Suchergebnisse

This article deals with topical issues of employee liability for damage caused, the amount of damage compensation. Based on the analysis of scientific opinions of Russian scientists, the problems of establishing workers 'liability for damages in labor legislation are investigated; there is no common understanding of the institution of material liability, which causes difficulty in identifying the fact of liability in current practice.

The purpose of the research: to identify the areas of optimization of legal regulation of liability for space damage on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of international acts and legislation of foreign countries. Methods of research: To achieve the purpose of the study were used general and specific scientific (special). Among the latter, particular attention is paid to the use of the system approach and the comparative method. Results: At present, there are no studies in the Ukrainian legislation and legal science aimed at the comprehensive study of the issues of space law in the context of human rights. That is, the problem of the relationship between space law and human rights in the Ukrainian context is still not sufficiently investigated. However, for Ukraine, which is a "launching state" in the sense of international law, this issue is relevant. The study is one of the first attempts to study the issues of space law in the context of human rights, especially environmental ones. Therefore, the article focuses on the international legal aspects of liability for damage to human ecological rights, which can be caused by space objects. Discussion: The authors offer ways to optimize the legal regulation of liability for damage to human ecological rights, which can be caused by space objects and emphasize the peculiarities of responsibility "launching countries" in the context of protecting environmental human rights. ; Цель исследования: Выявить направления оптимизации правового регулирования ответственности за космический ущерб на основании комплексного анализа международных актов и законодательства зарубежных стран. Методы исследования: Для достижения цели исследования были использованы обще и конкретно научные (специальные). Среди последних особое внимание уделено использованию системного подхода и сравнительного метода. Результаты: На данный момент в украинском законодательстве и юридической науке отсутствуют исследования, направленные на комплексное изучение вопросов космического права в контексте прав ...

The article is devoted to the study of peculiarities of responsibility for violations of the rules of the circulation of arms by special subjects abroad. The author considers a number of legislative decisions in foreign countries on the basis of which reveals the general trends of foreign development in the studied area in the CIS countries and countries far abroad. ; Статья посвящена исследованию особенностей ответственности за нарушения правил оборота оружия специальными субъектами за рубежом. Автор рассматривает целый ряд законодательных решений в зарубежных странах, на основании которых выявляет общие тренды развития в исследуемой области в государствах СНГ и странах дальнего зарубежья.

No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment (Art. 5, Universal Declaration of Human Rights). According to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, torture means: . any act by which a person is intentionally subjected to severe physical or mental pain or suffering, in particular in order to obtain from this person or from a third party information or confession, to punish him for an act which he or a third person has committed or is suspected of having committed, to intimidate or pressure him or her to intimidate or to put pressure on a third party, or for any other reason based on any form of discrimination, when such pain or suffering is applied by a public official or any other person acting officially or at the instigation or with the express or tacit consent of such persons. No one shall be subjected to torture or to inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment (Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms). This article was prepared by the Institute for Democracy (Moldova) and is funded by the European Union under the EIDHR (European Instrument for Democracy and Human Rights). The views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Union.

