"This book is the first collection of its kind exploring common law constitutional rights. It offers a detailed and comparative analysis of the content and role of individual common law constitutional rights in judicial decision-making; and a series of essays offering a range of perspectives on the constitutional significance and rights implications of this development. There is a developing body of legal reasoning in the United Kingdom Supreme Court that has championed common law constitutional rights. Indeed various members of the senior judiciary have asserted the primary role of common law constitutional rights and critiqued legal arguments based first and foremost on the Human Rights Act 1998. This shift in legal reasoning has created a sense amongst both scholars and the judiciary that something significant is happening here, and was recently described by Lady Hale as 'UK constitutionalism on the march'. This collection brings together leading constitutional scholars to analyse this significant development for the first time"--
In The Oxford Introductions to U.S. Law: Constitutional Law, Professors Michael C. Dorf and Trevor W. Morrison discuss the relationships between the branches of federal government, between the federal and state governments, and between the government and the individual. They describe American constitutional law as a mechanism for allocating decision-making authority - that is, for deciding who decides. They also discuss the extent to which judges and Justices may substitute their own constitutional judgment for that of elected officials.
In 1970 Belgium established three Communities: the French, Flemish and German-speaking Communities. It was then in 1980 that three regions were set up: Walloon, Flemish and Brussels. Further amendments to the Constitution were made on 7 and 15 July 1988, as well as a special law of 8 August 1988 amending the original law of 8 August 1980. It is essential to say that most of the changes and principles governing the organisation and functioning of both the three Communities and the three regions date back to 1970 and 1980. The international nature of the Community's role in 1970 is significant. In 1980, an Arbitration Court was provided for by the Constitution and established to settle conflicts between the laws and decrees of the Communities and the Regions. The Federal State is characterised by two features: autonomy and co-operation. In 1988, the Arbitration Court continued the work of constitutional justice and verifies the conformity of laws or decrees with the provisions of international law and in particular European law. ; En 1970 la Belgique a instauré trois Communautés : les Communautés française, flamande et germanophone. Puis c'est en 1980 que se sont mises en place trois Régions : wallonne, flamande et bruxelloise. De nouveaux amendements à la Constitution ont été faits le 7 et le 15 juillet 1988, ainsi qu'une loi spéciale du 8 août 1988 qui est venue modifier la loi originale du 8 août 1980. Il est indispensable de dire que l'essentiel des changements et des principes d'organisation et de fonctionnement des trois Communautés aussi bien que des trois Régions datent de 1970 et de 1980. Le caractère international du rôle que les Communautés ont joué en 1970 est significatif. En 1980, une Cour d'arbitrage a été prévue par la Constitution et créée afin de régler les conflits entre les lois et les décrets des Communautés et des Régions. L'Etat fédéral se caractérise par deux traits : l'autonomie et la co-opération. En 1988 la Cour d'arbitrage poursuit l'oeuvre de justice constitutionnelle et vérifie la ...
Law No. 30 of 2014 on Government Administration (Government Administration Law) has set the scope of discretion in Indonesian legal system. But the form of discretion is limited in scope government decision (KTUN) and factual actions of the government. The restriction implicates circulars or others policy rule is not a form of discretion. In addition, the provisions concerning the terms of use discretion, procedures and legal effect of discretion in the Government Administration Law are not applicable to the use of policy rule. In fact, the substance of discretion in policy rule (e.g. circulars and instructions) has the potential of conflicting laws and regulations and/or General Principles of Good Administration. The legal issues in this study are the constitutionality of the scope of discretion in Article 1 point 9 and Article 23 paragraph (1) of the Government Administration Law. This analysis showed that limits the scope of discretion in Government Administration Law contrary to formal elements, substantive, and control mechanisms within the rule of law. This analysis also suggests the expansion of the scope of discretion in the Government Administration Law and setting policy rules as the object of the petition for judicial review so that there is a control mechanism by trial to discretion in the form of policy rule.
Eavesdropping is a means by which to achieve the detection of offenses and criminal offenses. It does not constitute a legal test as evidence not included in the legislation, but the tools to search for evidence. Such as tapping should be used when it detects these offenses which by their type is very difficult to detect. Of course, this means test does not need to reach the violation of fundamental constitutional rights in Albania since otherwise the test tool will become a mechanism for pressure and fear that people will unhappily booty of this tool. DOI:10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n9p434
In the common law world, Albert Venn Dicey (1835-1922) is known as the high priest of orthodox constitutional theory, as an ideological and nationalistic positivist. In his analytical coldness, his celebration of sovereign power, and his incessant drive to organize and codify legal rules separate from moral values or political realities, Dicey is an uncanny figure. This book challenges this received view of Dicey. Through a re-examination of his life and his 1885 book Law of the Constitution, the high priest Dicey is defrocked and a more human Dicey steps forward to offer alternative ways of reading his canonical text, who struggled to appreciate law as a form of reasoned discourse that integrates values of legality and authority through methods of ordinary legal interpretation. The result is a unique common law constitutional discourse through which assertions of sovereign power are conditioned by moral aspirations associated with the rule of law.
