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In: Griot: Revista de Filosofia, Band 21, Heft 1, S. 379-409
The paper aims to clarify the sense of contemporary fascism, particularly from the example of the Brazilian Bonsolarism, defining it as an anti-systemic, anti-institucional, anti-juridical and infralegal perspective with a personalist, devoted, voluntarist, spontaneous and militant character which starts from inside judiciary and in terms of subversion of the relation among law, politics and moral, and that, by means of politicization and partisanship of law, branches to the political system, serving as instrument to the fratricide political war among parties, from there linking to civil society in the form of constitution of a digital-social mass-militia of acclamation oriented to an anti-systemic posture. In this dynamic, the fascism has two constitutive and streamlining cores: on one side, it subverts the correlation of human rights and law, delegitimizing and truly destroying the ontogenetic primacy, the separation, the differentiation, the self-referentiality and the overposition of law in relation to politics and moral, as the subsidiarity of them regarding law; on other, it leads to the deconstruction from inside to judiciary and political system of the highly institutionalist, legalist, technical, formal and depersonalized perspective which is proper to them, eliminating the centrality of the judiciary and, them, delegitimizing its regulator role regarding to political system and to the social dialectics, normalizing the totalizing regression caused by political-moral colonization of the democratic law. By reconstructing the pluralist and universalist democracy's meta-normative and generative basis as a public system of law, that is, the co-originality of universality of human rights, pluralism and law, the condition of ontogenetic primacy, independence, self-subsistence and overposition of law in relation to politics and moral, as the subsidiarity of these regarding to law, we will point to the renewal of this systemic, systematic, procedural, mediated, instancial, progressive and publicized perspective of the public system of law, in the interrelation, separation and overposition of judiciary and political system, demarcated by a strong ideal of methodological-procedural-axiological institutionality, legality, technicality, formality and depersonalization, which eradicates the politicization and partisanship of law and, by devolving the complete integrality to law-judiciary, confines the democracy's political system and civil society to their true limits which are its structural basis: the human rights, the legal process and the public system of law, with the necessity of full translation of politics and moral to law, delimitating the pluralist and universalist democracy as a public system of law oriented to the production of universality in/as/by legality.
This article aims to study the changes brought by Federal Law 13,655/18 to the Law of Introduction to the Rules of Brazilian Law - LINDB from the perspective of the control of the Public Administration. We intend to analyze the new provisions added to the original legal diploma and its implications regarding the control of the activities performed by the Public Administration entities. One of the most relevant changes concerns the necessary assessment of the consequences of decisions taken by the public control bodies, the assessment related to the efficiency concerning the Public Administration activities, the greater role played by social participation, and, therefore, a more democratic scenario. On this basis, consensuality also acquires greater relevance. The analysis took place here starts from a historical retrospective of the control of Public Administration in Brazilian Law. Secondly, the different forms of control of the Public Administration are analyzed, and then the new concepts brought by the LINDB, as it was altered in the year 2018, are analyzed. ; O presente artigo tem por escopo o estudo das alterações trazidas pela Lei Federal 13.655/18 à Lei de Introdução às Normas do Direito Brasileiro – LINDB, sob a perspectiva do controle da Administração Pública. Nesse esteio serão apreciados os novos dispositivos acrescidos ao diploma legal original e suas consequências no que toca o controle das atividades da Administração Pública. Nota-se que uma das mais relevantes alterações diz respeito à necessária apreciação das consequências das decisões a serem adotadas pelos órgãos de controle, a percepção de eficiência na ação administrativa, além da maior participação social e viés democrático. Nessa égide, a consensualidade também adquire relevância. A análise do tema partirá de um retrospecto histórico do controle da Administração Pública no Direito Brasileiro, passando pelas formas de controle da Administração Pública, para então analisarmos e discutirmos os novos conceitos inseridos na LINDB no ano de 2018.
