Land restitution in Eastern Lithuania has been rather slow, only in Vilnius district (which is the closest to Vilnius city) the restitution was exceptionally fast. Almost in all municipalities the percentage of lands returned to their owners was similar (ranging from 97% to 99%), but in Vilnius district municipality such lands comprised only 88%. Land restitution in Vilnius district is complicated, because a direct impact of Vilnius city is felt in this territory. The presence of Vilnius city increases the price of land in the areas closer to the city. There are some political factors involved as well.
Land restitution in Eastern Lithuania has been rather slow, only in Vilnius district (which is the closest to Vilnius city) the restitution was exceptionally fast. Almost in all municipalities the percentage of lands returned to their owners was similar (ranging from 97% to 99%), but in Vilnius district municipality such lands comprised only 88%. Land restitution in Vilnius district is complicated, because a direct impact of Vilnius city is felt in this territory. The presence of Vilnius city increases the price of land in the areas closer to the city. There are some political factors involved as well.
Land restitution in Eastern Lithuania has been rather slow, only in Vilnius district (which is the closest to Vilnius city) the restitution was exceptionally fast. Almost in all municipalities the percentage of lands returned to their owners was similar (ranging from 97% to 99%), but in Vilnius district municipality such lands comprised only 88%. Land restitution in Vilnius district is complicated, because a direct impact of Vilnius city is felt in this territory. The presence of Vilnius city increases the price of land in the areas closer to the city. There are some political factors involved as well.
Land restitution in Eastern Lithuania has been rather slow, only in Vilnius district (which is the closest to Vilnius city) the restitution was exceptionally fast. Almost in all municipalities the percentage of lands returned to their owners was similar (ranging from 97% to 99%), but in Vilnius district municipality such lands comprised only 88%. Land restitution in Vilnius district is complicated, because a direct impact of Vilnius city is felt in this territory. The presence of Vilnius city increases the price of land in the areas closer to the city. There are some political factors involved as well.
Land restitution in Eastern Lithuania has been rather slow, only in Vilnius district (which is the closest to Vilnius city) the restitution was exceptionally fast. Almost in all municipalities the percentage of lands returned to their owners was similar (ranging from 97% to 99%), but in Vilnius district municipality such lands comprised only 88%. Land restitution in Vilnius district is complicated, because a direct impact of Vilnius city is felt in this territory. The presence of Vilnius city increases the price of land in the areas closer to the city. There are some political factors involved as well.
Land restitution in Eastern Lithuania has been rather slow, only in Vilnius district (which is the closest to Vilnius city) the restitution was exceptionally fast. Almost in all municipalities the percentage of lands returned to their owners was similar (ranging from 97% to 99%), but in Vilnius district municipality such lands comprised only 88%. Land restitution in Vilnius district is complicated, because a direct impact of Vilnius city is felt in this territory. The presence of Vilnius city increases the price of land in the areas closer to the city. There are some political factors involved as well.
Research relevance. Sustainable land use is an agroecosystem which aims to gain pro-ducts that, by their amount, could compete with production obtained on land of at least ave-rage productivity, and could maintain stable soil productivity or even improve it in case of selected specific land uses and grown crops. Low-productivity light textured soils are risky for cultivation of agricultural products. So the exploration on rational use of resources in such soils requires special attention. Sandy loam soils are naturally infertile and acidic, with low content of organic matter, so the importance and aspiration to conserve or improve such soils is enshrined in legislation such as the National Climate Change Management Policy and the National Environmental Protection Strategy. The Kyoto Protocol emphasizes that soil is one of the main CO2 reser-ves, which must be protected and, if possible, increased. At the Paris Conference on Climate Change the member states pledged to achieve the so-called "absolute zero" threshold as quickly as possible, and to reach the balance of pollutants and green energy which would not further extend the greenhouse effect by 2100. It was noted that certain farming techniques allow agricultural soils to absorb and perform carbon sequestration, enabling the assessment of land use conversion efficiency (Huang et al., 2010, 2012; Jin et al., 2014). Research objectives: 1. to determine changes of macromorphological characteristics of the soil profile (0–120 cm) resulting from the altered land use; 2. to explore the impact of different land uses on soil fertility, assessing changes of agro-chemical characteristics of soil profile (0–120 cm); 3. to assess differences in organic carbon sequestration in different land uses; 4. to assess the productivity (biomass, total energy) of different land uses and their altera-tions depending on the duration of the land use transformation period; 5. to identify changes in the species composition of natural phytocenoses (fallow) in the course of soil renaturalization.
