international traditions. Nevertheless, the international justice exists as an independent from states institute, the aim of which is the law enforcement and international justice administration.

At the turn of the century, the rogue state concept has become an integral part of the theory of international relations. However, even contemporary approaches lack the appropriate academic tools to reach a comprehensive understanding of the international community's role in determining the normative frameworks of the proper behavior of the states as the main actors of international system, leaving the relations between global community and the rogues almost an uncharted territory on the international stage. The article considers the category of rogue states as "excluded" members of the international community through the sociological lens of "stigma" (E. Goffman) and "labelling theory" (H. Becker and E. Lemert). Engaging an empirical case of Iraqi foreign policy during and after the Gulf War 1991, the author demonstrates two thresholds of the labelling state as the rogue: public initiation of the offender and self-fulfilling prophecy. It is possible to define some specific features of the outsider's behavior on the international stage: the high level of cooperation among the representatives of the same category, "unsustainable bravado" as the set of fluid and inconsistent actions of the rogue state in foreign policy, finally, the tendency toward obtaining the "secondary gains". Contrariwise, global community tends to pay greater attention to rogue states and exercise some discrimination practices on the ground of their outcast position in the world normative structure with the category of "wise" actors, for example China, being an exception from the common mainstream and maintaining close cooperation ties with rogues.

This article discusses some aspects of international practices of the state regulation of employment as anexample for their use in some CIS countries. Special attention is paid to the problems of employment in developedcountries, ways of solution to the problems and the possibility of their use in the post-Soviet countries.The experience of highly developed countries in solving employment problems is important for thepost-Soviet countries. It shows that within a market economy the viability of enterprises and the efficiency ofsolving employment problems are largely driven by state regulation. The aim of the article is to analyze themain directions of state and regional regulation of employment in foreign countries in order to develop somerecommendations on the use of international practices of regulation of employment in the post-Soviet countries.The article presents some statistics on the unemployment rate of the European countries, Russia andUkraine in recent years. The JER (Joint Employment Report) is analyzed in the article, which is part of theEuropean Employment Strategy and which aims to increase the quantity and improve the quality of jobs inthe EU. Basic models of employment regulation and labor market are considered in detail. The main directionsof performance assurance of government control of Russian and Ukrainian employment are introducedbased on the research of international practices. However, when implementing international practices, bothcommon processes and some unique characteristics of a certain country should be taken into account. ; В статье рассматриваются аспекты зарубежного опыта государственного регулирования занятостинаселения как пример для использования в некоторых странах СНГ. Акцентировано внимание на про-блемах в сфере занятости, возникающих в экономически развитых странах, пути решения этих проблеми возможность их использования в постсоветских странах. Важным для стран постсоветского простран-ства является опыт высокоразвитых стран в решении проблем занятости. Он демонстрирует, что в усло-виях рыночной экономики жизнеспособность предприятий и эффективность решения проблем занято-сти населения в значительной степени были обусловлены именно государственным регулированием.Целью статьи является анализ основных направлений государственного и регионального регулированиязанятости в зарубежных странах для разработки рекомендаций по использованию зарубежного опытарегулирования занятости в постсоветских странах. В статье приводится статистика по уровню безрабо-тицы европейских стран, России, Украины за последние годы. Проанализирован СОЗ (совместный от-чет по занятости), который является частью Европейской стратегии занятости, целью которой являетсяувеличение количества и улучшение качества рабочих мест в ЕС. Подробно рассмотрены основные мо-дели регулирования занятости и рынка труда. На основании проведенного исследования зарубежногоопыта приведены основные направления обеспечения эффективности государственного управления за-нятостью населения России и Украины. Однако обязательно при внедрении зарубежного опыта необхо-димо учитывать как общие процессы, так и особенности и уникальность страны.

The article deals with the problem of intellectual migration (exodus of the highly-skilled personnel, especially in the ield of science and technology), in relation to the three emerging economies: China, India and Russia. A brief historical outline of policy in relation to the "brain drain" is presented, and the experience of the three above-mentioned countries in the ield of intellectual migration management is compared. The basic timeframe of the study is from 1990s to the mid-late 2000s, with some remarks about past decades and future prospects. Among the three examples of migration management the Chinese experience seems more systematical and includes a wide range of instruments for reversing the "brain drain" process. Indian "talent circulation" policy is more fragmented, despite obvious efforts of the government to put it in the strict conceptual framework. In the Russian Federation the "brain drain" policy is yet in the making, and range of appropriate instruments for "circulation of talents" management is to be developed. The inal conclusion is that the dynamics of perception of the "brain drain" phenomenon is generally of a similar character in all three cases: an initial negative attitude and attempts to restrict intellectual migration change over time to the recognition of the "brain drain" inevitability and the transition to a "talent circulation" policy begins, i. e., the using of intellectual diaspora resources for development of the national economy and S&T system.

The article is devoted to the «Trilemma» of the policy of the monetary authorities, or the «rule of impossible trinity». This policy compatibility rule, formulated more than 50 years ago, remains relevant today. Its reliability is generally confirmed by a number of empirical studies, although there are also suggestions on the need to adjust this economic and theoretical development. The corresponding discussion also affects the policy of the Bank of Russia (mega-regulator), which carries out inflation targeting in conditions of the free movement of cross-border capital and the use of a floating ruble exchange rate. Regarding the effectiveness of this policy, carried out in the presence of increased sensitivity of the Russian economy to external shocks, the authors express certain doubts.