Suchergebnisse

International audience ; The activity of merchants crisscrossing the mediterranean Sea from West to East has since the early decades of the twentieth century attracted the attention of historians. The analysis of literary and epigraphic sources shows that the presence of Italians in the Eastern increased significantly from the second century BC. The last two centuries of the Republic are also marked by the implementation by Rome of a hegemonic policy in the East. The discovery in many sites in this region, amphoras produced on the Adriatic and the Tyrrhenian coast of Italy tends to support the hypothesis of the constitution of commercial networks for export to the East, of italian agricultural products, wine and oil primarily. In Lycia, the city of Xanthos has delivered ceramics assemblages associated with the fill related to a portico bordering the Roman Agora on the site. These level was composed of aegean and italic amphoras. This archaeological context gives the opportunity to insert Xanthos and widely Lycia in marketing italics products networks that hit the eastern part of the Mediterranean to the second and first centuries BC. ; L'activité des marchands au long cours sillonnant l'espace méditerranéen d'Ouest en Est a depuis les premières décennies du XXe siècle suscité l'intérêt des historiens. L'analyse des sources littéraires et épigraphiques montre que la présence des Italiens dans le bassin oriental de la Méditerranée s'est notablement accrue à partir du IIe siècle av. notre ère. Les deux derniers siècles de la République sont également marqués par la mise en œuvre par Rome d'une politique hégémonique en Orient. La découverte, dans de nombreux sites de cette région, d'amphores produites sur la façade adriatique et sur la côte tyrrhénienne de l'Italie tend à étayer l'hypothèse de la constitution de réseaux commerciaux destinés à l'exportation vers l'est des denrées agricoles italiennes, vin et huile prioritairement. La cité de Xanthos a livré un ensemble de mobiliers céramiques associé aux remblais de ...

International audience ; The activity of merchants crisscrossing the mediterranean Sea from West to East has since the early decades of the twentieth century attracted the attention of historians. The analysis of literary and epigraphic sources shows that the presence of Italians in the Eastern increased significantly from the second century BC. The last two centuries of the Republic are also marked by the implementation by Rome of a hegemonic policy in the East. The discovery in many sites in this region, amphoras produced on the Adriatic and the Tyrrhenian coast of Italy tends to support the hypothesis of the constitution of commercial networks for export to the East, of italian agricultural products, wine and oil primarily. In Lycia, the city of Xanthos has delivered ceramics assemblages associated with the fill related to a portico bordering the Roman Agora on the site. These level was composed of aegean and italic amphoras. This archaeological context gives the opportunity to insert Xanthos and widely Lycia in marketing italics products networks that hit the eastern part of the Mediterranean to the second and first centuries BC. ; L'activité des marchands au long cours sillonnant l'espace méditerranéen d'Ouest en Est a depuis les premières décennies du XXe siècle suscité l'intérêt des historiens. L'analyse des sources littéraires et épigraphiques montre que la présence des Italiens dans le bassin oriental de la Méditerranée s'est notablement accrue à partir du IIe siècle av. notre ère. Les deux derniers siècles de la République sont également marqués par la mise en œuvre par Rome d'une politique hégémonique en Orient. La découverte, dans de nombreux sites de cette région, d'amphores produites sur la façade adriatique et sur la côte tyrrhénienne de l'Italie tend à étayer l'hypothèse de la constitution de réseaux commerciaux destinés à l'exportation vers l'est des denrées agricoles italiennes, vin et huile prioritairement. La cité de Xanthos a livré un ensemble de mobiliers céramiques associé aux remblais de construction d'un portique bordant l'agora romaine du site, composé notamment d'un lot d'amphores égéennes et italiques. Cet assemblage permet d'insérer Xanthos et plus largement la Lycie dans les réseaux de commercialisation des produits italiques qui ont touché le bassin oriental de la Méditerranée aux IIe et Ier siècles avant notre ère.

