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Predicting the future is difficult. Most predictions are either uninteresting or erroneous, because it is difficult to capture the surprising and critical breakpoints. Let's take The year 1989 as an example. They found at least three major events place: if the item was the large demonstrations on Tianamen Square in Beijing, at the same time, the idea of the World Wide Web was launched, and in the fall the Berlin Wall. In retrospect it is easy a look at each of these three events changed the world, each on its feed. Adapted from the source document.

The Arctic has been home to Indigenous peoples since long before the international legal system of sovereign states came into existence. International law has increasingly recognized the rights of Indigenous peoples, who also have status as Permanent Participants in the Arctic Council. In northern Canada, the majority of those who live in the Arctic are recognized as Indigenous. However, in northern Russia, a much smaller percentage of the population is identified as Indigenous, as legal recognition is only accorded to groups with a small population size. This article will compare Russian and Canadian approaches to recognition of Indigenous peoples and Indigenous rights in the Arctic with attention to the implications for Arctic Ocean governance.
The article first introduces international legal instruments of importance to Indigenous peoples and their rights in the Arctic. Then it considers the domestic legal and policy frameworks that define Indigenous rights and interests in Russia and Canada. Despite both states being members of the Arctic Council and parties to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, there are many differences in their treatment of Indigenous peoples with implications for Arctic Ocean governance.