Suchergebnisse

Da für den Zeitraum von 1850-1880 Manuskripte der Volkszählung zur Verfügung stehen, in denen jeder Einwohner der USA mit sozioökonomischen und demographischen Merkmalen aufgeführt wird, ist diese Zeit zum Brennpunkt für die Rekonstruktion von individuellen Lebensläufen geworden. Mit Hilfe der Datenverkettung werden diese Längsschnitt-Daten gesammelt. Die Untersuchung wurde auf der Ebene von Fallstudien durchgeführt, wobei die Individuen longitudinal durch die Manuskripte verfolgt wurden. Lokaler Schwerpunkt ist die Stadt Philadelphia. Die Verfasser gehen auf ihre Methode der Datenverkettung und methodische Probleme ein. Am Beispiel des Philadelphia Social History Project werden die einzelnen Schritte bei der Datenverkettung, nämlich die Spezifizierung des Vergleichsraums und die Anwendung eines Soundex Coding Systems, der Vergleich der Datenpaare, sowie die Spezifizierung der Entscheidungsregel als letztem Schritt der Datenverkettung und das Problem der Überrepräsentation von Personen mit selten vorkommenden Namen erläutert. Abschließend werden einige der vorläufigen Ergebnisse des Philadelphia Social History Projects zusammengefaßt. (SD)

"Record linkage is used for preparing sampling frames, deduplication of lists and combining information on the same object from two different databases. If the identifiers of the same objects in two different databases have error free unique common identifiers like personal identification numbers (PID), record linkage is a simple file merge operation. If the identifiers contain errors, record linkage is a challenging task. In many applications, the files have widely different numbers of observations, for example a few thousand records of a sample survey and a few million records of an administrative database of social security numbers. Available software, privacy issues and future research topics are discussed." [author's abstract]

Trade and the environment. Trade and workers' rights. Trade and competition policy. Trade and eighteen million tiny feet. It begins to resemble a question from an IQ test: which of the preceding pairs of issues does not fit? Increasingly, it seems there is no pairing with trade for which some argument cannot be made. The "trade and …" industry is booming.

Background The great benefits of linking health datasets for research in the public interest have long been demonstrated. More recently, we are seeing an increase in the availability of wider administrative data, such as employment, education and housing, to add new opportunities for population data science. However, there are challenges to be overcome in selecting a data linkage approach.
Main Aim We set out to examine various data linkage approaches, and to formulate some high level questions to inform decision-making.
Methods We used published literature to review various data linkage methods in theory and in practical settings. The study was commissioned by the UK Government Statistical Service and a key focus was privacy and confidentiality in data linkage.
Results The questions we formulated are based on: Legislative position; Information systems; Nature of datasets; Knowledge-base; Aims and purposes; Ground truth; and Environment.
Conclusion There are many factors influencing the selection of a data linkage approach. While not exhaustive, our set of questions covers some of the major ones. The findings of the study are being taken forward by UK Government Statistical Service and government departments to inform decision-making on options for data linkage research and the greater availability of their datasets.

In this article, the author extends the basic repeated prisoners' dilemma to allow for the linkage of punishment strategies across issues (issue linkage) as well as decentralized third-party enforcement (player linkage). The concepts of issue and player linkage are then synthesized to develop the notion of domestic-international linkage, which connects trigger strategy punishments across games played over different issues by different sets of players. In a two-level game, domestic and international cooperation may be reinforced by a punishment linkage; a defection in the domestic game may trigger a breakdown of international cooperation and vice versa. The author also examines the conditions under which the incentives to cooperate are stronger at the domestic level than at the international level and vice versa. With domestic-international linkage, the credibility surplus on one level spills over to offset the credibility deficit on the other level. Finally, the author provides conditions under which governments are better off delinking domestic and international issues.

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