The article substantiates a rather conditional classification of administrative and legal violations in publishing, according to which offences are divided into two groups: offences, the objects of which are social relations emerging in the publishing sphere, and offences, the objects of which partially go beyond publishing activities. Special attention is paid to the specificity of administrative violations of the publishing and printing process. The author of the article points out that the articles, introducing liability in the field of publishing activities, apply only to the sphere of mass media publication, and such an important principal component of publishing activities as book publishing currently remains outside the field of legislative regulation. The article pays attention to the fact that, in the absence of a social legislative act regulating publishing activities, the main issues of the publishing of periodic and book production in the Russian Federation are coordinated by the norms of the Law of the Russian Federation "On mass media"; it also emphasises that, despite the fact that the norms of this legal act apply only to the activities of periodicals, in practice, within the compelled filling of the legal vacuum, provisions of this law being also applied in the field of book business. ; В статье обоснована достаточно условная классификация административно-правовых нарушений в издательской деятельности: правонарушения, объектами которых становятся общественные отношения, складывающиеся в издательской сфере, и правонарушения, объекты которых частично выходят за пределы издательской деятельности. Рассмотрена специфика административных нарушений издательско-полиграфического процесса. Аргументирован вывод о том, что статьи, предусматривающие ответственность в области издательской деятельности, распространяются только на сферу издания средства массовой информации, а такая важная основная составляющая издательской деятельности, как книгоиздание, в настоящее время остается вне области законодательного регулирования. Обращено внимание на то, что в отсутствие социального законодательного акта, регулирующего издательскую деятельность, в Российской Федерации основные вопросы издательства периодической и книжной продукции координируются нормами Закона о средствах массовой информации; подчеркнуто, что, несмотря на ограничение сферы распространения норм названного правового акта деятельностью периодических изданий, на практике, в рамках вынужденного заполнения правового вакуума, положения данного закона применяются и в области книжного дела.

The present article deals with some issues of legal assessment of the harm caused by violation of the conditions of the legality of the justifiable defense based on the analysis of the criminal law, scientific interpretations and judicial practice. The author defines the specific features of the liability by violation of such conditions of legality, which are taken into account by the legislator as a sign of the privileged composition, analyses other conditions of the legality of the justifiable defense, which are not the signs of a crime, but relate to the circumstances extenuating the punishment in accordance with Point "zh" of Part 1 of Art. 61 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The analysis of the judicial practice shows that sometimes the courts apply an extensive interpretation of such a term as exceeding the limits of the justifiable defense. In this connection the author offers the conclusion about the peculiarities of a legal assessment by the violation of the conditions of the legality of causing harm depending on whether the violation is related to the permissible extent by the defense of the harm or another legal condition of the legality, that is not related to the extent of the harm caused by reflection of a social dangerous offence, is violated.DOI 10.14258/izvasu(2017)6-10 ; На основании анализа уголовного закона, научных толкований и судебной практики рассматриваются некоторые вопросы правовой оценки причинения вреда при нарушении условий правомерности необходимой обороны. Определяются особенности ответственности при нарушении таких условий правомерности, которые учтены законодателем в качестве признака привилегированного состава. Анализируются иные условия правомерности необходимой обороны, не являющиеся признаками состава преступления, но относящиеся к обстоятельствам, смягчающим наказание в соответствии с п. «ж» ч. 1 ст. 61 Уголовного кодекса Российской Федерации. Анализируется судебная практика, свидетельствующая о том, что иногда суды применяют расширительное толкование такого понятия, как превышение пределов необходимой обороны. В связи с этим предлагается вывод об особенностях правовой оценки нарушения условий правомерности причинения вреда в зависимости от того, связано нарушение с размером допустимого при защите вреда или нарушается иное условие правомерности, не связанное с размером вреда, причиняемого при отражении общественно опасного посягательства.DOI 10.14258/izvasu(2017)6-10

The present study legal analysis of the legal aspects of violations of labor rights of men and citizen in mod-ern Russian criminal law, which is currently, despite the urgency of the problem, little studied area, both from the point of view of the theory and from the practical point of view.

The object of the master's work is public relations that arise in connection with the use of artificial intelligence and possible violations of human rights in the context of the European Convention on Human Rights. The purpose of the work is to study possible violations of human rights in the context of the European Convention on Human Rights in connection with the use of artificial intelligence. The tasks of the master's work: to determine the concept of artificial intelligence and to identify the challenges that makes the application of artificial intelligence; to consider the European Convention on Human Rights as the main instrument for protecting the right to privacy; on the basis of judicial practice to analyse the problem of privacy of personal life, guaranteed by Article 8 of the ECHR, in connection with the use of artificial intelligence. There were used the dialectical method, the methods of formal logic, the comparative legal method, the system method and other methods of cognition. The European Convention on Human Rights establishes human rights and freedoms, obliging each member country that has ratified this agreement to guarantee them. Many governments and regions recognize the fundamental nature of the rights protected by Article 8 of the ECHR. The use of artificial intelligence is fraught with a number of dangers and legal problems. It leads to a narrowing of the sphere of privacy and there's the need to establish at the legislative level the conditions for the limits of its application. The closer AI programs get to human skills – thinking and creativity, the more damage will be done to human rights protected by Art. 8 ECHR. It is necessary to find the right balance between technical development and the protection of human rights.

