The court's jurisdiction with regard to employment disputes is a new and unexplored aspect of the application of current labour legislation. The transformation of social and economic relations, an extensive system of specialized courts and the change of established approaches to the subject matter of labour law fundamentally modify the perceptions of labour law's place and role in the legal system of Ukraine. It leads to a reconsideration of traditional approaches to the jurisdiction in general and to the jurisdiction over labour disputes in particular. The main research method is an analytical method that has been used to analyse and categorize legal conclusions of the Great Chamber of the Supreme Court and to identify the relationship between them and the theory of labour law. The principal outcome of the research is that established approaches to the subject matter of labour law are now dated and bound to decline. The current case law of the Supreme Court continues to be in the forefront of changes concerning the application of the law and it also has a significant impact on the basis of labour law. The labour disputes nowadays can be resolved within the civil jurisdiction (based on a labour agreement), the administrative jurisdiction (labour relations in the public service) and the commercial jurisdiction (the appointment and dismissal of directors in companies). Before, the Great Chamber identified a number of labour disputes that should be settled within the alternative dispute resolution procedure.
The article deals with the correlation between the European Union law and international law. Constant participation of the European Union and its members in international organizations gave a rise to the need for establishment of interrelation between the sources of international law particularly international agreements and customs and sources of European Union law such as regulating agreements and acts of the EU institutions as well as necessity to identify which norms should be applied in a certain case and which hierarchical connections exist in these sources. This issue was research by numerous Ukrainian and foreign scholars such as T.V. Komarova, O.V. Plotnikov, K. Zigler, I.I. Maryniv, R. Jennigs, K. Tomushat and others. But unlike scientific research EU agreements do not have any provisions which would identify the type of relations between EU law and international law. It is also necessary to note that the only subject which position is important in this sphere is EU Court. In order to answer the mentioned questions decisions of the EU Court which had an impact on the formation of a new law and order on international level such as the one of the European Union (for example decision in case Van Gend en Loos) and decision of the Court which established fundamental positions regarding correlation of EU law and international law (for example in case Kadi v Council and Commission) were researched into. Provisions of EU regulating agreements related to international agreements and their place in the system of norms of the European Union were analyzed. To see the procedure of applying customary law in European law case law of the EU Court was researched. The article provides modern position of the EU Court regarding interaction between European and international law.
The article deals with the issue of the conflicts of laws in international private law. It has been found out that each state has its own legal regulation of the relations which leads to conflicts of material norms of various states and complicates legal regulation of international relationships. The law of the states has many differences in regulation of various relations which provides for application of a connecting factor as one of the ways to solve the problem. It has been proved that international private law has a significant role in regulation of relations with a foreign element. As for international private law which norms are formed independently by each state, compliance with treaty obligations as well as rules and principles of international law by each state is significant to each state. At the same time, codification of international private law is the main way for systematization and legislative implementation of conflict of laws, material and procedural provisions designated for regulation of private relations with foreign element. Qualification of legal definitions which are applied in formulation of the rule of the conflict of laws is a burning issue as well. It has been established that the procedure for qualification in international private law should identify the model of relations and consists of three stages which are: interpretation of the rule; analysis of relations; comparison of the rule and relations. It has been clarified that the situation of a mobile conflict and the issue of acceptance or failure to accept remission and remission to the law of the third state relate to the issue regarding application of the rule of the conflict of laws in international private law. We think that the first priority task is to bring national laws on international private law in compliance with modern conditions of international civil and trade turnover. For the future development it is necessary to introduce a single legislative act which will take into account all these issues and the mechanism ...