In the common law world, Albert Venn Dicey (1835-1922) is known as the high priest of orthodox constitutional theory, as an ideological and nationalistic positivist. In his analytical coldness, his celebration of sovereign power, and his incessant drive to organize and codify legal rules separate from moral values or political realities, Dicey is an uncanny figure. This book challenges this received view of Dicey. Through a re-examination of his life and his 1885 book Law of the Constitution, the high priest Dicey is defrocked and a more human Dicey steps forward to offer alternative ways of reading his canonical text, who struggled to appreciate law as a form of reasoned discourse that integrates values of legality and authority through methods of ordinary legal interpretation. The result is a unique common law constitutional discourse through which assertions of sovereign power are conditioned by moral aspirations associated with the rule of law.
The article proposes: to group the approach that is common in the classification of state functions (depending on the sphere of social life into political, economic, etc.) with the social functions of the branch; to group the actual legal functions of the branch to adapt one of the approaches proposed by experts in the theory of state and law to classify the functions of law. An appeal to popular Ukrainian textbooks on the theory of state and law allows to summarize: analyzing the functions of law, scientists distinguish between protective and regulatoryfunctions (including regulatory static and regulatory dynamic). In general, almost none of the specialists -authors of educational and methodical publications in this discipline does not ignore the classification of the functions of the right to regulatory and security. Sometimes the authors detail this classification, sometimes they integrate it into the author's systems of legal functions. But it is unlikely that there is now a publication that covers theoretical issues related to the grouping of legal functions, and does not mention the regulatory and protective functions. Based on this, it is hardly appropriate not to apply this classification when grouping the functions of the field of constitutional law. One of the classifications of legal functions, which should be borrowed to group the functions of the constitutional law of Ukraine, is the classification of legal functions depending on their special legal nature into regulatory and protective. Given that this classification reflects the functions inherent in law in general, it is clear that they are also inherent in the field of constitutional law of Ukraine. Therefore, it is advisable to recommend not just to apply this classification when distinguishing the functions of the branch of constitutional law, but to refer to it as a potential element of a complex classification of functions of the branch of constitutional law of Ukraine. The analyzed classification will indicate the kind of special legal characteristics of a function inherent in the branch of constitutional law. Thus, its classification should be combined with one or more classifications of a less general nature, which will reveal the features inherent in the functions of the branch of constitutional law. ; У статті запропоновано: для угруповання соціальних функцій галузі адаптувати підхід, що є поширеним при класифікації функцій держави (залежно від сфери соціального життя на політичні, економічні тощо); для угрупування власне юридичних функцій галузі адаптувати один із підходів, який пропонується фахівцями з теорії держави і права для класифікації функцій права. Звернення до популярних українських підручників із теорії держави та права дозволяє резюмувати: аналізуючи функції права, вчені виділяють охоронну та регулятивну функції (у т. ч. регулятивну статичну та регулятивну динамічну). Загалом майже жоден із фахівців - авторів навчально-методичних видань із цієї дисципліни не оминає увагу класифікацію функцій права на регулятивну й охоронну. Інколи автори деталізують цю класифікацію, інколи інтегрують її в авторські системи функцій права. Але навряд чи зараз є видання, у якому висвітлюються теоретичні питання, пов'язані з угрупуванням функцій права та не згадувалося б про регулятивну й охоронну функції. Виходячи з цього, навряд чи доцільно не застосовувати цю класифікацію при угрупуванні функцій галузі конституційного права. Одною з класифікацій функцій права, яку доцільно запозичити для угрупування функцій галузі конституційного права України, є класифікація функцій права залежно від їх спеціально-юридичного характеру на регулятивну й охоронну. Враховуючи, що ця класифікація відображає функції, притаманні праву загалом, зрозуміло, що вони притаманні також і галузі конституційного права України. А тому доцільно рекомендувати не просто застосувати цю класифікацію при виокремленні функцій галузі конституційного права, а й звернутися до неї як до потенціального елементу складної класифікації функцій галузі конституційного права України. Аналізована класифікація вказуватиме на різновид спеціально-юридичної характеристики тієї чи іншої функції, притаманної галузі конституційного права. Отже, її класифікацію доцільно поєднати з однією чи кількома класифікаціями менш загального характеру, які будуть розкривати особливості, притаманні функціям саме галузі конституційного права.
The taxonomies of an anti-Jewish legal order -- The secretaries-general : passive collaboration, Belgian law and the Jews, 1940-45 -- The fragility of law: anti-Jewish decrees and Belgian legal elites -- Aryanization, legalized theft and Belgian law -- Belgian municipalities and the introduction of anti-Jewish decrees -- Brussels : passive collaboration and the Jews of the capital -- Communicating, informing, and deciding : the city of Brussels and passive collaboration 1941-44 -- Lioge and its Jews: Hebrew and Polish stores, June 1940 -- Hirsch & co : a case study of Aryanization in Belgium -- Belgian lawyers, Belgian judges, Jewish cases -- Constitutional patriotism and the fragility of law.