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Organizing the historical building blocks of administration into a contextual themes model -- The industrial era (1880s - 1950s) : development of organizations functions and employee relations administrative themes -- The civil rights era (1960s - 1970s) : development of open systems and social equity themes -- The transition to the 21st century era (1980 -- --) : development of client-oriented service theme and the eclectic perspective -- The application of the contextual theme concepts in law enforcement -- Connecting criminal justice administration : past to the present -- Applying organization functions concepts to the administration of contemporary criminal justice agencies -- Applying employee relations concepts to the administration of contemporary criminal justice agencies -- Applying open systems concepts to the administration of contemporary criminal justice agencies -- Applying social equity theme concepts to the administration of contemporary criminal justice agencies -- Applying client-oriented service to the administration of criminal justice agencies -- Criminal justice administration and diversity in the 21st century -- Criminal justice administration and professional ethics in the 21st century -- Criminal justice administration and leadership in the 21st century -- Criminal justice administration and cutting-edge issues in the 21st century

THIS ARTICLE EXPLORES THE PROPAGANDA ADVANTAGES THAT THE PROVISIONAL IRISH REPUBLICAN ARMY (PIRA) IS ABLE TO GENERATE FROM SOME OF THE BRITISH GOVERNMENT RESPONSES TO IT. LIKE ALL AUTHORITIES FACING A SUSTAINED TERRORIST PROBLEM, THE BRITISH GOVERNMENT HAS MADE CHANGES IN ITS LEGISLATION. THIS ARTICLE FOCUSES ON HOW THE PIRA IS ABLE TO USE THIS LEGISLATION TO ATTACH CREDIBILITY TO ITS CAUSE. TWO FURTHER AREAS OF BRITISH GOVERNMENT POLICY THAT THE PIRA IS ABLE TO EXPLOIT ARE ATTEMPTS TO CRIMINALIZE CONVICTED PIRA MEMBERS AND THE SYSTEM USED TO CONVICT THEM, AND THE USE OF THE RUC IN THE PRIMARY COUNTER-TERRORISM ROLE. THE FORMER POLICY LACKS WIDESPREAD COMMUNITY LEGITIMACY. THE LATTER REVEALS SEVERAL CONTRADICTIONS BETWEEN THE BRITISH CIVILIAN POLICE MODEL AND THE COUNTER-TERRORISM FUNCTION, ESPECIALLY IN THE AREAS OF COVERT INTELLIGENCE AND REACTING TO BREAKDOWNS IN PUBLIC ORDER.