Currently, international community faces bloody armed conflicts. During the operation in Syria, thousands of civilians become victims. Many other countries are suffering because they are forced to divide their homes with the waves of migrants. Every day we see violation of human rights, which are the most important values enshrined in the international law, and these violations constitute crimes against the international law. Ukraine is also experiencing a similar situation. During the aggravation of Ukrainian-Russian relations, the issue of responsibility of the parties to the conflict for their crimes is very relevant. In this context, accusations and convictions often occur at the level of national courts. They are the most effective instrument of condemning citizens of the other party for war crimes. Our task is to figure out whether there exists an effective mechanism to convict the perpetrators of the most serious crimes. There are mechanisms to punish the subject whose actions affect the interests of all mankind. It is widely known and used both in the international and national law, and called universal jurisdiction. The problem is that still, there are not any unified principles for its application. In particular, the question arises, who can apply it and against whom. The article reveals the peculiarities of application of the universal jurisdiction in the national law. In particular, attention is paid to the mechanisms for consolidating universal jurisdiction in the legislation of the Romano-Germanic and Anglo-Saxon legal systems, in particular as regards its subject-matter, personal and territorial application. An inalienable element of this study is the analysis of the powers and practice of the judicial authorities in this matter. The main purpose of the article is a study of universal jurisdiction, based on classical cases of its consolidation in the national law. Additionally, we consider issues of practical application thereof in cases of war crimes. The conclusion is that the national legislation has moved to a more narrow understanding of the universal jurisdiction. Most often, in order to start a case, the complainant must be present before the national court. It is important that the offenses have a connection with public interests of the state iudex loci deprehensionis. The problem is also that the consolidation and application of universal jurisdiction at the national level has not been yet unified.Article received 25.02.2019 ; Щодня ми бачимо порушення прав людини, які є найважливішою цінністю, закріпленою в міжнародному праві, і ці порушення є злочинами проти міжнародного права. Україна також переживає подібну ситуацію. Під час загострення українсько-російських відносин питання відповідальності сторін конфлікту за злочини є дуже актуальним. Засудження часто відбувається на рівні національних судів, адже вони є найефективнішим інструментом засудження громадян іншої сторони за воєнні злочини. У статті розкрито особливості застосування універсальної юрисдикції в національному праві. Ця концепція є актуальною для України сьогодні у світлі подій на Сході. У статті розглянуто механізми закріплення універсальної юрисдикції в законодавстві держав романо-германської та англосаксонської правових систем, зокрема щодо її предметного, персонального та територіального застосування. Здійснено аналіз повноважень та практики судових органів у цьому питанні.Матеріал надійшов 25.02.2019
Currently, international community faces bloody armed conflicts. During the operation in Syria, thousands of civilians become victims. Many other countries are suffering because they are forced to divide their homes with the waves of migrants. Every day we see violation of human rights, which are the most important values enshrined in the international law, and these violations constitute crimes against the international law. Ukraine is also experiencing a similar situation. During the aggravation of Ukrainian-Russian relations, the issue of responsibility of the parties to the conflict for their crimes is very relevant. In this context, accusations and convictions often occur at the level of national courts. They are the most effective instrument of condemning citizens of the other party for war crimes. Our task is to figure out whether there exists an effective mechanism to convict the perpetrators of the most serious crimes. There are mechanisms to punish the subject whose actions affect the interests of all mankind. It is widely known and used both in the international and national law, and called universal jurisdiction. The problem is that still, there are not any unified principles for its application. In particular, the question arises, who can apply it and against whom. The article reveals the peculiarities of application of the universal jurisdiction in the national law. In particular, attention is paid to the mechanisms for consolidating universal jurisdiction in the legislation of the Romano-Germanic and Anglo-Saxon legal systems, in particular as regards its subject-matter, personal and territorial application. An inalienable element of this study is the analysis of the powers and practice of the judicial authorities in this matter. The main purpose of the article is a study of universal jurisdiction, based on classical cases of its consolidation in the national law. Additionally, we consider issues of practical application thereof in cases of war crimes. The conclusion is that the national legislation has moved to a more narrow understanding of the universal jurisdiction. Most often, in order to start a case, the complainant must be present before the national court. It is important that the offenses have a connection with public interests of the state iudex loci deprehensionis. The problem is also that the consolidation and application of universal jurisdiction at the