The object of the master's work is public relations that arise in connection with the use of artificial intelligence and possible violations of human rights in the context of the European Convention on Human Rights. The purpose of the work is to study possible violations of human rights in the context of the European Convention on Human Rights in connection with the use of artificial intelligence. The tasks of the master's work: to determine the concept of artificial intelligence and to identify the challenges that makes the application of artificial intelligence; to consider the European Convention on Human Rights as the main instrument for protecting the right to privacy; on the basis of judicial practice to analyse the problem of privacy of personal life, guaranteed by Article 8 of the ECHR, in connection with the use of artificial intelligence. There were used the dialectical method, the methods of formal logic, the comparative legal method, the system method and other methods of cognition. The European Convention on Human Rights establishes human rights and freedoms, obliging each member country that has ratified this agreement to guarantee them. Many governments and regions recognize the fundamental nature of the rights protected by Article 8 of the ECHR. The use of artificial intelligence is fraught with a number of dangers and legal problems. It leads to a narrowing of the sphere of privacy and there's the need to establish at the legislative level the conditions for the limits of its application. The closer AI programs get to human skills – thinking and creativity, the more damage will be done to human rights protected by Art. 8 ECHR. It is necessary to find the right balance between technical development and the protection of human rights.

The present study legal analysis of the legal aspects of violations of political rights and freedoms of men and citizen in the modern Russian criminal law, which is currently, despite the urgency of the problem, little studied in the direction from the point of view of the theory and from the practical point of view.

The article is dedicated to the analysis of influence of the human rights issue on the development of German-Chinese political relations at the present stage. The author analyses main issues of the Germany- China human rights dialogue, its legal basis, the positions and arguments of the sides. In the author's opinion, one of the main obstacles to the development of cooperation between Germany and China in this area is a different perception of the nature of human rights. The author concludes that both Germany and China in effect are willing to put aside the issue of "human rights violations" and criticism of non-compliance with fundamental civil and political rights of Chinese citizens for the sake of economic and trade cooperation between the two countries.

The article presents a brief overview of India-U.S. relations during the period of Narendra Modi's government and Barack Obama's administration. The author analyzes the dynamics of cooperation development after the victory of Bharatiya Janata Party in the 2014 Parliamentary elections in India and studies the key directions of bilateral agenda. The current condition of India-U.S. strategic dialogue and the influence of human rights issues on the countries' cooperation are characterized.

Since 2014 the states' cooperation has been growing rapidly. The bilateral investment, trade and economic interdependence have significantly increased. Some experts and mass media note that Barack Obama and Narendra Modi are having friendly relations. From a different angle, a number of agreements between countries still remain unaccomplished. For instance, the U.S. support for India's permanent seat in the United Nations Security Council, its accession to APEC and the implementation of nuclear deal have yet to be turned into achievement.

Together with strengthening the bilateral strategic dialogue, the U.S. has intensified the criticism of India's human rights record. The main part of it includes the cases of religious intolerance, which are observed in the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom reports and the remarks given by U.S. lawmakers and official representatives, including the Ambassador to India. Washington's careful attention to the human rights issues and religious violence in particular is one of the major irritants in the U.S.-India relations.

The engagement of Indian Americans in the local U.S. politics and their lobbying efforts in the context of U.S.-India relations are revealed. The author outlines the near-terms perspectives of bilateral cooperation.