Research relevance. Sustainable land use is an agroecosystem which aims to gain pro-ducts that, by their amount, could compete with production obtained on land of at least ave-rage productivity, and could maintain stable soil productivity or even improve it in case of selected specific land uses and grown crops. Low-productivity light textured soils are risky for cultivation of agricultural products. So the exploration on rational use of resources in such soils requires special attention. Sandy loam soils are naturally infertile and acidic, with low content of organic matter, so the importance and aspiration to conserve or improve such soils is enshrined in legislation such as the National Climate Change Management Policy and the National Environmental Protection Strategy. The Kyoto Protocol emphasizes that soil is one of the main CO2 reser-ves, which must be protected and, if possible, increased. At the Paris Conference on Climate Change the member states pledged to achieve the so-called "absolute zero" threshold as quickly as possible, and to reach the balance of pollutants and green energy which would not further extend the greenhouse effect by 2100. It was noted that certain farming techniques allow agricultural soils to absorb and perform carbon sequestration, enabling the assessment of land use conversion efficiency (Huang et al., 2010, 2012; Jin et al., 2014). Research objectives: 1. to determine changes of macromorphological characteristics of the soil profile (0–120 cm) resulting from the altered land use; 2. to explore the impact of different land uses on soil fertility, assessing changes of agro-chemical characteristics of soil profile (0–120 cm); 3. to assess differences in organic carbon sequestration in different land uses; 4. to assess the productivity (biomass, total energy) of different land uses and their altera-tions depending on the duration of the land use transformation period; 5. to identify changes in the species composition of natural phytocenoses (fallow) in the course of soil renaturalization.
Sustainable development concept is described as devel-opment politics which tries to satisfy welfare related economic, social and environmental needs of society for short, medium and long terms. With abandoned land effective use questions face almost all countries. In Lithuania, in various ways, attempts are being made to solve the problems of abandoned land use, it is very important that they would be solved while taking into account social, environment, economic goals of society. The article analyses abandoned agricultural land use possibilities for renewable energy and other goal while taking into account the principles of sustainable development
Sustainable development concept is described as devel-opment politics which tries to satisfy welfare related economic, social and environmental needs of society for short, medium and long terms. With abandoned land effective use questions face almost all countries. In Lithuania, in various ways, attempts are being made to solve the problems of abandoned land use, it is very important that they would be solved while taking into account social, environment, economic goals of society. The article analyses abandoned agricultural land use possibilities for renewable energy and other goal while taking into account the principles of sustainable development
An estate – comprises the houses and outbuildings and supporting farmland and woods that surround the gardens and grounds of a very large property, such as a country house or mansion. It is an "estate" because the profits from its produce and rents are sufficient to support the household in the house at its center. Countrys landscape in history development of eastate management concurent change out off land management. One of best stability of landscape elements is estates with buildings and parks. So for today estates in society well know like a cultural values objekts. 1992-1993 years began privatizations of reality in Lithuania. Government take once of decision for estate management: was made no privatizations estates list. In this time in Lithuania is about 600 estates and just 200 is privatization. The point of this work – collect and analysis historical evidence, to traverse extant Kauno area estates of managements and all over facilities. I analyze Raudondvario, Babtyno, Linkuvos, Aukštosios Fredos, Sirutiškių and Lančiūnavos estates land use and management. In analysis was establish ex-estates land are of economic sigificane, present estates, lands ownership and direct attention to parklands condition. Research was made in 2007-2008 years.
An estate – comprises the houses and outbuildings and supporting farmland and woods that surround the gardens and grounds of a very large property, such as a country house or mansion. It is an "estate" because the profits from its produce and rents are sufficient to support the household in the house at its center. Countrys landscape in history development of eastate management concurent change out off land management. One of best stability of landscape elements is estates with buildings and parks. So for today estates in society well know like a cultural values objekts. 1992-1993 years began privatizations of reality in Lithuania. Government take once of decision for estate management: was made no privatizations estates list. In this time in Lithuania is about 600 estates and just 200 is privatization. The point of this work – collect and analysis historical evidence, to traverse extant Kauno area estates of managements and all over facilities. I analyze Raudondvario, Babtyno, Linkuvos, Aukštosios Fredos, Sirutiškių and Lančiūnavos estates land use and management. In analysis was establish ex-estates land are of economic sigificane, present estates, lands ownership and direct attention to parklands condition. Research was made in 2007-2008 years.