national level has not been yet unified.Article received 25.02.2019 ; Щодня ми бачимо порушення прав людини, які є найважливішою цінністю, закріпленою в міжнародному праві, і ці порушення є злочинами проти міжнародного права. Україна також переживає подібну ситуацію. Під час загострення українсько-російських відносин питання відповідальності сторін конфлікту за злочини є дуже актуальним. Засудження часто відбувається на рівні національних судів, адже вони є найефективнішим інструментом засудження громадян іншої сторони за воєнні злочини. У статті розкрито особливості застосування універсальної юрисдикції в національному праві. Ця концепція є актуальною для України сьогодні у світлі подій на Сході. У статті розглянуто механізми закріплення універсальної юрисдикції в законодавстві держав романо-германської та англосаксонської правових систем, зокрема щодо її предметного, персонального та територіального застосування. Здійснено аналіз повноважень та практики судових органів у цьому питанні.Матеріал надійшов 25.02.2019
Currently, international community faces bloody armed conflicts. During the operation in Syria, thousands of civilians become victims. Many other countries are suffering because they are forced to divide their homes with the waves of migrants. Every day we see violation of human rights, which are the most important values enshrined in the international law, and these violations constitute crimes against the international law. Ukraine is also experiencing a similar situation. During the aggravation of Ukrainian-Russian relations, the issue of responsibility of the parties to the conflict for their crimes is very relevant. In this context, accusations and convictions often occur at the level of national courts. They are the most effective instrument of condemning citizens of the other party for war crimes. Our task is to figure out whether there exists an effective mechanism to convict the perpetrators of the most serious crimes. There are mechanisms to punish the subject whose actions affect the interests of all mankind. It is widely known and used both in the international and national law, and called universal jurisdiction. The problem is that still, there are not any unified principles for its application. In particular, the question arises, who can apply it and against whom. The article reveals the peculiarities of application of the universal jurisdiction in the national law. In particular, attention is paid to the mechanisms for consolidating universal jurisdiction in the legislation of the Romano-Germanic and Anglo-Saxon legal systems, in particular as regards its subject-matter, personal and territorial application. An inalienable element of this study is the analysis of the powers and practice of the judicial authorities in this matter. The main purpose of the article is a study of universal jurisdiction, based on classical cases of its consolidation in the national law. Additionally, we consider issues of practical application thereof in cases of war crimes. The conclusion is that the national legislation has moved to a more narrow understanding of the universal jurisdiction. Most often, in order to start a case, the complainant must be present before the national court. It is important that the offenses have a connection with public interests of the state iudex loci deprehensionis. The problem is also that the consolidation and application of universal jurisdiction at the national level has not been yet unified.Article received 25.02.2019 ; Щодня ми бачимо порушення прав людини, які є найважливішою цінністю, закріпленою в міжнародному праві, і ці порушення є злочинами проти міжнародного права. Україна також переживає подібну ситуацію. Під час загострення українсько-російських відносин питання відповідальності сторін конфлікту за злочини є дуже актуальним. Засудження часто відбувається на рівні національних судів, адже вони є найефективнішим інструментом засудження громадян іншої сторони за воєнні злочини. У статті розкрито особливості застосування універсальної юрисдикції в національному праві. Ця концепція є актуальною для України сьогодні у світлі подій на Сході. У статті розглянуто механізми закріплення універсальної юрисдикції в законодавстві держав романо-германської та англосаксонської правових систем, зокрема щодо її предметного, персонального та територіального застосування. Здійснено аналіз повноважень та практики судових органів у цьому питанні.Матеріал надійшов 25.02.2019
The article deals with the issues of legal regulation of procedural relations, as well as the delimitation of the administrative process from civil-procedural activity on the subjects of consideration of labor disputes. It is emphasized that the problem of distinguishing material public law from private is always an important problem. Not all labor relations fall under the signs of private law, in which the rights, freedoms and interests of individuals are protected, but most of them are regulated by labor legislation, which is based on the legislation regulating private relations. However, there are relations that arise between state bodies and citizens governed by labor law, but their regulation falls within the sphere of public law. Disputes arising from these legal relationships are resolved by the administrative court. Protection of certain labor relations is also carried out with the application of administrative liability, cases concerning this are considered by a court of general jurisdiction. The author notes that the legislator provided for the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of workers by the competent authorities to apply measures of administrative coercion. After all, being the main method of administrative activity, persuasion is not always a very effective measure to influence the behavior of those who commit illegal acts. In this regard, the