Suchergebnisse

謝蕾. ; "2002年11月". ; 論文(哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2002. ; 參考文獻(leaves 76-82). ; 附中英文摘要. ; "2002 nian 11 yue". ; Xie Lei. ; Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2002. ; Can kao wen xian (leaves 76-82). ; Fu Zhong Ying wen zhai yao. ; 摘要 --- p.ii-iii ; 目錄 --- p.iv-v ; Chapter 第一章 --- 緖論 --- p.6 ; Chapter 一. --- 概述 --- p.6 ; Chapter 二. --- 研究方法 --- p.8 ; Chapter 三. --- 研究意義 --- p.10 ; Chapter 四. --- 本研究的結構 --- p.10 ; Chapter 第二章 --- 文獻回顧 --- p.11 ; Chapter 一. --- 國家與非營利部門 --- p.11 ; Chapter 二. --- 現有非營利組織法律體系的研究 --- p.18 ; Chapter 第三章 --- 研究框架 --- p.23 ; Chapter 一. --- 研究對象的說明 --- p.23 ; Chapter 二. --- 概念的提出 --- p.23 ; Chapter 三. --- 操作化 --- p.29 ; Chapter 第四章 --- 中國非營利組織現行法規的比較分析一一縱向比較 --- p.32 ; Chapter 一. --- 非營利組織管理法規立法的歷史回顧 --- p.32 ; Chapter 二. --- 1949年之後相關法規的對比分析 --- p.39 ; Chapter 三. --- 法規特徵分析 --- p.48 ; Chapter 四. --- 小結 --- p.49 ; Chapter 第五章 --- 特定國家/地區非營利組織法律框架比較一一横向比較 --- p.50 ; Chapter 一. --- 各國/地區法律體系的構成與發展 --- p.50 ; Chapter 二. --- 法律框架的比較 --- p.53 ; Chapter (一) --- 非營利組織與國家的政治關系比較 --- p.53 ; Chapter (二) --- 經濟關系 --- p.59 ; Chapter (三) --- 内部關系 --- p.61 ; Chapter 三. --- 分析總結 --- p.63 ; Chapter 第六章 --- 解釋分析 --- p.68 ; Chapter 一. --- 縱向比較結論:差異及其原因分析 --- p.68 ; Chapter 二. --- 橫向比較結論:差異及其原因分析 --- p.70 ; Chapter 三. --- 改進中國非營利組織法律環境的政策建議 --- p.73 ; Chapter 四. --- 本研究有待改進之處 --- p.75 ; 參考書目 --- p.76 ; 中文部分 --- p.76 ; 英文部分 --- p.78 ; 附錄(一):中國、新加坡、印度、日本和臺灣地區非營利組織法律、法規文本匯集(暫 缺巴西《非營利機構成立和運作法案》之英文版本) --- p.83 ; 附錄1中國非營利組織法律、法規匯編 --- p.83 ; 附錄1-1中國各歷史時期有關結社的法律規定 --- p.83 ; 附錄1-1.1 20世紀早期中國的补團狀況和相關法律 --- p.83 ; 附錄1-1.2國民黨政府時期的相關法規 --- p.83 ; 附錄1-1.3建國前中囯共産黨的相關法規 --- p.85 ; 附錄1-2中華人民共和國成立之後的非營利組織法律、法規 --- p.86 ; 附錄1-2. 1《社龠團體登記暂行辧法》(1950年) --- p.86 ; 附錄1-2. 2《社會圑體登記管理條例》(1989年) --- p.88 ; 附錄1-2. 3《社會團體登記管理條例》(1998年) --- p.90 ; 附錄1-2. 4《中華人民共和國公益事業捐贈法》(1999年) --- p.95 ; 附錄2-1新加坡《社團法》SOCIETIES ACT --- p.98 ; 附錄2-2新加坡《慈善組織法》Charities Act --- p.110 ; 附錄3印度《社團法》 --- p.146 ; 附錄4臺灣《人民圑體法》 --- p.153 ; 附錄5-1日本《非營利組織法》 --- p.159 ; 附錄5-2日本《民法典》 --- p.175 ; 附錄(二)中國民政部政府官員訪談(姓名略去)2002年2月7日 --- p.180 ; 圖表目錄 ; 表目錄 ...

Unauthorised use of the trademark logo on social media on a massive scale has led to frequent legal conflicts between trademark holders, social media providers and internet users and legal uncertainty. The thesis concludes that trademark infringement and dilution laws in the U.S. and EU are inadequate to solve this problem. The trademark logo on social media should be protected against unauthorised use, even though it is not used to sell the good or service the trademark indicates, but is used in a commercial environment. Two premises for any solution are that first the enforcement should be made automatic, since litigation on a case-by-case basis is not scalable, and second that the safe harbour provisions for online service providers, that aggravate the problem, should be substituted for strict liability. The trademark logo can be seen as the personification of the trademark holder, and one can argue that the stability of the trademark logo is not only in the interest of the trademark holder but also of society at large. One can argue that trademark dilution already provides a kind of moral right of integrity for the trademark logo. However, this right is limited to trademark logos that are considered famous or have a reputation, and, moreover, that are used in a commercial way. This thesis argues that also the trademark logo that did not reach the requested level of fame or reputation and is used in a non-commercial way should also be protected against unauthorised use on social media. Therefore the moral right of integrity is proposed for the trademark logo. Until the law will be amended to include a moral right of integrity for the trademark logo, this thesis suggests to implement proactive solutions in the walled gardens of social media as a testing ground for potential legislation. This automated solution is scalable, makes intellectual property protection and enforcement not only effective but also more calibratable to social policy goals and will inevitable lead to an algorithmic justice. ...

