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Abstract
The present article maps the explicit references to the rule of law in the jurisprudence of the ECtHR by examining the judgments of the Grand Chamber and the Plenary Court. On the basis of the structured analysis it seeks to identify the constitutive elements of the Court's rule of law concept and contrast it with the author's working definition and the position of other Council of Europe organs. The review of the case-law indicates that the Court primarily associates the rule of law with access to court, judicial safeguards, legality and democracy, and it follows a moderately thick definition of the concept including formal, procedural and some substantive elements. The rule of law references are predominantly ancillary arguments giving weight to other Convention-based considerations and it is not applied as a self-standing standard.

Intended to serve as a readily-accessible reference tool for Indiana judges confronted with issues of public health law. Outlines state public health statutes and regulations and analyzes relevant state and federal caselaw in several topical areas. ; Jurisdiction of public health issues -- Health agencies and boards -- Searches, seizures and other government actions to ensure public health -- Proceedings regarding limitations on individual liberties -- Operation of the courts amid public health threats -- State of emergency -- Model orders -- Appendices -- Index. ; Mark A. Rothstein, Meghan K. Talbott, Amy R. Schofield, Linda L. Chezem. ; Includes index. ; ".A collaborating center of the Public Health Law Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention."--pdf cover page. ; "This publication was supported by Cooperative Agreement Number U50/CCU423386 from the Public Health Law Program of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of CDC." - p. ii ; Mode of access: World Wide Web as an Acrobat .pdf file (1.28 MB, 197 p.). ; Text ( pdf format: , 937 KB, 198 p.).

The primary content of the e-Book is a series of short, explanatory entries on a wide variety of election law topics. Some entries serve as a basic introduction to the particular topic, while others provide a more advanced discussion of the relevant issues. Together, these entries form an electronic encyclopedia. Like any reference source, these entries are designed to be objective and accurate; they identify areas of uncertainty where they exist and describe competing viewpoints with respect to issues of controversy. Because of its electronic form, the e-Book can contain features not found in a conventional, paper-bound encyclopedia. Each section of the e-Book, as part of its regular updates, will contain "news alerts" about breaking developments with respect to its particular topic. Also, from time to time, the web pages that form this e-Book may offer commentary, or point-counterpoint discussions, on newly emerging issues; when doing so, the e-Book will be clear to mark these offerings as "opinion," to distinguish them from the objective entries that function as an electronic treatise. The e-Book is divided into eight parts ...

The Women's Court of Canada (WCC) reconsiders the 1989 case of Andrews v Law Society of British Columbia, in which the Supreme Court of Canada considered whether a citizenship requirement for law society membership discriminated against a non-Canadian lawyer. In the decision, the Court set out the principles and analytic framework for an analysis under section 15(1) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, a framework that continues to be applied by Canadian courts today. The WCC considers the appeal as raising pure questions of law on the basis that neither party appealed on the merits. The decision relies solely on arguments that were available in 1989. The WCC's reframing of the section 15 analysis is based on a consideration of the general principles of Charter interpretation, the purpose and scope of section 15, the historical context, and the text of the provision. According to the WCC, section 15 contains a positive right to equality rather than simply a narrow prohibition against discrimination. This approach rejects the Court's view that equality rights are vague and open-ended and require limiting criteria. The WCC goes on to set out a framework for the section 15 inquiry focused on giving meaning and import to the full text of this section. Finally, the WCC considers the relationship between section 15(1) and section 1 of the Charter, confirming that it is paramount to keep the two inquiries separate and distinct.