Suchergebnisse

В статье предложено обоснование конституционализма как философско-правовой категории в соответствии с методологией мировоззренческо-правового плюрализма, на основе сочетания позитивизма и естественного права. Одним из основных атрибутивных признаков современного конституционализма является конституционное правосудие. Конституционный Суд России выступает не только хранителем, но и преобразователем Конституции, важным фактором развития всей системы российского конституционализма. На этой основе анализируются основные направления формирования судебного («живого») конституционализма как качественно нового политико-правового режима судебной защиты Конституции России и обеспечения верховенства права, выявляется нормативно-доктринальное значение решений Конституционного Суда Российской Федерации. ; In accordance with the methodology of world outlook and legal pluralism, based on a combination of positivism and natural law, the article is devoted to the constitutionalism as a legal and philosophical category. One of the main attribute features of modern constitutionalism is constitutional justice. In this way Constitutional Court appears to be not only the keeper and interpreter but also as a reformer of the Constitution and the important factor of the whole system of the Russian consitutionalism development. On this basis analyzed the main directionsof the judicial «live» constitutionalism development as a new in quality political and legal regime of judicial protection of the Constitution, rule of lawandrevealedthenormative-doctrinal value of the Constitutional Court decisions. Keywords: the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, constitutional justice, constitutionalsm, positivism, natural law, judicial constitutionalism.

В статье исследуются проблемы определения сущности рецепции в конституционном праве как правового феномена, на основании общетеоретического анализа и синтеза эволюции отечественной и зарубежной научной мысли. ; The article investigates the problem of determining the nature of the reception in constitutional law as a legal phenomenon, based on the general theoretical analysis and synthesis of the evolution of domestic and foreign scientific thought Study author concludes that the reception should be seen as a phenomenon on the one hand, and the other as a process and focuses on the fact that "borrowing", "adaptation", "perception", "continuity" and "harmonization", "implementation", "transformation" are separate parts of a whole, because the recipient country is not enough to just technically transfer rules donor country's own legal system, it is necessary that they «worked» thus actually adjusting certain range of public relations. In addition to the analysis and synthesis of domestic and foreign legal thought, the author offers a reception regarded in several ways: first, as the perception of the right of a State regulations (regulations) previously existing states. Second, as a technical decision-relevant public authorities law, which textually repeat rules of international instruments thereby contributing to the fulfillment of international commitments. Third, as an imposition (forcing) the adoption of the law of one state to another as a result of some political pressure. Fourth, during the reception, you can also understand voluntary borrowing law of a State if probilnosti certain range of legal regulation of social relations. The author notes that the science of constitutional law today laid an important role in the study of constitutional and legal reception of foreign (including European) law and studying the problems associated with the corresponding reception not only the law but also specific legal principles and institutions belonging the European civilization tradition, another type of normatively, specific results and their introduction into the national political and legal and constitutional-legal reality. It is a constitutional right as a leading sector of the national legal system contains provisions that are basic to all other areas of law and establishes the basic principles of regulation of social relations. It is proposed to conduct effective constitutional and legal modernization focused on European legal traditions identify the main priorities of this process: 1) should contribute to the promotion of democratic constitutional development of standards and effective implementation of the provisions of the Constitution; 2) harmonize the profile constitutional legislation in accordance with ratified legal acts that have become part of internal national law; 3) to the unification of normative legal acts in order to avoid duplication of regulatory control; 4) to conduct anti-corruption expertise of legal acts; 5) define the organization of public administration with a focus on decentralization, which adhere to the rule of law and capable of ensuring the constitutional order in the country; 6) to reform the electoral law to ensure the most democratic way of formation of representative bodies of state and local governments; 7) Ensure quality updated model of local government based on the principles of subsidiary; 8) delimit jurisdiction between state authorities and local governments; 9) ensure that the reform of territorial organization; 10) settle legal grounds and procedure for constitutional and legal liability for abuse of authority (or officials) state and local authorities of their powers; 11) ensure the right of citizens of Ukraine to participate in all forms of direct democracy and consider introducing e-democracy; 12) settle legal order of a local referendum as the main form of municipal democracy. This list is not exhaustive, so the need for further scientific study and theoretical formation standardized quality updated doctrine. In summary, there is the need for a scientific study of the general concept reception European standards in state-constitutional legislation national Ukraine, development of implementation mechanisms, consistent implementation in practice of constitutional and legal construction due to theoretical and practical significance of this problem at the present stage of our country