自20世纪90年代起,金融及法律界学者逐渐提出到境外发达资本市场上市可以发挥其 "捆绑"作用:企业可以通过跨越本国薄弱的法律机制,受制于发达国家的法律以及监管,实现公司治理的提高。"捆绑理论起源于美国, 但随后也被运用于全球市场的其他角落。 问题关键在于本国市场与境外市场之间是否存在一个"质量差距", 因为只有在"质量差距"存在的情况下,"捆绑"的作用才有可能产生。 ; 源于"香港"英文拼写中的第一个字母H,到香港上市的中国企业被统称为H-股公司。自"青岛啤酒"于1993成功于香港上市,至今香港联交所已有169 间H-股公司。其中,2002至2006 是到港上市的高峰期. 此期间,中国资本市场混乱,难以发挥为企业融资的作用。鉴于此,中国政府鼓励国内企业到香港上市,寄予通过香港更好的治理机制,实现对本土企业治理实践的提高。 ; 当前,人们普遍认为香港上市可以顺利提高中国企业的治理实践。如若事实如此,我们有理由相信中国本土市场与香港市场之间存在明显的"质量差距"。也就是说香港市场的治理体系优于国内市场。此文以中小股东保护为出发点,于以下几个方面探讨两地之间是否存在"质量差距":信息披露,独立董事,金融中介机构的"看门人"作用,证券法的公力救济,以及公司法,证券法的私力救济。 ; In the 1990s, finance and legal scholars gradually proffered the view that cross-listing in a developed market functions as a "bonding" mechanism: a firm may improve governance practices in spite of the home country's weak legal institutions by subjecting itself to the legal and regulatory regime of the developed market. Initially developed in the context of overseas companies listed in the US, this bonding effect has been applied to other places of the global market as well. Critical to this scenario is the existence of a "quality gap" between the home and the foreign markets, which must exist for generating the bonding effect. ; Chinese companies listed in Hong Kong are known as H-share companies for the first letter of the listing locality. Since the birth of the first H-share company, Tsingtao Beer, in 1993, a total of 168 H-share companies have floated on the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong. A majority of these companies were listed between 2002 and 2006. Around this period, the two domestic exchanges were highly volatile and failed to provide an efficient fund-raising device for Chinese companies. Against this backdrop, the Chinese government adopted the strategy of encouraging domestic companies list in Hong Kong, which is perceived to be a better governance regime, thereby bonding the governance practices of Chinese companies to a superior standard. ; It is current conventional wisdom that the governance practices of Chinese companies can be enhanced indeed through ...

在網絡上,資訊技術及其使用改革了版權作品的使用方式。因特網根本性改變了版權市場。本文試圖論證,中國內地法律必須給予資訊技術足夠的發展空間,同時不能不合理地損害版權所有人的利益。 ; 本文認爲,在中國版權立法和適用中,版權功利主義理論起著根本性作用。根據功利主義,版權法的目標是促使社會文明的最大化發展。而且中國政府必須發展數字經濟,且須保證其版權法合理地促使網絡中間商運行和投資中國數字經濟。中國版權法需爲資訊技術提供足夠的發展空間。 ; 基於為資訊技術發展尋求足夠發展空間的目的,本文分析了Sony案抗辯,通知-删除避風港,誘導侵權和合理使用。中國必須合理解釋中國現有制度,從而避免給網絡中間商加以不合理的責任。關於版權侵權抗辯,中國應該引入美國的 Sony抗辯,作為衡量是否侵犯版權的一個因素。且避風港保護的範圍應該被擴展至包含所有網路中間商,以保證未來技術的未知發展擁有足夠的呼吸空間。而且,至少,中國應該採用某些善意轉換性使用的窮盡式合理使用抗辯,以促進現有技術的運行。且更合適的是,採用非窮盡式的合理使用抗辯,其範圍包括所有對社會有用的網路中間服務的必須運營活動,並通過確保資訊技術發展的方式。 ; 一個好的法律框架可以對人類的進步有著積極的影響,不然它會對社會發展起著阻礙作用。我們需要的法律框架應該同時促進版權和信息傳播技術的發展。這意味著,在保證版權産業正常運行的同時,該法律框架應爲技術發展提供肥沃的成長土壤。 ; Information technology and its usage on the internet have revolutionized the way in which various copyrighted works are captured, stored, copied and distributed. By expanding the breadth, diversity and sheer number of copyrighted works in existence, the internet has fundamentally changed the nature of copyright markets. ; This thesis attempts to argue that the laws in Mainland China should reserve enough space for information technologies to develop, without unreasonably prejudicing the interests of copyright holders. ; This thesis contends that the utilitarian justification for copyright plays an underlying role in both Chinese copyright legislation and judicial application. Under the utilitarian model in China, fostering a maximization of culture development is the aim of the copyright law. As such, in the era of information overload, the Chinese government should aim to develop the Digital Economy. In order to achieve this aim, it needs to start by ensuring that its copyright law appropriately enables Internet Intermediaries to operate and to invest in creating Chinese Digital Economy. Copyright law in China needs to create room to move. ; This thesis examines Sony defense, notice-and-take-down safe harbors, inducement liability and fair use, for the purpose of seeking enough space for information technology development. The existing rules in China, e.g. inducement liability, should be interpreted as ...