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Inaugurating a new legislative discipline in public contracts, Law No. 14,133 of April 1, 2021 was enacted in good time, bringing important innovations compared to its predecessor. Among the novelties of the Law, stands out the prediction of the "competitive dialogue", a bidding modality through which the Public Administration and the bidders, after negotiations, jointly develop technical solutions capable of meeting the needs of the contractor that led to the opening of the bidding procedure. The present work is dedicated to this institute. Seeking to examine the origins of the new bidding modality and understand the path taken until itsinclusion in Brazilian legislation, the article begins by tracing an overview of administrative consensuality in contemporaneity and examining the theme in comparative law. Afterwards, the work moves on to its main objective, consisting in the specific study of the discipline conferred by the new Brazilian Bidding and Contract Law on the institute. At this moment, we investigate each respective phase of the new bidding modality and the peculiarities inherent to them. Finally, the article also examines the "competitive dialogue" compared to other existing participatory bidding modalities, highlighting the main differences that make it a truly innovative institute. ; Inaugurando uma nova disciplina legislativa em relação às contratações públicas, foi editada, já em boa hora, a Lei nº 14.133, de 1º de abril de 2021, que trouxe importantes inovações em relação à sua predecessora. Entre as novidades da lei, destaca-se a previsão do denominado "diálogo competitivo", modalidade de licitação por meio da qual a Administração Pública e os particulares licitantes, após negociações mútuas, desenvolvem, juntos, soluções técnicas capazes de atender às necessidades do contratante que levaram à abertura do procedimento licitatório. A ela dedicase o presente trabalho. Buscando examinar as origens do novo instituto e entender o caminho percorrido até a sua positivação no direito brasileiro, o ...
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This article uses the Newcomb-Benford(NB-Law), or Law of Anomalous Numbers, to analyze the values of Electronic Bidding Processes that occurred in the Purchasing Portal of the Brazilian Federal Government and contained in the newly created website "DadosAbertos.gov.br". In the analysis, all services contracted in the period from 2014 to 2018 were considered. The objective of the research was to analyze the conformity of the Electronic Auction referred to the NB-Law, aiming to verify anomalies, which represent signs of fraud. It can be said that there was a statistically significant anomaly in the analysis of the first digit of the values bid in the Electronic Bidding Tenders. It is also noted that the trading sessions with the first digit of numbers 4, 8 and 9 are those with the largest differences between expected and observed values, strengthening the hypothesis that these represent the trading sessions with the highest incidence / probability of deviations, to be tested in future studies. The study, pioneer in this type of analysis in the Brazilian data source, aims to contribute to the literature focused on the detection of accounting or financial fraud in the public sector. The results collected here can also contribute to the practice of inspection in public management. It is recommended to deepen the studies based on the Economics of Corruption, on issues that involve the detection of fraud, so that corruption becomes unviable or inopportune. ; Este artículo utiliza la Ley de Newcomb-Benford(Ley-NB), o Ley de Números Anómalos, para el análisis de los valores de las Sesiones de Comercio Electrónico realizadas en el Portal de Compras del Gobierno Federal de Brasil y contenidas en el sitio web recién creado "DadosAbertos.gov.br". En los análisis, fueron considerados todos los contratos de servicios, de 2014 a 2018. El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar el cumplimiento de las Sesiones de Comercio Electrónico mencionadas a la Ley-NB, con el fin de verificar anomalías que representan evidencia de fraude. Se puede afirmar que hubo una anomalía estadísticamente significativa en el análisis del primer dígito de los valores licitados en las ofertas de las Subastas Electrónicas. También se observa que las sesiones de trading con el primer dígito de los números 4, 8 y 9 son las que presentaron el valores intermedios más altos que contribuyen al chi-cuadrado (²) calculado, fortaleciendo la hipótesis de que estas representan las sesiones de trading con la mayor incidencia/probabilidad de desviaciones. El estudio, pionero en este tipo de análisis en la base de datos brasileña, tiene como objetivo contribuir