Abstract
The model of the Austrian Constitutional Court, with its Kelsenian origins, has been influential in the Cypriot constitutional context in a variety of intertwined and changing ways. The initial constitutional design followed the centralized and concentrated constitutional review by the Supreme Constitutional Court. The collapse of the bi-communal structure of the Cypriot system resulted in the application of the law of necessity and the establishment of a new Supreme Court with a simultaneous decentralization of constitutional review. At the time of writing a new reform initiative is underway, and the discussion about the Austrian model and Kelsen is revived. The continuous and varied influence from the Austrian prototype and interestingly the Kelsenian logic is assessed while recognizing the delicate idiosyncrasies of the Cypriot setting. The argument is that at neither stage the Austrian model was purely applied in Cyprus and the systemic adjustments were the result of improvisation rather than model adherence. This paper highlights the inconsistencies in the understanding of the Austrian model and explains the 'modelling vertigo'.

Constitutional changes are part of the political and legal dynamics of a country. Changes to the constitution aim to meet the legal demands and needs of the community so that they are clearly and firmly regulated in the constitution. This paper is oriented towards the idea of a formal review of constitutional changes in Indonesia. This research is a normative legal research. The approach used in this research is a conceptual approach, a comparative approach, and a statutory approach. The primary legal materials in this study include the text of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, constitutional texts in various countries and the Constitutional Court Decision No. 91/PUU-XVIII/2020. Secondary legal materials include: books, journal articles, and websites related to the constitution and constitutional law. Non-legal materials include legal dictionaries. The results of the study indicate that a formal review of constitutional changes is needed as an effort to maintain the supremacy of the constitution, including also placing the court's function as guardians of the law and the constitution in dealing with the determination of non-legal aspects in constitutional changes

Prologue : the drama of liberal legalism -- The idea of political liberalism -- Kant and the will theory -- The rise of classical private law -- The socialization of private law -- The politicization of private law -- Epilogue : the migration to constitutional law.

International Law — Relation to Municipal Law — Requirement of Constitutional Approval of Treaties — The Law of Belgium.Treaties — Operation and Enforcement of — Governmental Agreement on Subject Constitutionally Requiring Assent of Parliament — Lack of Municipal Effect — The Law of Belgium.

The book is part of the 5-volume series "German Social Policy", a unique multidisciplinary approach to the history of German social policy written by the doyens of their respective disciplines. The volumes expound the contribution of the German tradition to the rise of social policy in the Western world in the 19th and 20th centuries. Germany pioneered modern social policy in the 19th century when Bismarck introduced social insurance. After the Second World War, Germany's Social Market Economy became a model of social integration. The volumes cover the history of ideas (volume 1), the legal and political history before and after 1945 (volumes 2 and 3), the German Democratic Republic (1949-1990) and the impact of German reunification (1990) (volume 4). Volume 5 embeds the German case in a major comparative study of European welfare states, complemented by a study of the USA and the Soviet Union. The volumes also yield insights into general theoretical issues of social policy beyond the empirical case of Germany. Each volume has an introduction by the editor who summarizes the contribution made by the volumes and looks into the future of German social policy.This book investigates the history of the post-war welfare state in Germany and its normative foundations, with special emphasis on constitutional issues. The author, formerly Director of the Max-Planck-Institute for Foreign and International Social Law, Munich, and President of the Max-Planck-Society, argues that social policy - not only in Germany - is about struggles over the "social". The "social" is an open and changing concept that reflects the modern quest for equality, voiced in semantics like justice, participation, inclusion and security. The "social" and the "social state" (the German term for welfare state) are enshrined in the German Constitution of 1949, the Grundgesetz. The book sets out the phases of welfare state development in depth. Social policies are analysed in view of wider contexts, especially the nation state, the rule of law (Rechtsstaat), federalism and democracy. The author emphasizes the dialectics between the national character of the welfare state and its manifold international references.

