Suchergebnisse

Os avanços tecnológicos possibilitam o acesso e compartilhamento rápido de dados e informações pessoais, o que demanda maior segurança e exigência de atitudes conscientes dos diversos profissionais que lidam com essas questões. Os profissionais de contabilidade se destacam neste universo por serem responsáveis por dados de clientes, fornecedores e colaboradores. O cenário de insegurança informacional levou à criação da LGPD, legislação específica para o tratamento de dados pessoais. Motivada por esse contexto, a presente pesquisa objetivou analisar os determinantes para conformidade da LGPD junto aos profissionais de contabilidade. Para alcançar tal propósito foi realizado um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e de levantamento. Na coleta dos dados desenvolveu-se e aplicou-se um questionário on-line com profissionais de contabilidade. A amostra final pesquisada totalizou 194 respondentes. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio da Modelagem de Equações Estruturais. O modelo validado apresentou as dimensões de comportamentos e atitudes pessoais e os mecanismos de governança como determinantes, explicando 26,3% da conformidade com a LGPD. Esta pesquisa contribui para a compreensão de aspectos comportamentais dos profissionais da contabilidade frente à nova legislação, é uma abordagem inédita e supre uma lacuna na área contábil, apresentando contribuições úteis para instituições de ensino, órgãos de classe e empresas da área. ; Technological advances make it possible to quickly access and share personal data and information, which demands greater security and requires conscious attitudes from the different professionals who deal with these issues. Accounting professionals stand out in this universe for being responsible for customer, supplier, and employee data. The information insecurity scenario led to the creation of the General Data Protection Law (GDPL), a specific legislation for personal data handling. Driven by this context, this research aimed to analyze the GDPL compliance determinants among accounting professionals. In order to achieve this purpose, we conducted a quantitative, descriptive, survey study. For data collection, we developed and applied an online questionnaire addressed to accounting professionals. The final surveyed sample totaled 194 respondents. We performed the data analysis through Structural Equation Modeling. The validated model showed the dimensions of personal behaviors and attitudes and governance mechanisms as determinants, explaining 26.3% of GDPL compliance. This research contributes to the understanding of behavioral aspects of accounting professionals in face of the new legislation. It is an unprecedented approach and fills a gap in the accounting area, presenting useful contributions for educational institutions, class associations, and companies in the area.

DOI:10.1590/2179-8966/2020/46944ResumoEste artigo objetiva, em geral, caracterizar o regime jurídico da Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados sob os conceitos apresentados pelo capitalismo de vigilância, tendo como objetivos específicos: (I) descrever a economia política da vigilância e o papel do titular de dados/ usuário de serviços digitais e (II) identificar a inserção da LGPD no contexto da exploração econômica dos dados pessoais por meio do instrumento do consentimento do titular. Resultados: (I) A LGPD pode ser considerada um suporte jurídico para a acumulação capitalista na era informacional, possibilitando a condição de um titular de direitos relativos aos dados que pode negociar os seus dados com as empresas capazes de lidar com o contexto do Big Data e extrair desses dados comportamentos a serem vendidos em um mercado de dados que vende previsões de consumo e de vida cotidiana; (II) O grande mecanismo econômico identificado com a exploração é a extração de mais-valia comportamental, que é o processo que extrai das experiências da vida cotidiana dos usuários dados relevantes que são transformados em mercadoria; (III) Da mesma forma que o trabalhador assalariado do capitalismo é aquele que tem parte de sua produção extraída como mais-valor pelo capitalista, na era digital, os usuários conectados ao serem considerados titulares de dados tem sua vida cotidiana transformada em dados rentáveis, expandindo os limites da acumulação capitalista. O método de procedimento utilizado é o dialético-materialista, com abordagem qualitativa e técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica com revisão da literatura em um estudo exploratório.Palavras-chave: Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados; Capitalismo de vigilância; Mais-valia comportamental. AbstractThis article aims, in general, to characterize the legal regime of the General Data Protection Act (LGPD) under the concepts presented by surveillance capitalism, having as specific objectives: (I) describe the political economy of surveillance and the role of the data owner / user of digital services and (II) identify the insertion of LGPD in the context of the economic exploitation of personal data through the instrument of consent of the holder. Results: (I) LGPD can be considered a legal support for capitalist accumulation in the information age, enabling the condition of a data rights holder who can negotiate his data with companies capable of dealing with the Big Data context and extract from these data behaviors to be sold in a data market that sells forecasts of consumption and daily life; (II) The great economic mechanism identified with exploitation is the extraction of behavioral surplus value, which is the process that extracts relevant data from the users' daily life experiences that are transformed into merchandise; (III) In the same way that capitalist salaried workers are those who have part of their production extracted as more-value by the capitalist, in the digital age, users connected to being considered data holders have their daily lives transformed into profitable data, expanding the limits of capitalist accumulation. The method of procedure used is the dialectical-materialist, with a qualitative and technical approach of bibliographic research with literature review.Keywords: General Data Protection Act; Surveillance capitalism; Behavioral added value.

