Suchergebnisse

La presente nota de investigación versa sobre el concepto de pacifismo político como propuesta teórica en el marco de las relaciones internacionales. Un concepto que, junto con el de realismo político o realpolitik, conforma un eje analítico que nos ayudará a comprender las diversas propuestas teóricas que existen alrede- dor de los conceptos de paz y guerra en función de una mayor o menor justificación de ésta última. Así pues, presentamos el pacifismo político como uno de los extremos de dicho eje analítico y al mismo tiempo como la consolidación de una propuesta teórica que se inició desde los comienzos de la civilización humana. Una tradición de pensamiento que ha sufrido una evolución constante como veremos en el presente trabajo.

Congreso internacional sobre reforma constitucional y defensa de la democracia (2019. Oviedo, Asturias) ; La doctrina de la sustitución constitucional pretende diferenciar entre sustituir y reformar la constitución, con la finalidad de impedir que cumpliendo los procedimientos y condiciones establecidos en la Constitución para su modificación se puedan alterar los principios y valores en los que se asienta su origen. ; Principado de Asturias, Ministerio de Educación y Universidades, Universidad de Oviedo

By definition a "wall" is a continuous structure of masonry or other material forming a rampart and built for defensive purposes. Throughout the history of mankind walls have been risen to protect the new cities conquered, like the seven walls protecting the legendary city of Troy, the Great Wall of China, or even the Berlin Wall.This is the case of the wall being built between the frontier of the United States and Mexico.During President's G.W. Bush mandate, the "secure fence act" was signed to law in September 29th 2006, after receiving its approval by the members of the US senate. New operations such as "gatekeeper" and "safeguard" with the purpose of stopping illegal immigration as well as drug traffic, are implementing this same method.It is not a continuous wall along the 3185 km of frontier, but a series of physical walls in strategic points where it is believed this illegal movements mostly took place in the past years, going through cities to inhabited areas. The parts left without wall have what could be called a virtual fence, composed by traffic checkpoints, cameras and even satellites; all to make sure safety is kept within the US territory.The estimated cost of this still going operation is of U$S 7 thousand million for the actual physical fence of 1100 km, adding to that U$S 30 thousand million for the virtual one.But as everything in life, here we have the other side of the coin too. Regardless of having passed the bill into a law, American governors are facing another problem, that arouse after senator's K. Hutchison amendment. This amendment partly reads "…nothing in this paragraph shall require the Secretary of Homeland Security to install fencing, physical barriers, roads, lighting, cameras, and sensors in a particular location along an international border of the United States, if the Secretary determines that the use or placement of such resources is not the most appropriate means to achieve and maintain operational control over the international border at such location…". Meaning that if this amendment takes place the project mentioned before could stop being installed and therefore implemented.Whichever measure is finally taken, the result will still end up being about protecting American citizens, period. The Argentinian/American writer Mr.Oppenheimer proposes three projects in which the money for building the palisade could be spent while promoting cross border relations, such as implementing a regional health cooperation system, or simply investing more in Mexican infrastructure in the south, so people will not have to move towards the more industrialized north area of Mexico, all to realize that if there are no opportunities there, the only chance for survival and having a decent lifestyle is to migrate towards the US pursuing the American dream.Sometimes we take for granted the meaning of some things, but how well do we understand the meaning of a wall? Take a look at the definition given above. We keep on dividing and protecting ourselves, from what? Ourselves? It is not the Barbarians times anymore, nor the Troyans nor the Vikings, it is the twenty first century, every piece of land has been conquered now, there is absolutely no reason to continue making divisions instead of bonds, but money. We are living in exponential times, meaning, by the time that wall is finished, if it ever is, some person in some part of the globe will have already invented a new way to mock the surveillance methods used by the governments.Terrorism and drug traffic might decrease in the south area of the US or even in the US as a whole; but, we are missing the bigger picture here! It is not about the unpaid taxes on the US by illegal immigrants, the drug issues Americans face, or the racism towards the Mexicans, neither about protecting ourselves or our fellow countrymen, it is about protecting humanity as a whole.In conclusion, it is our job as an international society not to let this be just another brick in the wall dividing us humans, it is our job to make the difference, and start promoting instances pro-humanity, because in the end, that is what we all got in common, we may be Americans, Mexicans, or from anywhere else in the world, but all in all we are humans, which makes us all citizens of the same place, Earth; and as a great woman once said "As you grow older, you will discover that you have two hands, one for helping yourself, the other for helping others." It is high time we started using our other hand.*Estudiante de la Licenciatura en Estudios Internacionales.FACS - Universidad ORT Uruguay

The text is divided in two phases. In the first phase, consisting of three parts, the main concepts of Kant's Doctrine of Right are considered in a comprehensive approach related to: the issue of the relations between natural right and positive right, problem closely connected to that of the relations between natural state and civil state, private right and public right; to the doctrine of property and its connection with political right. on treating the right in its several types, we intend to appoint the practical reasoning as a background of the Doctrine. In the second phase, concerning its last section, the consideration on the presence of the practical reasoning into the right is placed before some specificities of Kant's phylosophy of history, with the intent of establishing the possible relation between Rechtslehre and that philosophy.

