Suchergebnisse

Analyzed is the changing impact of products liability risk on individuals, firms, & institutions. Rules of products liability have changed repeatedly through history; currently, lawsuit can be brought under rules of express or implied warranty, strict liability torts, or torts of negligence involving improper design, manufacture, or assembly, failure to test for defects, failure to warn of dangerous characteristics, deceptive advertising, inadequate instructions for use, or failure to foresee possible dangers in product use. Several elements have combined to produce a recent increase in the frequency & severity of such litigation, including new developments in the law, new consciousness of product claims, public concern for product safety, & even the increased number of products in use. Thirteen proposals for reducing the burden of such litigation on society are assessed. Modified HA.

Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) is a government-sponsored microfinance program. The scheme is based on four features: group lending with joint liability, progressive lending, back-ended subsidy, and social capital. We propose a new model of SGSY having these features: group lending with individual liability, progressive lending, back-ended subsidy, and social capital. "Joint liability" clause of the existing model is replaced with individual liability in the new model. The paper shows that problem of adverse selection is removed in both models, i.e. in "SGSY with group lending and joint liability" and "SGSY with group lending and individual liability." The problem of 'moral hazard' is more severe in the existing model of SGSY compared with the proposed model of SGSY. Borrowers are also benefitted from participation in the proposed scheme of SGSY than that in the existing model of SGSY.