Status of religious communities -- Constitutional guarantees: a historical overview -- Legal registration of religious communities -- State support for Islamic religious communities -- Muslims in integration laws -- Mosques and prayer houses -- Burial and cemeteries -- Education and schools -- Compulsory education -- Religious education -- Independent schools -- Further and higher (tertiary) education -- Islamic religious education training at universities -- Islamic chaplaincy in public institutions -- Employment, social laws and discrimination -- Religious holidays -- Islamic slaughter and food regulations -- Islamic goods and services -- Islamic dress -- Criminal law -- Male circumcision -- Female genital mutilation -- Forced marriages -- Family law -- Private international law -- Marriage and divorces -- Spouses' matrimonial property rights -- Inheritance law -- Substantive family law -- Marriage -- Divorce -- Spouses' matrimonial property rights -- Inheritance law -- Children -- General considerations -- Islamic custody and fostering in Swedish law -- Bibliography

Discusses the judgement of General Augusto Pinochet and the jurisdiction of Spain over crimes of genocide, terrorism, and torture committed in Argentina and Chile in relation to questions of state sovereignty and diplomatic immunity under international law.

This article is generically dedicated to the legal effects of the acts practiced by young people, both minors and those of legal age, under the influence of drugs. In Part I, our attention is called to the legal-civil consequences of these acts. Thus, we shall begin with a brief preliminary note on the concept of civil law. Having noted this, we will examine the main topic to speak of the legally existing mechanisms (within the scope of civil law) to protect those people, and for this purpose, we distinguish between minors and adults (or equated to adults, which is the case of minors who are emancipated by marriage): the minor regime, in the first case, and possibly, the regime of incapacitation (an incapacity that is not generic and permanent), or even accidental incapacity (not permanent or transitory), caused by the consumption of alcohol or drugs, in the case of adulthood (or equated with adulthood). In the second part, initially, we give a general presentation of criminal law, with this part divided into two large sections: the sale and consumption of narcotics and the legal treatment given to minors. From a general standpoint, when an analysis of the agent's guilt cannot be made, the law considers him to be unimputable. From an internal standpoint, we shall analyze the most relevant legal aspects of the Decree-Law referring to traffic and to drugs. One particular aspect of this regime lies in the fact that in Macau, drug consumption is considered to be a crime (article 28), unlike in European countries, like Portugal, since 2000. We shall also take into account other legislation in Macau in which drugs play a crucial role, as is the case of the misdemeanor established in article 68 of the Highway Code, which consists, among other items, in driving under the influence of alcohol or narcotics (note that this Code was recently altered by the Highway Traffic Law, which entered into effect in October 2007). Next, we will analyze the regime applied to minors from a concrete perspective of criminal law. ; Este ...

