Suchergebnisse

In this essay, it is assumed the lack of articulation between translation policies and linguistic policies makes some initiatives conducted in our country invisible. The purpose of this essay is to present and briefly dialogue with different elements that traverse translation and interpretative processes and which constitute topics of interest for translation policies. For this reflection, the contributions of Baker (2006a, 2006b), Tymoczko (2007) and Panda (2013) are presented, with discussions on translation and interpretation, their roles and the policies adopted by different governments. From this debate, an articulated dialogue between translation policies and language policies is suggested. We consider this connection can be a pathway to understand that any action around the language, whether economic, social, cultural or linguistic, generates translation effects. ; Este ensayo parte de la premisa de que la falta de articulación entre políticas de traducción y políticas lingüísticas que no dan visibilidad a algunas iniciativas realizadas en nuestro país. La propuesta es presentar y dialogar de forma sucinta con diferentes elementos que atraviesan los procesos de traducción e interpretativos y que constituyen temas de interés de las políticas de traducción. Para esta reflexión, se recuperan las contribuciones de Baker (2006a, 2006b), Tymoczko (2007) y Panda (2013), las cuales presentan reflexiones acerca de la traducción y la interpretación, el papel que desempeñan y las políticas adoptadas por diversos gobiernos. A partir de este debate, sugerimos un diálogo articulado entre políticas de traducción y políticas lingüísticas. Consideramos que esta conexión puede ser un camino para comprender que toda acción que involucra la lengua, sea económica, social, cultural o lingüística, genera efectos en la traducción. ; Neste ensaio, parte-se do pressuposto de que a falta de articulação entre políticas de tradução e políticas linguísticas torna invisíveis algumas iniciativas realizadas em nosso país. A proposta deste ensaio é apresentar e dialogar de forma sucinta com diferentes elementos que atravessam os processos tradutórios e interpretativos e que constituem temas de interesse das políticas de tradução. Para essa reflexão, recuperam-se as contribuições de Baker (2006a, 2006b), Tymoczko (2007) e Panda (2013), as quais apresentam reflexões sobre a tradução e a interpretação, o papel que elas desempenham e as políticas adotadas por diversos governos. A partir deste debate, sugerimos um diálogo articulado entre políticas de tradução e políticas linguísticas. Consideramos que esta conexão pode ser um caminho para compreender que toda ação em torno da língua, seja ela econômica, social, cultural ou linguística, gera efeitos de cunho tradutório.

Este artigo apresenta o desenvolvimento e os resultados do projeto de pesquisa intitulado "Ser-estar-entre-línguas-culturas: políticas linguísticas e educação de estudantes indígenas em Chapecó/SC". Objetivou realizar a descrição e análise de documentos estaduais e nacionais que produzem políticas linguísticas que afetam a relação dos alunos indígenas com a(s) língua(s) com a(s) qual(is) convive(m). Metodologicamente, foram escolhidos os seguintes documentos para compor nosso gesto interpretativo: A Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988, a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDB) de 1996 e a Proposta Curricular de Santa Catarina (PCSC) de 2014 – a escolha desta se deu por conta do recorte estabelecido pela pesquisa: região de abrangência da Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Campus Chapecó/SC. Do ponto de vista teórico, situamo-nos na Análise de Discurso de orientação francesa, da qual tomamos alguns conceitos como língua, sujeito, memória discursiva e silenciamento. Cabe ressaltar que a metodologia desta pesquisa possuiu um desenho flexível e de base interpretativista. Em face disso, filiamo-nos à concepção de interpretação sob um olhar discursivo, em que se constitui da memória discursiva, abarcando outros dizeres já-ditos e que o sujeito reatualiza em seu discurso. Os resultados apontam para o silenciamento da língua-cultura do indígena que ressoa nos documentos oficiais por meio da voz do branco. Nesse sentido, interpretamos nesses dizeres que há uma rotulação do indígena como sendo o selvagem, o não-civilizado, que necessita passar por um processo de civilização. ; This article presents the development and results of the research project called "Ser-estar-entre-línguasculturas: políticas linguísticas e educação de estudantes indígenas em Chapecó/SC" (Being between language-cultures: linguistic policies and education of indigenous students in Chapecó/SC). The objective was to perform the description and analysis of state and national documents, which produce linguistic politics that affect the relationship between indigenous students and their coexisting language. Methodogically, the following documents were selected in order to produce our analysis: the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil of 1998, the National Education Guidelines and Framework Law (LDB) of 1996 and Proposta Curricular de Santa Catarina (PCSC) (Curricular Proposal of Santa Catarina) of 2014 - the last one being chosen due to the demarcation of this research: the region of Universidade Federal da Fronteira do Sul (UFFS), Chapecó/RS Campus. Our theoretical point of view is based on the French Discursive Analysis, from which we use some concepts as language, subject, discursive memory and muzzling. It is important to emphasize that the methodology of this research has a lenient approach and interpretative basis. Thus, we affiliate to the interpretation concept on a discursive view, in which it constitutes the discursive memory, embracing other speeches previously mentioned and which the subject renews in their speech. The results point to muzzling of the culture-language of the indigenous that resounds in the official documents through the white men's speech. In these terms, we interpret that there is an indigenous labeling as being wild, non-civilized, and needing to go through a civilization process. KEYWORDS: Linguistic Policies; Language; Indigenous Subject; Official Documents.