The aim of the work – to analyze the process of buying – selling and rent of state land sites in Siauliai city. The main law acts, regulating matters of buying – selling, rent and use of state land are: 3 part implementation of Constitution law of 47th article of Constitution of Lithuanian Republic; Civil code of the Republic of Lithuania; Land law of Republic of Lithuania and after legislative law acts. Guiding these documents the documents of ownership of land, the agreements or rent and usage of land are prepared. The land buy – sell agreement is of notarial form and is registered in the registry of realty. The main information about buyable land site from the state and its selling price are noted in the agreement. People can pay all the price at once or buy land in credit. The realty site plan has to be prepared in order to make the land site transactions. Buyer gets proprietorship of land after release of state land. The release and the acceptance of the land site are formalized by the release – acceptance act signed by both sides. People what doesn't want buy land can rent it. Land rent term adjusting both sides agreement, but no longer than 99 years. Agricultural land can be rented no longer than 25 years. State or municipality institutes, organizations which doesn't want any benefit state land can be no rented but passed for using in use agreement.
The aim of the work – to analyze the process of buying – selling and rent of state land sites in Siauliai city. The main law acts, regulating matters of buying – selling, rent and use of state land are: 3 part implementation of Constitution law of 47th article of Constitution of Lithuanian Republic; Civil code of the Republic of Lithuania; Land law of Republic of Lithuania and after legislative law acts. Guiding these documents the documents of ownership of land, the agreements or rent and usage of land are prepared. The land buy – sell agreement is of notarial form and is registered in the registry of realty. The main information about buyable land site from the state and its selling price are noted in the agreement. People can pay all the price at once or buy land in credit. The realty site plan has to be prepared in order to make the land site transactions. Buyer gets proprietorship of land after release of state land. The release and the acceptance of the land site are formalized by the release – acceptance act signed by both sides. People what doesn't want buy land can rent it. Land rent term adjusting both sides agreement, but no longer than 99 years. Agricultural land can be rented no longer than 25 years. State or municipality institutes, organizations which doesn't want any benefit state land can be no rented but passed for using in use agreement.
Wet territory corpus is 98341ha in Joniskis district. 80524,65 ha or 81,9 % of the wetlands fund have been reclaimed in the district. Main job goal is to inspect existing melioration building's condition in the local government's territory of the Joniskis district. According inventorisation data analysis accomplished in 2006 improved land's area, including drained area become bigger from 1987, 1232,64 ha has structure 1,55 %. Quantity of building's in bad shape has structured 4490,99 ha from which 3190,76 ha have been reconstructed, also 1083,04 ha have been reconditioned and 217,19 ha have been discarded as unusable. Most common drainage system break is influated by new buildings, roads and communication systems. The malfunction of the drainage area has structure 6 % of all land area. According inventorisation of 2006 have emerged that main roads in the Joniskis district are 1230,0 km. Bad condition has structured 357,64 km, it is 29%. Most common drainage system breaks are: the main canal, which is overgrown by trees and scrubs, also main canal is choked up by outwashes and affluented. According inventorisation were done become clear that overflows are in bad shape in the district of Joniskis city; that is 56 % of all them bad condition. The major reasons of breaks are: local failures are damaged, also the snouts are tumbled and finally the details of concrete are broke up. At present the average age of land reclamation hydraulic structures reaches 35 years. People have not enough means for the proper use and exploitation of land reclamation hydraulic structures, therefore, their condition state is rapidly getting worse. Land reclamation structures are useful to farmers, rural inhabitants as well as to the entire society. The farmers, unwilling and uncap able of maintaining and exploiting drainage in their own lands, do much harm to their neighbor's drained lands. The land reclamation hydraulic structures should not disappear, because their reconstruction would cost much money. Therefore, they should be properly exploited and maintained in order to prolong their exploitation time. The data of mathematical statistics methods, such as data filing, grouping as well as the methods of the graphical expression of research data were used for the research.