The extraterritorial scope of European Union's (EU) data protection law has been a controversial issue since the adoption of Directive 95/46/EC. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) partially restructures the terms of the extraterritorial reach of EU data protection law and introduces new elements to an old debate. This contribution seeks to address one of those elements, concerning a linguistic ambivalence found in Article 3 (2) of the GDPR, and stress the practical consequences that emerge from this conundrum. ; O âmbito de aplicação extraterritorial do regime de proteção de dados pessoais da União Europeia (UE) é um tema controverso desde a adoção da Diretiva 95/46/EC. O Regulamento Geral de Proteção de Dados (RGPD) altera parcialmente aquele âmbito e introduzlhe novos elementos. Este texto procura abordar um desses elementos, relacionado com a divergência em torno do artigo 3.º, n.º 2 do RGPD e enfatizar as consequências práticas do enigma criado pela mesma.

this article deals with the divergence in the extension of the application of the Forest Code (CFlo) to the Atlantic Forest biome, especially in the consolidated, urban and rural areas, which had fluctuating understandings in the Federal Attorney General (AGU) and within the Ministry of the Environment Environment (MMA), generating judicialization, including in the STF. Several issues were analyzed for this, such as the raison d'être of Chapter XIII of the CFlo, possible insufficient protection or environmental setback in that application, the forecast of the Atlantic Forest as national heritage, the practical consequences of the non-application thesis, the false antinomy between Chapter XIII of the CFlo (consolidated use area) and the Atlantic Forest Law (LMA), as legislators and administrators interpreted the issue, the contradictory argumentative behavior of some actors and the CFlo's complementarity with the LMA, with no need to talk about specialty. The methodology used was bibliographic, documentary and jurisprudential research and the results demonstrate that the application of the CFlo is compatible with the Atlantic Forest Law, with no unconstitutionality, illegality or any problem in terms of general theory of law. ; O presente artigo trata da divergência na extensão da aplicação do Código Florestal (CFlo) ao bioma Mata Atlântica, especialmente das áreas consolidadas, urbanas e rurais, que teve entendimentos oscilantes na Advocacia-Geral da União (AGU) e no âmbito do Ministério do Meio Ambiente (MMA), gerando judicialização, inclusive no STF. Analisou-se diversas questões para tanto, como a razão de ser do Capítulo XIII do CFlo, eventual proteção insuficiente ou retrocesso ambiental nessa aplicação, a previsão da Mata Atlântica como patrimônio nacional, as consequências práticas da tese da não aplicação, a falsa antinomia entre o Capítulo XIII do CFlo (área de uso consolidado) e a Lei da Mata Atlântica (LMA), como os legisladores e administradores interpretaram a questão, o comportamento argumentativo contraditório de alguns atores e a complementariedade do CFlo à LMA, não havendo que se falar em especialidade. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e jurisprudencial e os resultados demonstram que a aplicação do CFlo é compatível com a Lei da Mata Atlântica, não havendo inconstitucionalidade, ilegalidade ou qualquer problema em termos de teoria geral do direito.

This article contains an overview of how the study of human rights issues has developed into a separate multidisciplinary field of academic study & education in Sweden. Its relationship to the different fields of political science is outlined, as well as general problems of a multidisciplinary subject. Three contributions to an edited volume containing Swedish & foreign scholarship on human rights issues drawn from the Swedish Forum for Human Rights, a biannual gathering of practitioners & scholars, are discussed. Those contributions deal with the tensions between universalist & relativist approaches to the character of human rights, the tensions between the development of international law & power relations in international politics, & tensions between group rights & individual rights. 25 References. Adapted from the source document.