At the outset, I discuss selected conceptions of world images put forward by philosophers pertaining to human experience and the social construction of reality. Herewith, I am trying to clarify distinctions between appearances and experiences of things in the world and the abilities of humans to construe worlds beyond words, along with their being-in-world, and experiencing their in-the-world existence. Subsequently, I confront some epistemological theories about the complexity of scientific knowledge of the world and its fragmentary perception in psychophysiological cognition. What is relevant for the theme, I present the methods of the lived-through research in dealing with the ideology of promise or threat expressed by leaders of social movements who offer a hope for better worlds which are not here and not now but can be achieved in the future. Lastly, I submit proposals to approach the relationships between world and reality in their hierarchical ordering and semiotic modeling.

The article aims to study the role and importance of an expert and linguistic support of law drafting as a mean of improving the national legislation of Ukraine. The work is based on the application of descriptive, systematic, logical-legal, hermeneutic, statistical, comparative-legal methods of legal research and the method of alternatives. The research materials include normative legal acts regulating the activity of expert and linguistic support of lawmaking in Ukraine, Germany, France, the Czech Republic, and Poland. The circle of the main executors of expert and language support of lawmaking in the specified countries, for the definition of their efficiency according to the Rule of Law Index as an indicator of the quality of the legislation, is allocated. The nature of the influence of expert and linguistic support of lawmaking of the analyzed states and their Rule of Law Indices is established. ; El artículo tiene como objetivo estudiar la importancia de un apoyo experto y lingüístico de la redacción de leyes como medio para mejorar la legislación nacional de Ucrania. Se basa en la aplicación de métodos de investigación jurídica descriptivos, sistemáticos, lógico-jurídicos, hermenéuticos, estadísticos, comparativos-jurídicos y el método de alternativas. Los materiales de investigación incluyen actos jurídicos normativos que regulan la actividad de apoyo pericial y lingüístico de elaboración de leyes en Ucrania, Alemania, Francia, la República Checa y Polonia. Se asigna el círculo de los principales ejecutores del apoyo pericial y lingüístico de la elaboración de leyes en los países especificados, para la definición de su eficacia según el Índice de Estado de Derecho como indicador de la calidad de la legislación. Se establece la naturaleza de la influencia del apoyo experto y lingüístico de la elaboración de leyes de los estados analizados y sus Índices de Estado de Derecho. ; O artigo visa estudar o papel e a importância de um especialista e do apoio linguístico à redação de leis como um meio de melhorar ...