state, protecting the inviolability of the regulated labor relations of the person, his right to work and adequate remuneration, the legitimate interests of citizens, their teams, trade unions, the rights and responsibilities of owners of enterprises, institutions and organizations, authorizes employees authorities to apply coercion to those who are not influenced by persuasion and public influence. Administrative coercion is applied on the basis of persuasion, the means of influence of which have already been exhausted. One of the types of measures of administrative coercion used in the consideration of labor disputes in order to protect labor relations is administrative liability. Cases of this jurisdiction are considered by a court of general jurisdiction. The author defines the criteria for distinguishing between labor disputes, which belong to the competence of the administrative court (considered in administrative proceedings and regulated by the Code of Administrative Procedure of Ukraine) and general jurisdiction (considered in civil proceedings and regulated by the Labor Code). ; У статті розглядаються питання правового регулювання процесуальних відносин, а також відмежування адміністративного процесу від цивільно-процесуальної діяльності за предметами розгляду трудових спорів. Підкреслюється, що важливою проблемою завжди виступає проблема відмежування матеріального публічного права від приватного. Не всі трудові відносини підпадають під ознаки приватно-правового характеру, де захищаються права, свободи й інтереси фізичних осіб, хоча більшість із них регулюються трудовим законодавством, яке в основі своїй є законодавством, що регулює приватноправові відносини. Однак є відносини, які виникають між державними органами й громадянами, регульовані трудовим законодавством, але розгляд спорів і процес їх вирішення належать до сфери публічного права. Справи відносно вирішення цих спорів розглядаються адміністративним судом. Автором відзначається, що законодавець передбачив для охорони прав і законних інтересів трудящих застосування компетентними органами заходів адміністративного примусу. Адже будучи основним методом адміністративної діяльності, переконання не завжди виявляється досить ефективним заходом впливу на поведінку осіб, що вчиняють протиправні дії. У зв'язку з цим держава, охороняючи недоторканність урегульованих трудових відносин особи, її права на працю і адекватну оплату цієї праці, законні інтереси громадян, їхніх колективів, профспілкових організацій, прав і обов'язків власників підприємств, установ і організацій, уповноважує співробітників окремих органів застосовувати примус до тих, хто не піддається впливу заходів переконання й громадського впливу. Адміністративний примус застосовується на основі переконання, засоби впливу якого вже вичерпані. Одним із видів заходів адміністративного примусу, що застосовується під час розгляду трудових спорів з метою захисту трудових відносин, є адміністративна відповідальність. Справи даної юрисдикції розглядаються судом загальної юрисдикції. Автором визначено критерії для розмежування розгляду трудових спорів, які належать до компетенції адміністративного суду (розглядаються в порядку адміністративного судочинства та регулюються Кодексом адміністративного судочинства України) та загальної юрисдикції (розглядаються в порядку цивільного судочинства та регулюються Кодексом законів про працю).
The article deals with the issues of legal regulation of procedural relations, as well as the delimitation of the administrative process from civil-procedural activity on the subjects of consideration of labor disputes. It is emphasized that the problem of distinguishing material public law from private is always an important problem. Not all labor relations fall under the signs of private law, in which the rights, freedoms and interests of individuals are protected, but most of them are regulated by labor legislation, which is based on the legislation regulating private relations. However, there are relations that arise between state bodies and citizens governed by labor law, but their regulation falls within the sphere of public law. Disputes arising from these legal relationships are resolved by the administrative court. Protection of certain labor relations is also carried out with the application of administrative liability, cases concerning this are considered by a court of general jurisdiction. The author notes that the legislator provided for the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of workers by the competent authorities to apply measures of administrative coercion. After all, being the main method of administrative activity, persuasion is not always a very effective measure to influence the behavior of those who commit illegal acts. In this regard, the state, protecting the inviolability of the regulated labor relations of the person, his right to work and adequate remuneration, the legitimate interests of citizens, their teams, trade unions, the rights and responsibilities of owners of enterprises, institutions and organizations, authorizes employees authorities to apply coercion to those who are not influenced by persuasion and public influence. Administrative coercion is applied on the basis of persuasion, the means of influence of which have already been exhausted. One of the types of measures of administrative coercion used in the consideration of labor disputes in order to protect labor relations is administrative liability. Cases of this jurisdiction are considered by a court of general jurisdiction. The author defines the criteria for distinguishing between labor disputes, which belong to the competence of the administrative court (considered in administrative proceedings and regulated by the Code of Administrative Procedure of Ukraine) and general jurisdiction (considered in civil proceedings