The study examines the friezes of the Heroon of Trysa in context of Lycian culture and society and interprets the selection of the picture themes. In a very exceptional way the friezes visualize Greek, Lycian and Persian subjects and contents which characterize the world of the Lycians and meet the requirements of the tomb owner. The first part of the publication includes an introduction, the status of research, typological and iconographical analysis of the friezes, chapters on the style, the interpretation of the Heroon, and a catalogue, including description and technical information on the friezes and bibliographical abbrevations.The first part of the 2-volume publication includes an introduction, the status of research, typological and iconographical analysis of the friezes, chapters on the style, the interpretation of the Heroon, and a catalogue, including description and technical information on the friezes, and bibliographical abbreviations.
http://e-book.fwf.ac.at/o:874
The second part includes images, supplements, tables, lists of images
http://e-book.fwf.ac.at/o:875 - In der vorliegenden Studie werden die Friese des Heroons von Trysa im Kontext der Kultur und Gesellschaft der Lykier untersucht und Fragen zu der Auswahl des Bildprogramms neu interpretiert, das mit griechischen, lykischen und auch persischen Themen und Inhalten die Lebenswelt der Lykier in so charakteristischer Weise visualisiert und den Wünschen und Vorstellungen des Grabherrn gerecht wird. Der erste Band umfasst die Einleitung, Forschungsgeschichte, die typologische und ikonographische Analyse der Friese, die Kapitel zum Stil und zur Interpretation des Heroons von Trysa, sowie den Katalog mit der Beschreibung der Figurenfriese und das Abkürzungsverzeichnis.

Древняя Ликия представляет собой уникальный регион Малой Азии, активно развивавшийся в контексте весьма интенсивного культурно-политического диалога. Данное обстоятельство оказало существенное влияние на социально-политическое развитие Юго-Западной Анатолии, во многом обусловив специфику ликийского общества и государственности, для которых было характерно сочетание автохтонных и заимствованных элементов. Со времени персидского завоевания в Ликии устанавливается весьма специфическая политическая модель (династическая система). Наиболее влиятельными были два политических центра – Лимира и Ксанф, которые управлялись представителями местной знати – династами, чья власть носила родовой характер и передавалась по наследству. В образах ликийских династов присутствуют элементы, характерные как для персидской, так и для греческой традиции. ; Lycians were an important part of the Greek and the Near Eastern worlds, living at the point where two cultures intermingled. After the Persian conquest of Xanthos, Lycia underwent some remarkable changes. According to the archaeological, numismatic and epigraphic evidence, at the beginning of the fifth century there existed a political structure based on a number of leaders (dynasts). The Persian desire for a stable vassal state may have led them to supporting the central Xanthian monarchy. Greek political ideas also filtered into this area.

The study examines the friezes of the Heroon of Trysa in context of Lycian culture and society and interprets the selection of the picture themes. In a very exceptional way the friezes visualize Greek, Lycian and Persian subjects and contents which characterize the world of the Lycians and meet the requirements of the tomb owner. The second part includes images, supplements, tables, and lists of images.The first part of the 2-volume publication includes an introduction, the status of research, typological and iconographical analysis of the friezes, chapters on the style, the interpretation of the Heroon, and a catalogue, including description and technical information on the friezes, and bibliographical abbreviations.
http://e-book.fwf.ac.at/o:874
The second part includes images, supplements, tables, lists of images
http://e-book.fwf.ac.at/o:875 - In der vorliegenden Studie werden die Friese des Heroons von Trysa im Kontext der Kultur und Gesellschaft der Lykier untersucht und Fragen zu der Auswahl des Bildprogramms neu interpretiert, das mit griechischen, lykischen und auch persischen Themen und Inhalten die Lebenswelt der Lykier in so charakteristischer Weise visualisiert und den Wünschen und Vorstellungen des Grabherrn gerecht wird. Der zweite Band beinhaltet die Abbildungen, die Beilagen, Tabellen sowie die Abbildungsverzeichnisse.