a la literatura centrada en la detección de fraudes contables o financieros en el sector público. Los resultados aquí recogidos también pueden contribuir a la práctica de la supervisión en la gestión pública. Se recomienda profundizar en el análisis de las ofertas estudiadas, con el fin de confirmar las evidencias aquí recogidas, y centrarse en estudios basados en la Economía de la Corrupción en cuestiones relacionadas con la detección de fraude, de modo que la corrupción se vuelva inviable o impropia. ; Este artigo utiliza a Lei de Newcomb-Benford (Lei-NB), ou Lei dos Números Anômalos, para análise empírica exploratória dos valores de pregões eletrônicos ocorridos no Portal de Compras do Governo Federal brasileiro e constantes no recém-criado site "DadosAbertos.gov.br". Nas análises foram consideradas todas as contratações de serviços no período de 2014 a 2018. O objetivo da pesquisa foi analisar a conformidade dos pregões eletrônicos mencionados à Lei-NB, visando a verificar anomalias que representam indícios de fraude. Pode-se afirmar que há anomalia estatisticamente significante na análise do primeiro dígito dos valores licitados nos pregões eletrônicos das licitações. Constata-se também que os pregões com primeiro dígito de números 4, 8 e 9 são os que apresentaram maiores diferenças entre o valor observado e o valor esperado, fortalecendo a hipótese de que esses representam os pregões com maior incidência/probabilidade de desvios. O estudo, pioneiro nesse tipo de análise na base de dados brasileira, visa a contribuir para a literatura focada na detecção de fraudes contábeis ou financeiras no setor público. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam que podem contribuir, também, para a prática da fiscalização na gestão pública. É recomendado aprofundar a análise das licitações estudadas, visando a confirmar os indícios constatados, e focar em estudos baseados na economia da corrupção nas questões que envolvem a detecção de fraudes, a fim de que a corrupção se torne inviável ou inoportuna.
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O presente trabalho tem como escopo a reflexão, perante a Nova Lei de Licitações, sobre o protagonismo da figura do contrato bilateral entre os mecanismos de desenvolvimento de políticas públicas, em detrimento de atos unilaterais, de polícia, próprios do Estado Liberal. Analisa a utilização harmoniosa do instituto aos valores do atual regime constitucional, sempre vinculada, ainda que indiretamente, aos objetivos sociais que devem ser perseguidos pelo Poder Público, sob uma índole distributiva. Apresenta os desafios de implementação, a vantagem da perspectiva cooperativista, sem olvidar do perigo de eventual excesso de intervenção regulatória por esses instrumentos, bem como o conceito de política pública e a crescente tutela do Direito sobre as escolhas dos administradores, de modo a derrocar uma atuação em moldes autoritários.Recebido: 07.02.2021/Aprovado: 12.09.2021 ; The scope of this work is to reflect, before the New Bidding Law, on the protagonism of the contract figure, bilateral, among the development mechanisms of public policies, against unilateral acts, typical to the Liberal State. It analyzes the use of the institute in a way that is harmonious with the values of the current constitutional regime, always linked, albeit indirectly, to the achievement of social objectives that must be pursued by the Government, under a distributive nature, which is pursued by the Legislator, more explicitly, in the new law. It presents the implementation challenges, the advantage of the cooperative perspective, without forgetting the danger of an eventual excess of regulatory intervention by these instruments as well as the concept of public policy and the growing tutelage of the Law on the choices of administrators, in order to overthrow an authoritarian action.Received: February 7th, 2021/Approved: September 12th, 2021
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In: Schriften zum portugiesischen und lusophonen Recht Band 8
In: Schriften zum Portugiesischen und Lusophonen Recht 8
In: Nomos eLibrary
In: Internationales Recht
Privatautonomie ist ein so zentrales und altes Thema, dass es fast nur im Facettenreichtum der verschiedensten Perspektiven annähernd zu fassen ist. Die Referate umfassen viele der Rechtsordnungen deutscher und portugiesischer Sprache, von Österreich und Deutschland über Portugal und Brasilien bis hin zu den kapverdischen Inseln. Sie umfassen eine ganze Reihe der klassischen privat-, handels- und wirtschaftsrechtlichen Gebiete, aber auch Betrachtungen zu Rechtsgeschichte und Rechtsphilosophie. Die Beiträge stammen aus Wissenschaft ebenso wie Praxis, der Generalsekretär von Unidroit erläutert die Privatautonomie breit im Vertragsrecht allgemein, das Verbraucherrecht bildet einen Kontrast dazu, das Testamentsrecht eine dritte Perspektive und vieles mehr. Nicht zuletzt wird das deutsch-lusitanische Recht durch Betrachtungen zu kulturellen Dimensionen flankiert, Rhetorik ebenso wie Literatur runden das Panorama ab. Privatautonomie präsentiert dieser Band als ein spannendes, facettenreiches Thema