and regulated by the Labor Code). ; У статті розглядаються питання правового регулювання процесуальних відносин, а також відмежування адміністративного процесу від цивільно-процесуальної діяльності за предметами розгляду трудових спорів. Підкреслюється, що важливою проблемою завжди виступає проблема відмежування матеріального публічного права від приватного. Не всі трудові відносини підпадають під ознаки приватно-правового характеру, де захищаються права, свободи й інтереси фізичних осіб, хоча більшість із них регулюються трудовим законодавством, яке в основі своїй є законодавством, що регулює приватноправові відносини. Однак є відносини, які виникають між державними органами й громадянами, регульовані трудовим законодавством, але розгляд спорів і процес їх вирішення належать до сфери публічного права. Справи відносно вирішення цих спорів розглядаються адміністративним судом. Автором відзначається, що законодавець передбачив для охорони прав і законних інтересів трудящих застосування компетентними органами заходів адміністративного примусу. Адже будучи основним методом адміністративної діяльності, переконання не завжди виявляється досить ефективним заходом впливу на поведінку осіб, що вчиняють протиправні дії. У зв'язку з цим держава, охороняючи недоторканність урегульованих трудових відносин особи, її права на працю і адекватну оплату цієї праці, законні інтереси громадян, їхніх колективів, профспілкових організацій, прав і обов'язків власників підприємств, установ і організацій, уповноважує співробітників окремих органів застосовувати примус до тих, хто не піддається впливу заходів переконання й громадського впливу. Адміністративний примус застосовується на основі переконання, засоби впливу якого вже вичерпані. Одним із видів заходів адміністративного примусу, що застосовується під час розгляду трудових спорів з метою захисту трудових відносин, є адміністративна відповідальність. Справи даної юрисдикції розглядаються судом загальної юрисдикції. Автором визначено критерії для розмежування розгляду трудових спорів, які належать до компетенції адміністративного суду (розглядаються в порядку адміністративного судочинства та регулюються Кодексом адміністративного судочинства України) та загальної юрисдикції (розглядаються в порядку цивільного судочинства та регулюються Кодексом законів про працю).
This article is devoted to the main problems in the institute of the death penalty. Nowadays, our society concentrates on the humanization of the rule-making framework, and especially on the loyal application of the punishment to the defendants. The State by establishing the death penalty takes away human life and it denies the honor, dignity and social value of human beings as the main goal of the states and social existence. The main idea of this article to analyze the institute of the death penalty, to explore and make statistics of states where it still exists and to determine reasons for its application. Therefore, the author considered the main aspects of the institution of the death penalty and the right to life, their legislative consolidation and concluded that the problem of the death penalty is one of the biggest problems in international law. In today's society, a lot of issues concerning the rightness and legality of the use of the death penalty exist. In this regard, the article focuses on the main regulations in which the prohibition of the death penalty is enshrined, these include the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and Protocol No. 13 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms on the Abolition of the Death Penalty and the like. The concept of the death penalty, history and current state of its development in the world are also revealed. Also, the author analyzed the doctrine of scholars on this issue and consented that the death penalty is contrary to the principle right to life, which is the major one in international law. The author noted that many countries refuse to recognize international standards in this sphere and refuse to ratify the Protocols to international treaties abolishing the death penalty. Analyzing the issue of the death penalty, the author outlined numerous problems raised during conducting the study and noted that the international community has the task of solving the problems mentioned ...
The article researches development of trust property institute in continental law states and investigates possible development of national legislation in this sphere. The article also characterizes modern state of trust property in Ukraine and proposed models of its improvement. In all researched continental law states it is possible to trace personal way of development of trust property institute as well as a special mean of trust implementation. Approaches of foreign legislators distinguish and can be seen in implementation of single-level and two-level changes. The first one is ratification of the Hague Trust Convention (Italy) as well as enshrining of its own trust like constructions (France, Germany). Two-level changes are represented by first Ratification of the Hague Trust Convention and then adoption of special acts to regulate legislative collisions in regulation of trust relations (Switzerland). The article has also researched prospects in development of Ukrainian national legislation. Draft laws which are registered in the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and consider trust property as one more way to ensure performance of duties along with other ones provided for by p. 1 of Art. 546 of the Civil Code of Ukraine such as forfeit, bailment, guarantee, collateral/pledge, retention, deposit (down payment) have been investigated. Reasons for enlarging legislation on trust relations through ratification of conventions and creation of a wide legal regulation of the researched sphere have been provided.