This article aims on reflecting on the teaching process of the English language in Brazil starting from a perspective that contemplates the sociocultural factors and also the linguistic factors that might influence the learning of a foreign language. Weinreich, Labov and Herzog (2006 [1968]) see any linguistic changes as the result of a process of linguistic fit between variables internal to the linguistic system and those external to it (i.e. socioeconomic factors). Issues such as the Brazilian basic education system, proficiency evaluation, use of English with other speakers, and literacy issues can be considered as extralinguistic factors (external to the language, but which exert influence in it) that along with linguistic system factors, such as Interlanguage, can lead Brazilian speakers to develop a "Brazilian English" (in comparison toterms known as "British English" or "American English"), or to use this language as "lingua franca", to ensure that the purpose of any message is passed on.

To define the internal content of the concept "justice", that operates in the Russian linguoculture being a nuclear unit of the conceptual field "guardianship", an interdisciplinary method, incorporating historiographical, ideographic, and introspective methods, has been used. In the Russian linguistic world image, the concept "justice" is the basic component of the concept "guardianship". This concept reflects the idea of guardianship as a social protection of the disadvantaged part of the population in the linguistic consciousness of the Russian people. The linguocultural core of the linguistic world image consists of the concepts verbalized in the consciousness of an individual, forming in it the conceptual frameworks with the subject-specific content. From the linguoculturological point of view, the concept "guardianship" as a form of manifesting mercy in the Russian conceptosphere "Spirituality", represents the idea of social and legal protection based on the idea of moral justice. Justice as an absolute virtue coexists in the society in three forms: moral, legal, and political. ; Aquí el contenido interno del concepto de justicia que funciona en la cultura lingüística rusa y es una unidad nuclear del campo conceptual de cúratela se defina por el método interdisciplinar que incluye tales métodos como historiográfico, ideográfico e introspección. En la imagen lingüística del mundo rusa la noción de justicia es un componente básico del concepto de cúratela. En la mentalidad de la gente rusa este concepto realiza la idea de la cúratela como la protección social para la parte desdichada de la población. El núcleo cultural lingüístico de la imagen lingüística del mundo consiste de conceptos verbalizados en la percepción del indivíduo que forman campos conceptuales con relleno temático. En términos de cultorología lingüística en concepto de cúratela como una manifestación de la espiritualidad en la esfera de conceptos rusa refleja la idea de la protección legal social basada en la idea de la justicia ética. La existencia social de la justicia como una virtud absoluta tiene tres formas, es decir, ética, legal y política. ; Para definir o conteúdo interno do conceito "justiça", que tem funcionado na cultura linguística da Rússia, sendo uma unidade nuclear do campo conceitual "tutela", foi empregado um método interdisciplinar, que incorpora os métodos historiográficos, ideográficos e introspetivos. O conceito "justiça" é uma componente básica do conceito "tutela" na visão linguística russa de mundo. Este conceito realiza uma ideia de tutela, como uma proteção social das populações empobrecidas, na consciência linguística dos russos. O núcleo linguístico e cultural da imagem linguística do mundo inclui os conceitos verbalizados na consciência de pessoa, que formam nela uns campos conceituais com conteúdos temáticos. Do ponto de observação linguístico e culturológico, o conceito "tutela" como uma forma de manifestação de misericórdia no enquadramento conceptual russo "Espiritualidade" é um reflexo da ideia de proteção social e jurídica, baseada na ideia de justiça moral. Três formas de justiça, como uma virtude absoluta, coexistem na sociedade: moral, jurídica e política.

The extraterritorial scope of European Union's (EU) data protection law has been a controversial issue since the adoption of Directive 95/46/EC. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) partially restructures the terms of the extraterritorial reach of EU data protection law and introduces new elements to an old debate. This contribution seeks to address one of those elements, concerning a linguistic ambivalence found in Article 3 (2) of the GDPR, and stress the practical consequences that emerge from this conundrum. ; O âmbito de aplicação extraterritorial do regime de proteção de dados pessoais da União Europeia (UE) é um tema controverso desde a adoção da Diretiva 95/46/EC. O Regulamento Geral de Proteção de Dados (RGPD) altera parcialmente aquele âmbito e introduzlhe novos elementos. Este texto procura abordar um desses elementos, relacionado com a divergência em torno do artigo 3.º, n.º 2 do RGPD e enfatizar as consequências práticas do enigma criado pela mesma.

