Suchergebnisse

Es zählt zu den Gemeinplätzen der sozialwissenschaftlichen Forschung, dass politische Wirklichkeit sozial konstruiert ist. Wenig wissen wir hingegen darüber, wie politische Wirklichkeit entsteht, insbesondere wie Sprache bewirkt, dass etwas zu einer allgemein akzeptierten politischen Wirklichkeit wird. In Anknüpfung an die bisherige konstruktivistische Forschung rekonstruiert der Band auf methodisch innovative Weise den Gebrauch von Sprachbildern und Metaphern im deutschen Diskurs über den EU-Verfassungsvertrag. Durch die quantitative und qualitative Extrapolation des metaphorischen Sprechens in der Europadebatte lassen sich nicht nur signifikante Veränderungen in den Diskursen der bundesdeutschen Parteien offenlegen, sondern die Einzelmetaphern lassen sich auch zu machtvollen handlungsleitenden Narrativen verdichten. Dass die europäische Verfassungsfrage vor allem eine Frage der demokratischen Legitimation und europäischen Identität, des politischen Gestaltungswillens und der Finalität Europas ist, scheint dabei wenig überraschend. Dass die Frage der Konstitutionalisierung Europas aber auch und gerade ein Diskurs über neue Grenzziehungen und die partielle Schließung "offener Staatlichkeit" ist, kann hingegen als das eigentlich "Neue" in der deutschen Europapolitik angesehen werden. ; It is a truism in social scientific research to say that political reality is socially constructed. Despite this we know very little about how political reality comes into being, and especially how language can cause something to become a generally accepted part of political reality. Building on the constructivist research already undertaken this volume applies an innovative methodology to reconstruct the use of imagery and metaphors which have been part of the German discourse surrounding the EU\'s constitution. By quantitatively and qualitatively extrapolating metaphoric speech in the debate on Europe, it is not only possible to reveal significant changes in the discourse of German political parties, but also to see how the individual metaphors condense to become powerful guiding narratives. Seen in this light it is then not particularly surprising that the question of the European constitution is " more than anything " a question of democratic legitimacy, European identity, the will to shape the political, and of European finality. At the same time the question of Europe\'s constitutionalisation is particularly a discourse of redrawing borders, and the partial closure of "open stateness". It is this then that can be seen as "the new part" of German European policy.

Intro -- Foreword -- Authors -- Contents -- Table of Cases -- Table of Legislation -- Introduction -- What is Statutory Interpretation and Why is it so Important? -- The Purpose of this Book -- Structure and Approach -- A Word of Thanks -- 1. Introduction to Domestic Legislation: Statutes and Subordinate Legislation -- Primary Legislation: Acts of Parliament -- Subordinate Legislation: Statutory Instruments -- 2. Anatomy and Structure of Domestic Legislation -- Constituent Components of an Act -- Constituent Components of Statutory Instruments -- 3. Core Principles and Approach -- The Central Objective and Overall Approach -- Reading the Statutory Language -- The Role of Context and Purpose -- Judicial Correction of Obvious Errors in Statutory Drafting -- Contextual Construction: The Presumption that Parliament Knows the Law and Endorses Certain Judicial Decisions -- The Role of Subsequent Practice in Interpretation -- 4. General Presumptions as to the Intended Effect of Legislation -- The Presumption that Legislation Accords with 'Common Sense' -- The Presumption of Reasonableness: Presumption against an Absurd, Irrational, Futile or Unreasonable Result -- The Presumption that Penal Provisions Should be Strictly Construed -- The Presumption against Changes in the Common Law -- The Presumption that Legislation is Not Contrary to Fundamental Rights or Basic Tenets of the Common Law: The Principle of Legality -- The Presumption of Fairness -- The Presumption of Mens Rea in Statutory Offences -- The Presumption against the Exclusion of Judicial Review: Presumption that Ouster Clauses are to be Strictly Construed -- The Presumption that Parliament Does Not Authorise a Tort -- The Presumption that Legislation Does Not Bind the Crown -- The Presumption against Retrospectivity -- The Presumption of Compatibility or Conformity with International Law.

1. Introduction -- 1.1. Research Question and Argument -- 1.2. Impermissibility of Courts Reconstructing Treaty Obligations -- 1.3. Outline of the Positions with Which this Book Takes Issue -- 1.4. Methodological Questions -- 2. Different Regimes, Different Methods of Interpretation? -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. Constitutional Treaties, Human Rights Treaties, 'Ordinary Treaties' -- 2.3. Systemic Coherence in both Content and Method -- 2.4. Conclusion -- 3. The Means of Interpretation Admissible for the Establishment of the Intention of the Parties -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Evolutionary Interpretation and Good Faith -- 3.3. Evolutionary Interpretation and the Intention of the Parties -- 3.4. Conclusion -- 4. The Intertemporal Law -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Normative Criticisms of the Principle of Intertemporality -- 4.3. Jus Cogens Superveniens: Peremptory Norms and Time -- 4.4. Conclusion -- 5. Evolutionary Interpretation, Or Not? : Evolutionary Interpretation and Jurisdiction Ratione Temporis -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. Jurisdiction Ratione Temporis in the European Court of Human Rights -- 5.3. The Traditional Doctrine of Jurisdiction Ratione Temporis -- 5.4. Conclusion -- 6. Conclusion : Evolution Intended -- 6.1. Intention of the Parties and Evolution -- 6.2. One Coherent Method of Treaty Interpretation -- 6.3. Evolving International Law -- 6.4. A Redundant Concept?