The article is devoted to the study of the problems of the application of law of unrecognized states in international law. The concept of application of foreign law in general and the legislation of unrecognized states in particular is defined. It is indicated that the relation to foreign law, as an actual circumstance or as a legal category, is determined by the method of foreign law application, which varies depending on the legal family to which a particular state belongs. Two main theories concerning recognition are investigated: declarative and constitutive. The notions of "unrecognized states" and "unrecognized governments" are delimited.The peculiarities of the application of the law of unrecognized states in international law are defined. Key words: application of foreign law, establishment of content of foreign law, qualification of foreign law, unrecognized states, unrecognized governments, international recognition, sovereignty. кандидат філологічних наук, доцент, Мясоєдова С. В., Комлик А. В. Проблеми застосування права невизнаних держав в міжнародному праві/ Національний юридичний університет імені Ярослава Мудрого, Україна, Харків;Стаття присвячена дослідженню проблем застосування права невизнаних держав в міжнародному праві. Визначено поняття застосування іноземного права загалом та невизнаних держав зокрема. Вказано на те, що відношення до іноземного права як до фактичної обставини чи як до правової категорії визначається методом застосування іноземного права, що різниться залежно від того, до якої правової сім'ї належить певна держава. Досліджено дві основні теорії щодо визнання: декларативну і конститутивну. Розмежовано поняття «невизнані держави» та «невизнані уряди». Встановлено особливості застосування права невизнаних держав в міжнародному праві.Ключові слова: застосування іноземного права, встановлення змісту іноземного права, кваліфікація іноземного права, невизнані держави, невизнані уряди, міжнародне визнання, суверенітет.
The paper deals with the analysis of the legal nature of international courts' decisions and their impact on the international financial legal order. The author claims that decisions of international courts, creating no new international legal financial norms, act as an additional source of international financial law, having no autonomy, and in combination with other sources of international law, performs the following functions: 1) regulatory-prescriptive (via opinio juris of existing traditions in interstate practice in the financial sphere transforming them into international customary law); 2) regulatory-affirming (confirming the legal nature of the international agreement between the subjects of international financial legal relations which caused a disputable situation). The judicial practice on financial issues and specificity of functioning of such judicial institutions as the Permanent Court of International Justice, the International Court of Justice, the CIS Economic Court, the Court of Justice of the European Union, the Court of Justice of the Central African Economic and Monetary Community, etc. are examined. The features of the provisions of international agreements on financial issues regarding the procedure for resolving disputes between the parties of the agreement about its implementation are analyzed. The paper explores particularities of the origin and development of the idea of the creation of an international financial court. Amid modern processes of the rapid growth of the amount of crossborder financial flows in the context of globalization, which is the consequence of the implementation of numerous international financial agreements, the idea of creation of an international financial court, which was first suggested in 1935, due to the complexity of legal nature of interstate financial disputes, is an objective necessity. The following features intrinsic to decisions of international courts (including decisions on financial issues) have been identified: 1) locality (binding only on the ...