A maioria dos países integrantes do Fórum das Ilhas do Pacífico(1) foi colônia ou protetorado britânico. Essa condição resultou na transposição de leis britânicas relativas à saúde pública que necessitam de revisão e reforma. Estes países também contam com uma rica tradição de direito consuetudinário e métodos de organização social anteriores à experiência colonial(2). Acrescente-se a esse ambiente legal pluralista, o fato de que todos os países do Pacífico ratificaram tratados de direitos humanos internacionais ou tratados que criam obrigações no direito internacional em relação à saúde. ; Most Pacific Island countries which are members of the Pacific Islands Forum have a history as British colonies or protectorates. This delivers a legacy of transplanted British style public health laws from the first half of the twentieth century, which are out of date and in need of review and reform. Pacific Island countries also have a rich tradition of customary laws and methods of social organisation predating their colonial experience. Added to this pluralist legal environment, all Pacific countries have ratified some international human rights treaties or treaties creating obligations at international law in relation to health.
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In: Ambiente & sociedade, Band 12, Heft 2
ISSN: 1414-753X
In: Revista brasileira de estudos politicos, Heft 94, S. 259-272
ISSN: 0034-7191
In: Novos Estudos CEBRAP, Heft 78, S. 11-14
In: Griot: Revista de Filosofia, Band 19, Heft 3, S. 115-129
The contemporary debate in the theory of international relations is marked by two perspectives: on the one hand the perspective of political realism that conceives of peace as an inaccessible ideal and war as a necessary means for the acquisition and maintenance of power; and on the other hand the perspective of normativism or idealism that thinks the end (telos) of international relations beyond the conflicts of interest and the struggle for power. The first perspective deals with international relations at the level of being (of what is), the second at the level of ought (normative level). In view of this scenario, our idea in this article is to approach the problem of war and peace from an interdisciplinary study through contributions from Kant's Public International Law and Philosophy. In a first moment we will analyze the paradox of the war, then the role of the Public International Law for the problematic of the peace, and finally the contributions of Kant for the normative redefinition of the international right from his republican project of the league of peace (foedus pacificum).
No one is naive enough to believe that in the 21st century it is possible to find any government immune to the political strength emanated by large global corporations economical power. Indeed, governments are proud in describing themselves as marketing partners/agents of companies that have their respective states as corporate headquarters. In the same way, this naivete is no longer possible when it comes to the frontier between the juridical and the political. The Brazilian case is exemplary, but, to avoid the allegation of subjectivity, it is convenient to examine what happened with the regulation of tobacco consumption in Austria: The Freedom Party in Austria (FPO) demanded to join the coalition to allow the constitution of a government, the withdrawal of the total ban on smoking in bars, restaurants a nd discotheques, provided by 2015 legislation that should take effect on May 1. ; Ninguém e ingênuo a ponto de imaginar que, no século XXI, seja possível encontrar qualquer governo imune à força política diretamente derivada da força econômica das grandes empresas globais. Com efeito, os governantes têm o orgulho de se descreverem como parceiros/agentes de marketing das empresas que têm seus respectivos Estados como sede social. Do mesmo modo, essa ingenuidade não é mais possível quando se trata da fronteira entre o jurídico e o político. O caso brasileiro é exemplar, mas, para fugir da acusação de subjetividade, convém examinar o que se deu na regulação do consumo de tabaco na Áustria: o Partido da Liberdade (FPO) exigiu, para aderir a coalisão que permitisse a formação de um governo, a retirada da interdição total de fumar nos bares, restaurantes e discotecas, prevista na legislação de 2015 e que deveria entrar em vigor no próximo 1º de maio.
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