The political emancipation of the state of Tocantins, Brazil, occurred 28 years ago, The state is characterized by linguistic varieties due to the intense migratory flow of people hailing mainly from neighboring states of Maranhão, Piauí, Bahia and Pará. Porto Nacional, Pedro Afonso and Natividade, founded on the former northern region of the state of Goiás, are the towns with the highest number of immigrants. In fact, they are relevant historical places formed by autochthonous people and immigrants. Since the above-mentioned towns present important variation aspects of the spoken Portuguese language in Tocantins, current study identifies and analyzes rhotic pronunciation, graphematically represented by /R/ as a syllabic coda, in the three mentioned towns. Survey was undertaken with 24 topodynamic and topostatic informants distributed by gender and age. A segment of the questionnaire with 25 questions collected from the project "Topodynamic and Topostatic Linguistic Atlas of the State of Tocantins (ALiTTETO)"is investigated.

This is a personal appreciation of the evolution of colloquialisms in the Portuguese Creole that is spoken in Cape Verde & Guinea-Bissau. A new word, or an old word that is given new life by common speech, can make for interesting linguistic discoveries, with an evolving & changing set of meanings. The article gives examples of how the meaning of Portuguese Creole colloquialisms shifts within different contexts. The work of Primo Levi & Carlos No is cited in order to further contextualize the reverberations in meaning for certain colloquialism, meanings of which the Portuguese Creole speakers may themselves be unaware. Parallels are also drawn between these linguistic phenomena in Portuguese Creole & similar linguistic phenomena in Spanish & English. R. Young

The examination of the inserted nsumwinu (singular - Kasumwinu), in the lyrics of popular songs in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), reveals hidden roles that are both musical and linguistic. Musically, the compositional technique of the melodic contour is derived from the observation of the semantic level of the language represented by the sequential pattern of tones on words that compose the kasumwinu. Linguistically, this sequential pattern of tones that determines the meaning of the word, must be faithfully observed in the music's compositional process of the basic melodic contour, i.e., the linguistic tones dictate the direction of musical intervals, leaving the decision of the size of the interval to the creative discretion of the composer.1 This essay will reveal the linguistic significance and role of nsumwinu, in the urban music of the DRC, and to conclude that they provide the musical flexibility without altering the overall meaning of their intended message. ; The examination of the inserted nsumwinu (singular - Kasumwinu), in the lyrics of popular songs in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), reveals hidden roles that are both musical and linguistic. Musically, the compositional technique of the melodic contour is derived from the observation of the semantic level of the language represented by the sequential pattern of tones on words that compose the kasumwinu. Linguistically, this sequential pattern of tones that determines the meaning of the word, must be faithfully observed in the music's compositional process of the basic melodic contour, i.e., the linguistic tones dictate the direction of musical intervals, leaving the decision of the size of the interval to the creative discretion of the composer.1 This essay will reveal the linguistic significance and role of nsumwinu, in the urban music of the DRC, and to conclude that they provide the musical flexibility without altering the overall meaning of their intended message.

From a conception of philosophy that breaks with the philosophical tradition, Wittgenstein presents a human being perspective that surpasses the classic dichotomy between body and soul, legacy by Modernity, when thinking of it as an integrated whole, a psychophysical unit. This understanding is possible thanks to the understanding of philosophy as an activity and not as a theory. At first, the philosopher understood that this activity was limited to the logical analysis of language; however, considering the insufficient approach to dissolve philosophical problems, he gradually adopts the grammatical analysis of ordinary language, which turns to the uses of linguistic expressions, in order to identify the rules that guide the use of words with meaning. And so, attentive to linguistic practices, he understands that the human being is not divided into parts, but, on the contrary, that body and soul constitute a single reality. What is internal to the subject (the soul) becomes visible through the external (the body) from its behavior in the world, and this is how the human being can be understood according to Wittgenstein. Considering that the Wittgensteinian conception of human being is an offshoot of his concept of philosophy, the article first presents the development of his understanding of philosophy to then detail the concept of human being that constitutes and is understood through the language itself.