This master's thesis analyses the international, European Union and national legal regulations of the climate change. The aim of this work is to find out the practical aspects of legal regulation of climate change in the Lithuanian waste management sector by implementing waste incineration projects. This is done by reviewing legal instruments addressing the climate change, explaining the content of legislation and by analysing and comparing documents. The aim of the study is to reveal the legal regulation and practical aspects of the climate change in the Lithuanian waste management sector. The results of the study revealed that in order to solve the problems of the climate change countries must act unanimously, actively fulfill their commitments, because long negotiations and later untimely goals do not stop climate change and pose a threat to the whole world. In an effort to accomplish its GHG reduction plans, Lithuania has a strategy to have 3 waste incineration plants. However, the environmental impact and the potential increase in GHG emissions from energy recovery from waste was not fully assessed when this measure was included. On the contrary, waste incineration reduces the incentives for using more sustainable, climate-friendly waste management.
This master's thesis analyses the international, European Union and national legal regulations of the climate change. The aim of this work is to find out the practical aspects of legal regulation of climate change in the Lithuanian waste management sector by implementing waste incineration projects. This is done by reviewing legal instruments addressing the climate change, explaining the content of legislation and by analysing and comparing documents. The aim of the study is to reveal the legal regulation and practical aspects of the climate change in the Lithuanian waste management sector. The results of the study revealed that in order to solve the problems of the climate change countries must act unanimously, actively fulfill their commitments, because long negotiations and later untimely goals do not stop climate change and pose a threat to the whole world. In an effort to accomplish its GHG reduction plans, Lithuania has a strategy to have 3 waste incineration plants. However, the environmental impact and the potential increase in GHG emissions from energy recovery from waste was not fully assessed when this measure was included. On the contrary, waste incineration reduces the incentives for using more sustainable, climate-friendly waste management.
We live in the world that is full of variety and uncertainty together with subterfuge, criticism and creativity and it is the time that we need more individual abortions, perception, reflection and responsibility for the legal choices. Legal education at secondary school is the environment that educates students, namely citizens that are conscious, realizing their rights and duties, able to adjust legal knowledge in certain situations, constructively participate in changing society life. The obstacles that appear in education reality are associated with social life changes, the education content as social expressions, reflects the changes of today's society, as well as expectations and problems. Education content will be meaningful only when it will correlate with society and person's material and emotional culture. As a consequence, modern society should take into consideration education syllabus and their content as only the competent and meaningful syllabus as well as content may be useful and influence the progress among secondary school students. As far as quick social and legal education content change is concerned, it is important to note the significance of competences in General syllabus. This globalization era is marked with exceptional mark when global ideology assuring easier, of more quality and interesting life pierces the politics, culture, education, social life of every country suggesting living according common principles, namely, competences. The conception of competences is reasoned by education, it is the tune of educational processes that create common system of knowledge, skills, competence and value transmission. Consequently, the essence of renewable General programs is the transition from traditional and common education to modern education when educational content starts educate student competences. The object of this research is legal education aspect General syllabus at secondary school. This research aims at revealing the syllabus and content change of legal education at secondary school. The tasks of this research are as follows: 1. To analyze the main aspects of legal education syllabus and content change at secondary school. 2. To reveal the concept of competence education in General syllabus. 3. To look into legal education integration in General syllabus. 4. To figure out general competence expression in legal education context. Methodology: content analysis method, scientific and methodological literature analysis and generalization. Theoretical part deals with theoretical aspects of education, the concept of legal education is analyzed as well as its importance. The secondary school as an educational institution is considered, its significance in fast changing society. What is more, continuous education at secondary school is associated with education content and its change. On the grounds of general syllabus, general competences at secondary schools are examined in the context of legal education. The research is based on General syllabus (2002, 2008, 2011). The qualitative analysis was implemented by quality analysis open source coding program "Kokybis". The research results reveal that there is sufficient amount of attention legal education in schools starting elementary education and finishing with secondary education. Moreover, there are signs of adequate integration in syllabus as well as the expression of competences is visible in legal education context.