"These Special Lectures, Canada at 150: The Charter and the Constitution, mark a return to a discussion of our Constitution, which is particularly apt in this anniversary year. Constitutional law was the subject of Special Lectures in 1978 and 2000 (in conjunction with administrative law), and a fresh look at this important topic is timely. This year's program brought together national and international experts to share ideas and perspectives on a range of issues in which the law has developed quite dramatically, even since 2000. Topics included developments in Indigenous and criminal law, privacy, human rights, and employment law, as well as commentary on constitutional cases that helped to shape Canada as a nation."--

This article deals with the judicial protection of fundamental rights when EU Law is applied at national level and the main problems national judges have to deal with when applying EU Law as protectors of rights. More precisely, the work is focused on the examination of some recent and decisive judicial decisions, both by the European Court of Justice and by the Spanish Constitutional Court which analyze the problems and address the solutions to those questions besides showing the evolution and current situation in that regard. They are decisions that deal with the merits as for example to which extent it might be possible to use national standards of protection of fundamental rights in situations connected to EU Law or to its application instead of using the system of protection of EU human rights. Likewise, they are decisions which handle with more procedural questions as for example to what extent national judges are autonomous to file a preliminary question (it is understood that when it comes time to protect rights acknowledged by the EU) relative to national procedural rules. ; Este artículo es un estudio relativo a la tutela judicial de los Derechos Fundamentales cuando se aplica Derecho de la Unión en el ámbito interno, y a cuáles son los principales problemas con los que se topa el Juez nacional que aplica el Derecho de la Unión al llevar a cabo dicha función protectora. El trabajo, dicho de forma más concreta, se centra en el examen de una serie de recientes y decisivas resoluciones jurisdiccionales, dictadas tanto por parte del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea como por parte del Tribunal Constitucional Español, que analizan problemas y señalan soluciones relativas a esas cuestiones, además de mostrar cuál es la evolución y el estado de la situación al respecto. Se trata de resoluciones que abordan cuestiones de fondo, como, por ejemplo: ¿hasta qué punto es posible utilizar estándares nacionales de protección de los Derechos Fundamentales en situaciones conectadas con el Derecho de la Unión o con su aplicación, en lugar de utilizar el sistema de protección de los Derechos Fundamentales de la Unión Europea? Y asimismo, resoluciones que atienden a cuestiones de dimensión más procesal como la de dirimir hasta qué punto tiene autonomía el Juez nacional a la hora de plantear una petición prejudicial (se entiende a la hora de tutelar derechos reconocidos por normas de la Unión) en relación a las normas procesales nacionales.This article deals with the judicial protection of fundamental rights when EU Law is applied at national level and the main problems national judges have to deal with when applying EU Law as protectors of rights. More precisely, the work is focused on the examination of some recent and decisive judicial decisions, both by the European Court of Justice and by the Spanish Constitutional Court which analyze the problems and address the solutions to those questions besides showing the evolution and current situation in that regard. They are decisions that deal with the merits as for example to which extent it might be possible to use national standards of protection of fundamental rights in situations connected to EU Law or to its application instead of using the system of protection of EU human rights. Likewise, they are decisions which handle with more procedural questions as for example to what extent national judges are autonomous to file a preliminary question (it is understood that when it comes time to protect rights acknowledged by the EU) relative to national procedural rules.

AbstractThe Supreme Court's recent invocation of the "constitutional architecture" in theSenate Reform Referencehas led a number of scholars to question the status of constitutional conventions in the legal, as opposed to political, constitution. Has the Court, without expressly saying so, transformed at least some conventions into constitutional law? This would be a serious rupture, not only from existing precedent on the justiciability of conventions but also from the traditional understanding of conventions as binding political rules. In light of this recent scholarly debate, an exploration of the profound consequences of entrenching conventions in the legal constitution is warranted, as it implicates the meaning of constitutional conventions, their creation, their relation to law, and their enforcement. Judicial entrenchment of conventions would be a dangerous violation of the separation of powers and would have negative consequences for the functioning of Canada's system of government and for the future of constitutional change.