L'enquête menée en France en 2010-2011 sur le thème Perception des inégalités et sentiments de justice a mis en évidence le rôle structurant de l'opposition gauche/droite sur les conceptions de la justice. Une hypothèse explicative de cette incidence réside dans la cohérence intrinsèque des représentations morales du juste. Néanmoins l'hétérogénéité des sentiments d'injustice et la variabilité des attitudes à l'égard des inégalités suggèrent plusieurs pistes interprétatives: y a-t-il une identité sociale ou politique chez les individus qui tendent à accepter ou rejeter les inégalités? Les positions sociales et les préférences politiques ont-elle une incidence sur la tolérance aux inégalités?

Just cause and gross misconduct constitute two major concepts that a regular employee usually associates with dismissal and, at the same time, with arbitrariness and abuse. This is not always so, given that the only possibility in Peru to dismiss an employee, at least in theory, is his dismissal for a just cause, that is, in accordance with the law. This article analyzes the treatment of these concepts regulated by Supreme Executive Order No. 003-97-TR, Consolidated Text of Legislative Executive Order No. 728 and the manner how the case law has gradually shaped and consolidated their scope, an evolution that has not, albeit, removed the idea of the arbitrary dismissal from the labor spectrum, has allowed us to understand it from two valuable perspectives: the improvement of the quality of the service that must be inherent to an employment contract or relationship and respect for the quality of the employee and the right to work. ; La causa justa y la falta grave constituyen dos grandes conceptos que un trabajador común suele asociar con el despido, y a este, a su vez, con la arbitrariedad y el abuso. No siempre es así, dado que la única posibilidad abierta en el Perú para despedir, por lo menos en teoría, digámoslo así, es el despido con causa justa, es decir, con total arreglo a ley. Este artículo analiza el tratamiento regulado por el Decreto Supremo n.º 003-97-TR, TUO del Decreto Legislativo n.º 728, y el modo como, jurisprudencialmente, se han ido precisando y consolidando los alcances de dichos institutos, evolución que ha permitido que si bien no se aleje del espectro laboral la idea del despido nocivo, por lo menos se puede entender desde dos ópticas valiosas de tratamiento: el mejoramiento de la calidad del servicio que debe ser inherente a una relación o contrato de trabajo y el respeto por la calidad del trabajador y el derecho al trabajo.

The objective: This article is devoted to surveying the evolution of basic doctrines and principles of contract law in Europe. The researcher considers law principles as being the fundamental ideas that can be implemented both in lawmaking and law realization and focus on a gradual change in ideas about the principles of contract law in Europe and the results of the unification and harmonization of the current views introduced in EU Directives and the Principles of European contract law. The methodology: The author considers the provisions of Principles of European Contract Law, Consolidated versions of the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union; some EU Directives -1985 Council Directive 85/374/EEC on the liability for defective products, 1993 Council Directive 93/13/EEC on unfair terms in consumer contracts, etc. The obtained results: The author concludes among other things that the authors of the Principles used the methods of comparative law and tried to take into account those provisions of national private law systems that were deserved to be applied in the EU and this initiative is being developed within the Framework Project of General Provisions [of European Private Law].

El debate sobre si la Revolución Cubana continúa, o no, es fácil de dirimir. La utopía propuesta por Fidel Castro, como todas, es inalcanzable; pero el camino hacia ella sí que es real, tangible, en tanto que programable y susceptible de ser impuesto. Continúa porque la Revolución es en sí misma un fin, es el medio para llegar a un objetivo y eso la hace incluso, paradójicamente, más importante que el telos que persigue. El camino, el medio, es la vivencia de la promesa inalcanzable. Como en la utopía del fascismo, el camino se eterniza y las herramientas, el culto a la acción, se convierte en lo más importante, aunque envuelto en una teorización vacua del mundo perfecto. Una de las herramientas que ha escogido la Revolución como camino hacia el paraíso es la militarización de la sociedad, un recurso fascista para normalizar al cuerpo social; se refleja en el matrimonio instituciones sociales y asociaciones estudiantiles dependientes del partido, amén de las milicias.