We live in the world that is full of variety and uncertainty together with subterfuge, criticism and creativity and it is the time that we need more individual abortions, perception, reflection and responsibility for the legal choices. Legal education at secondary school is the environment that educates students, namely citizens that are conscious, realizing their rights and duties, able to adjust legal knowledge in certain situations, constructively participate in changing society life. The obstacles that appear in education reality are associated with social life changes, the education content as social expressions, reflects the changes of today's society, as well as expectations and problems. Education content will be meaningful only when it will correlate with society and person's material and emotional culture. As a consequence, modern society should take into consideration education syllabus and their content as only the competent and meaningful syllabus as well as content may be useful and influence the progress among secondary school students. As far as quick social and legal education content change is concerned, it is important to note the significance of competences in General syllabus. This globalization era is marked with exceptional mark when global ideology assuring easier, of more quality and interesting life pierces the politics, culture, education, social life of every country suggesting living according common principles, namely, competences. The conception of competences is reasoned by education, it is the tune of educational processes that create common system of knowledge, skills, competence and value transmission. Consequently, the essence of renewable General programs is the transition from traditional and common education to modern education when educational content starts educate student competences. The object of this research is legal education aspect General syllabus at secondary school. This research aims at revealing the syllabus and content change of legal education at secondary school. The tasks of this research are as follows: 1. To analyze the main aspects of legal education syllabus and content change at secondary school. 2. To reveal the concept of competence education in General syllabus. 3. To look into legal education integration in General syllabus. 4. To figure out general competence expression in legal education context. Methodology: content analysis method, scientific and methodological literature analysis and generalization. Theoretical part deals with theoretical aspects of education, the concept of legal education is analyzed as well as its importance. The secondary school as an educational institution is considered, its significance in fast changing society. What is more, continuous education at secondary school is associated with education content and its change. On the grounds of general syllabus, general competences at secondary schools are examined in the context of legal education. The research is based on General syllabus (2002, 2008, 2011). The qualitative analysis was implemented by quality analysis open source coding program "Kokybis". The research results reveal that there is sufficient amount of attention legal education in schools starting elementary education and finishing with secondary education. Moreover, there are signs of adequate integration in syllabus as well as the expression of competences is visible in legal education context.
In this master's thesis the restrictions on the change of participants in private legal entities (limited liability companies, small partnerships, economical partnerships) were analyzed in order to determine whether current legal regulation in Lithuania and judicial practice adequately ensure the interests of private entities' participants so the established business unit and its management would be kept within their own control. In the first chapter the analysis of the legal doctrine is being reviewed by examining historical origins of private entities and the influence to the business due to the set limits for the change of the participants. In the second chapter the common restrictions on the change of participants are being systemized. In the third chapter other (special) legal factors are being examined, which might eliminate participants' common change conditions established in the legislation. At the end of the thesis conclusion is being made that participants of private legal entities (limited liability companies, small partnerships, economical partnerships) cannot freely transfer their rights (shares), whereas current legal regulation on the change of participants' limitations does not sufficiently provide the remaining participants the required protection if one of the participants decides to transfer its rights (shares) to any third party.
In this master's thesis the restrictions on the change of participants in private legal entities (limited liability companies, small partnerships, economical partnerships) were analyzed in order to determine whether current legal regulation in Lithuania and judicial practice adequately ensure the interests of private entities' participants so the established business unit and its management would be kept within their own control. In the first chapter the analysis of the legal doctrine is being reviewed by examining historical origins of private entities and the influence to the business due to the set limits for the change of the participants. In the second chapter the common restrictions on the change of participants are being systemized. In the third chapter other (special) legal factors are being examined, which might eliminate participants' common change conditions established in the legislation. At the end of the thesis conclusion is being made that participants of private legal entities (limited liability companies, small partnerships, economical partnerships) cannot freely transfer their rights (shares), whereas current legal regulation on the change of participants' limitations does not sufficiently provide the remaining participants the required protection if one of the participants decides to transfer its rights (shares) to any third party.
Four main financial market supervision models can be distinguished: functional, institutional, twin-peaks and integrated. Functional and institutional models are being changed by the twin-peaks and integrated supervision models. Majority of the Member States of the European Union apply integrated supervision model. Financial crisis usually encourage amending supervision model. The latest financial crisis is not an exemption. It has triggered a lot of reforms at worldwide, European Union and national levels. General trend of on-going regulatory changes and reforms is the increasing role of the state in the financial market supervision. Furthermore, performed analysis of legal acts changes and initiatives in the European Union, Member States and United States of America reveals a new emerging trend – the growing role of central banks in micro-prudential and macro-prudential supervision of financial market. The Republic of Lithuania also falls under this trend.