The article assesses the creation and subsequent evolution of systems of constitutional justice in West Europe, in light of delegation theory. The author argues that constitutional judges are better conceptualised as trustees, exercising fiduciary responsibilities, than as agents, who operate in the shadow of principals. The zone of discretion that organises the activities of constitutional courts is unusually large, in some contexts close to unlimited. The author then surveys why, and to what extent, constitutional adjudication has transformed the nature of parliamentary governance, focusing on the cases of France, Germany, Italy, and Spain. Notwithstanding important variation, certain trends are both pan-European and irreversible: traditional separation of powers doctrines are steadily eroding; legislators and administrators are being placed under the authority of an expansive, continuously evolving constitutional law; and the judiciary's participation in law making processes is becoming more overt and assertive. (West European Politics / FUB)

В статье анализируется правовое регулирование деятельности полиции по обеспечению правопорядка и конституционных прав граждан, особое внимание уделено обеспечению права граждан на публичные манифестации. Предлагаются меры по совершенствованию законодательства и оптимизации деятельности органов внутренних дел в направлении эффективной реализации функций по обеспечению правопорядка и конституционных прав граждан. ; Examines the legal regulation of policing, law enforcement and constitutional rights of citizens, special attention is paid to ensuring the right of citizens to public demonstrations. Proposed measures to improve legislation and streamlining the activities of internal Affairs bodies in the direction of the effective implementation of the functions of law enforcement and constitutional rights of citizens.

By examining the intersection of Islamic law, state law, religion, and culture in the Egyptian nation-building process, Recasting Islamic Law highlights how the sharia, when attached to constitutional commitments, is reshaped into modern Islamic state law. Rachel M. Scott analyzes the complex effects of constitutional commitments to the sharia in the wake of the Egyptian Revolution of 2011. She argues that the sharia is not dismantled by the modern state when it is applied as modern Islamic state law, but rather recast in its service. In showing the particular forms that the sharia takes when it is applied as modern Islamic state law, Scott pushes back against assumptions that introductions of the sharia into modern state law result in either the revival of medieval Islam or in its complete transformation. Scott engages with premodern law and with the Ottoman legal legacy on topics concerning Egypt's Coptic community, women's rights, personal status law, and the relationship between religious scholars and the Supreme Constitutional Court. Recasting Islamic Law considers modern Islamic state law's discontinuities and its continuities with premodern sharia. Thanks to generous funding from Virginia Tech and its participation in TOME (Toward an Open Monograph Ecosystem), the ebook editions of this book are available as Open Access volumes from Cornell Open (cornellpress.cornell.edu/cornell-open) and other repositories.

УДК 340.132The state of law enforcement in modern Russia is analyzed in the article on the basis of judicial statistics. The author gives a critical assessment of the most important decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation handed down in 2015-2016 years in var-ious spheres of legal reality:– local self-government;– the formation of the foundationd capital repairs of condominium houses;– pensions provision of ex-militaries;– legislative regulation of property valuation activity;– problem of execution of court decisions.The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation many times violated the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Since the Constitutional Court has recognized the legal abolition of elections of mayors in cities and towns. Constitutional Court recognized a legal collection taxes from citizens for capital repairs of condominium houses of others. Very often in the Russian law enforcement the Constitutional Court adopts a politically motivated decision, although such decisions are strictly prohibited by law. Unfortunately, the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation not adequately protect the rights of Russian citizens and organizations.The author comes to the conclusion of a big crisis of law enforcement caused of legal nihilism, rooted among the enforcers, is made in the article. Analyzing the examples of judicial practice author propose any ways out of crisis law enforcement. ; УДК 340.132В статье на основе материалов судебной статистики анализируется состояние правоприменения в России. Автором дана критическая оценка наиболее значимым постановлениям Конституционного Суда РФ, вынесенным в 2015–2016 гг. в различных сферах правовой действительности: местном самоуправлении, формировании и использовании фонда капитального ремонта многоквартирных домов, пенсионном обеспечении бывших военнослужащих, применении законодательства об оценочной деятельности, проблемах исполнения судебных актов. Сделан вывод о правовом нигилизме, укоренившемся среди правоприменителей, и внесены предложения по исправлению ситуации.