Este estudo tem por objeto demonstrar a ilegitimidade jurídica da interferência do Poder Judiciário na capacidade de tomada de decisão e execução de políticas públicas de combate à Covid-19 pela Administração Pública. A metodologia consiste na análise da doutrina jurídica e jurisprudencial relacionadas ao tema, utilizando-se os métodos bibliográfico e documental, com ênfase nas fontes de estudo do Direito Constitucional e Teoria Geral do Direito. Nessa senda, o problema a ser respondido é se o atual processo de aplicação do Direito pelo Poder Judiciário em relação às políticas públicas da Administração Pública de combate à Covid-19 pode ser considerado conflitante com o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. Conclui-se, assim, que os danos causados pela troca de papéis constitucionais causam a paralisia do Estado e ferem, normativamente, os princípios constitucionais, quais sejam: o princípio republicano, do Estado Democrático de Direito, e da separação de poderes. ; This study aims to demonstrate the legal illegitimacy of the interference of the Judiciary in the capacity of decision-making and execution of public policies to combat Covid-19 by the Public Administration. The methodology consists of the analysis of legal and jurisprudential doctrine related to the theme, using bibliographic and documentary methods, with emphasis on the sources of study of Constitutional Law and General Theory of Law. In this sense, the problem to be answered is whether the current process of application of the Law by the Judiciary in relation to public policies of the Public Administration to combat Covid-19 can be considered in conflict with the Brazilian legal system. It is concluded, therefore, that the damage caused by the exchange of constitutional roles causes paralysis of the State and, normatively, violates the constitutional principles of the Republic, the Democratic State of Law and the separation of powers.

The admissibility of colour registration per se has been discussed at great length. In opposition to this possibility, the valuation of the general interest in not unduly restricting the availability of colours for other operators in the market («depletion theory»), has been invoked, among other things. Nevertheless, in the current state of Community law the answer to this possibility seems to be affirmative, after the requirements of trade mark registration have been met. In this study we focused briefly on the main issues that arise in this area, in light of the Court of Justice of the European Union case law. ; A admissibilidade do registo como marca da cor per se tem sido muito discutida. Contra tal possibilidade tem sido invocada, entre outros motivos, a valoração do interesse geral em não se restringir indevidamente a disponibilidade das cores para os restantes operadores no mercado («depletion theory»). Não obstante, no atual estádio da legislação comunitária a resposta parece ser afirmativa, preenchidos os requisitos de que depende o registo como marca. Neste estudo debruçamo-nos, brevemente, sobre as principais questões que se colocam neste domínio, tendo como pano de fundo a jurisprudência do Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia.

The article discusses the production of identities, differences & power relations in mental health institutions. The study focuses on the new constitution of public policies, which involve the activities that mental health workers in contact with people who look for this health services. The main purpose of these public policies is that assistant nurses in general become workers in mental health services. The work is based on the concepts of identities & difference derived from the field of Cultural Studies & from a Foucaultian approach. The analysis is constructed upon interviews with assistants nurses, men & women who work in a psychiatric hospital in the public service in the city of Porto Alegre. Also, the law 9716 of 1992 that deals with psychiatric reform in mental health work helps the discussion of the problem.

Neste artigo, apresentamos algumas reflexões sobre o modo pelo qual, no contexto do processo de democratização do país, através da politização de suas lutas e práticas de juridicização coletiva dos conflitos, os movimentos de invasão de solos urbanos passaram a vivenciar as formas que se dão os critérios de legitimidade e de legalidade que especificam o direito de propriedade na legislação brasileira.

This paper analyzes the opportunities for greater participation of Brazilian police officers in United Nations peace operations, offering recommendations for facilitating such contributions and maximizing their impact with a view to Brazil's international profile. Following a presentation of the general evolution of peace operations with an emphasis on the rule of law component, the text introduces the tasks, doctrine and challenges of past police participation in these operations, using concrete examples, and discusses the national institutional arrangements that govern police components, including recruitment and training. The text's third section maps Brazilian internal processes, essentially in three phases: before, during and after deployment. The analysis begins with the selection process and training. Still before deployment, there is discussion of the provision of documents and health services to those deployed. Deployment itself is treated in some detail, with emphasis on officers' communication with Brazil and on legal and financial questions. The fourth and final section offers concrete policy recommendations for the continued utility of these contributions as an opportunity to strengthen Brazil's profile in an important international activity. The policy inputs are divided between the international, (Brazilian) federal and state levels.