Four main financial market supervision models can be distinguished: functional, institutional, twin-peaks and integrated. Functional and institutional models are being changed by the twin-peaks and integrated supervision models. Majority of the Member States of the European Union apply integrated supervision model. Financial crisis usually encourage amending supervision model. The latest financial crisis is not an exemption. It has triggered a lot of reforms at worldwide, European Union and national levels. General trend of on-going regulatory changes and reforms is the increasing role of the state in the financial market supervision. Furthermore, performed analysis of legal acts changes and initiatives in the European Union, Member States and United States of America reveals a new emerging trend – the growing role of central banks in micro-prudential and macro-prudential supervision of financial market. The Republic of Lithuania also falls under this trend.
Four main financial market supervision models can be distinguished: functional, institutional, twin-peaks and integrated. Functional and institutional models are being changed by the twin-peaks and integrated supervision models. Majority of the Member States of the European Union apply integrated supervision model. Financial crisis usually encourage amending supervision model. The latest financial crisis is not an exemption. It has triggered a lot of reforms at worldwide, European Union and national levels. General trend of on-going regulatory changes and reforms is the increasing role of the state in the financial market supervision. Furthermore, performed analysis of legal acts changes and initiatives in the European Union, Member States and United States of America reveals a new emerging trend – the growing role of central banks in micro-prudential and macro-prudential supervision of financial market. The Republic of Lithuania also falls under this trend.
Four main financial market supervision models can be distinguished: functional, institutional, twin-peaks and integrated. Functional and institutional models are being changed by the twin-peaks and integrated supervision models. Majority of the Member States of the European Union apply integrated supervision model. Financial crisis usually encourage amending supervision model. The latest financial crisis is not an exemption. It has triggered a lot of reforms at worldwide, European Union and national levels. General trend of on-going regulatory changes and reforms is the increasing role of the state in the financial market supervision. Furthermore, performed analysis of legal acts changes and initiatives in the European Union, Member States and United States of America reveals a new emerging trend – the growing role of central banks in micro-prudential and macro-prudential supervision of financial market. The Republic of Lithuania also falls under this trend.
The thesis analyses legal regulation of the development in the context of major changes and challenges of Lithuanian Institute of Public Service. The development of legal regulation of the Institute has been studied since 1990 discussing the origins of purification process of the civil service institute. According to enactment and its changes in the Public Service Institute, the development of legal regulation is divided into specific stages, focusing on the performance and emphasis on fundamental changes and challenges. The analysis is based on statistical data and public institutional documents, legislation and scientific publications. The research is important because changes and problems in the public service are not fully published and focused on individual aspects of Public Service Institute. However, the work is based on two studies that are unique, and haven not been published yet.
The thesis analyses legal regulation of the development in the context of major changes and challenges of Lithuanian Institute of Public Service. The development of legal regulation of the Institute has been studied since 1990 discussing the origins of purification process of the civil service institute. According to enactment and its changes in the Public Service Institute, the development of legal regulation is divided into specific stages, focusing on the performance and emphasis on fundamental changes and challenges. The analysis is based on statistical data and public institutional documents, legislation and scientific publications. The research is important because changes and problems in the public service are not fully published and focused on individual aspects of Public Service Institute. However, the work is based on two studies that are unique, and haven not been published yet.
In this study, a legal, doctrinal analysis of the legal protection of software was conducted, the conceptual-categorical apparatus of software, a computer program was determined, the identity between them in the scientific literature was determined. The comprehensive analysis of judicial and legislative practice of EU, U.S., and Ukraine is carried out and concrete conclusions are defined. The historical genesis of software and computer program development, legal protection of data objects as a whole complex, primary ways through the protection of Patent, and further change of Copyright were also analysed. The master thesis provided relevant statistics and further ways to improve the laws and areas of intellectual property law.
In this study, a legal, doctrinal analysis of the legal protection of software was conducted, the conceptual-categorical apparatus of software, a computer program was determined, the identity between them in the scientific literature was determined. The comprehensive analysis of judicial and legislative practice of EU, U.S., and Ukraine is carried out and concrete conclusions are defined. The historical genesis of software and computer program development, legal protection of data objects as a whole complex, primary ways through the protection of Patent, and further change of Copyright were also analysed. The master thesis provided relevant statistics and further ways to improve the laws and areas of intellectual property law.
The legal regulation of pharmacovigilance is overviewed in this master thesis. In the first part the concept, sorts and history of pharmacovigilance are analysed. In the second part the current European Union legislation on pharmacovigilance is analysed, comparing it to legislation that will come into force in july, 2012, pointing to the main changes and its meaning to the European Union system of pharmacovigilance. In the third part Lithuanian legislation on pharmacovigilance is analysed and the efficiency of national system of pharmacovigilance is assessed.