The review evaluates the content of the monography. It has been concluded that the idea of the monograph is relevant since the rules of international treaties of Ukraine (namely, bilateral agreements on legal assistance) and the Law of Ukraine on Private International Law (hereinafter: PILA) contain some gaps and uncertain provisions regarding international succession law issues which need to be filled or revised respectively. We support the author's suggestion to make such amendments taking into consideration Regulation (EU) No 650/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2012 on jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition and enforcement of decisions and acceptance and enforcement of authentic instruments in matters of succession and on the creation of a European Certificate of Succession, as well as, the EU Private International Law doctrine and solutions to international succession law issues in national law of some the EU Member States. The book consists of 15 chapters which focus on the determination of international jurisdiction in succession matters; determination of the law applicable to succession relations with a foreign element; recognition and enforcement of foreign decisions in succession matters; acceptance of authentic documents created abroad. Many author's ideas seem appropriate. They include the suggestions to determine the scope of law applicable to the succession in PILA; to amend the conflict of laws rules applicable to the form of wills; to include in PILA conflict of laws rules regarding succession agreements; to amend some rules of Civil Procedural Code of Ukraine applicable to recognition and enforcement of foreign decisions in civil matters and others. It was concluded that the monograph would useful f
The article is devoted to the analysis of the legal provision of insignificant civil jurisdiction cases. The meaning of insignificant civil jurisdiction cases are analyzed. Consideration and proposed methods for solving problems of insignificant civil jurisdiction cases. Possible prospects for further development in this direction. The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine adopted the Law of Ukraine "On Amendments to the Commercial Procedural Code of Ukraine, the Civil Procedural Code of Ukraine and other norms of the Ukrainian legislation". By this law, the legislator introduced the concept of minor cases, which are considered in the simplified procedure. According to the Civil Procedural Code, the legislator noted that minor cases are: 1. Cases in which the value of the claim does not exceed one hundred living wages for the able-bodied. 2. Cases of minor complexity, declared by the court insignificant. The difference between the general and the simplified procedure is that the court examines the case in the form of a simplified lawsuit without notifying the parties of the materials available in the case. Also, consideration of the case in the order of the simplified lawsuit takes place without a preparatory meeting and not later than 30 days from the opening date of the proceedings. We believe that these changes are not complete and there are many defects that we encountered in studying the subject. The first problem is the very term of minor cases, it does not exist in civil procedural law. In view of this, we propose the introduction of the term Civil cases of no significant complexity, that is, the insignificant case is a civil matter, in which the controversial legal relationship nature, subject matter of evidence and the composition of the participants, etc., do not require the conduct of preparatory proceedings and / or court sessions for the complete and complete establishment of circumstances. Also there are also no nominal non-property cases assigned. Non-proprietary claims - claims that do not include claim fees. Therefore, one more problem arises from this. However, in our opinion, non-property disputes can`t be considered as insignificant, since the Constitution of Ukraine states that the person, his life and health, honor and dignity, inviolability and security are recognized in Ukraine as the highest social value. In addition, the legislator did not foresee the appeal of minor cases in the cassation court. Therefore, there is a need to further resolve this gap in civil law due to the violation of legal human rights to a fair trial. ; Статья посвящена анализу законодательного положения о малозначимости дел гражданской юрисдикции. Проанализировано значение малозначимости дел гражданской юрисдикции для судопроизводства Украины. Рассмотрены методы решения проблематики малозначительности дел гражданской юрисдикции, в частности, ограничения в кассационном обжаловании решений по малозначимым делам, и является ли это нарушением Конституции Украины. Определены возможные перспективы дальнейшего развития в данном направлении. ; Стаття присвячена аналізу законодавчого положення щодо малозначності справ цивільної юрисдикції. Проаналізоване значення малозначності справ цивільної юрисдикції для судочинства України. Розглянуті методи щодо вирішення проблематики малозначності справ цивільної юрисдикції, зокрема, обмеження у касаційному оскарженні рішень щодо малозначних справ, та чи є це порушенням Конституції України. Зазначені можливі перспективи подальшого розвитку у даному напряму.
The article discloses the formation, development and modern state of private international law in the European Union. The concept of "European private international law", including an analysis of the term in a narrow, wide and broadest sense is revealed in the article. The author analyses three main stages in the development of the private international law in the EU, in particular: formation (1957 ‒ 1999); active development ‒ after the entry into force of the Amsterdam Treaty (1999 ‒ 2009); modern period ‒ after the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty (2009 ‒ present). This article examines the limits of EU legislation as the source of a single law and highlights the difficulties associated with projects on the codification of private law in the EU. Such an approach may be appropriate in the current state of EU integration if it is limited by the rules of binding contract law and the provisions of private international law. Further harmonization of private law in Europe also requires significant changes in the institutional structure for the creation of uniform rules and the development of new methods of regulation. There are three features of the development of the private international law in the EU: 1) the gradual transition from internationalization to Europeanization; 2) evolution to reduce the "flexibility" of conflict regulation of contractual relations through greater certainty in application; 3) if in 1999 the international convention was the source of unification of the private international law, then after this date the regulation becomes the standard source of unification. Private international law in the EU can be defined as the interconnection and interaction between the systems of national law of the EU Member States and the system of uniform (unified) legal norms aimed at regulating private legal relations with a foreign element within the EU. European private international law can be seen in a narrow sense (conflict of law), broad sense (covers conflict and conflict law) and the broadest ...