The aim of this study is to analyse the images, the representations and idiom of those in power in Cappadocia at the time of the iron age. We hope to demonstrate that the ideology, practices and propaganda of these rulers can be examined and fully understood in a context characterized by both strong permanences from the hittite imperial past and important changes. The study is divided into six parts. The first one deals with the external sources (biblical, Urartian and Assyrian) and reviews the situation in terms of historical geography and geopolitics. The second presents the internal epigraphic and iconographic sources while proposing several new datations. The third section is devoted to a panorama, which we hope to be complete, of the society, the urbanization, the religion and the various rulers of our area. The fourth shows that the images (political and religious iconography) and the phraseology (topical, « royal» anthroponymy, annalistic formulas) used by those in power revolve around three elements : mountain and rock, vine and cereals, fair justice and « good government ». After a fifth part that centers on an examination over a long period of the iconography, the open air rock sanctuaries and the archeology of the cappadocian landscapes, the last section contextualizes our research in different koiné, seen as a meeting point between east and west, producing and absorbing various elements (commercial products, symbols, politcal titles and anthroponyms) and spreading them over the East (Assyria and the neo-hittite, Aramaic, Urartians and Phoenicians) and the West (Phrygia, Lycia, and the Greek and Lydian worlds). ; Ce travail se propose d'analyser les images et les langages des pouvoirs en Cappadoce à l'âge du fer. Il vise à démontrer que l'idéologie, les pratiques et les propagandes des pouvoirs peuvent s'analyser et se comprendre entre de fortes permanences par rapport au passé hittite impérial d'une part, et d'autre part d'importantes mutations. L'étude procède selon six parties. La première étudie ...

The aim of this study is to analyse the images, the representations and idiom of those in power in Cappadocia at the time of the iron age. We hope to demonstrate that the ideology, practices and propaganda of these rulers can be examined and fully understood in a context characterized by both strong permanences from the hittite imperial past and important changes. The study is divided into six parts. The first one deals with the external sources (biblical, Urartian and Assyrian) and reviews the situation in terms of historical geography and geopolitics. The second presents the internal epigraphic and iconographic sources while proposing several new datations. The third section is devoted to a panorama, which we hope to be complete, of the society, the urbanization, the religion and the various rulers of our area. The fourth shows that the images (political and religious iconography) and the phraseology (topical, « royal» anthroponymy, annalistic formulas) used by those in power revolve around three elements : mountain and rock, vine and cereals, fair justice and « good government ». After a fifth part that centers on an examination over a long period of the iconography, the open air rock sanctuaries and the archeology of the cappadocian landscapes, the last section contextualizes our research in different koiné, seen as a meeting point between east and west, producing and absorbing various elements (commercial products, symbols, politcal titles and anthroponyms) and spreading them over the East (Assyria and the neo-hittite, Aramaic, Urartians and Phoenicians) and the West (Phrygia, Lycia, and the Greek and Lydian worlds). ; Ce travail se propose d'analyser les images et les langages des pouvoirs en Cappadoce à l'âge du fer. Il vise à démontrer que l'idéologie, les pratiques et les propagandes des pouvoirs peuvent s'analyser et se comprendre entre de fortes permanences par rapport au passé hittite impérial d'une part, et d'autre part d'importantes mutations. L'étude procède selon six parties. La première étudie ...

The aim of this study is to analyse the images, the representations and idiom of those in power in Cappadocia at the time of the iron age. We hope to demonstrate that the ideology, practices and propaganda of these rulers can be examined and fully understood in a context characterized by both strong permanences from the hittite imperial past and important changes. The study is divided into six parts. The first one deals with the external sources (biblical, Urartian and Assyrian) and reviews the situation in terms of historical geography and geopolitics. The second presents the internal epigraphic and iconographic sources while proposing several new datations. The third section is devoted to a panorama, which we hope to be complete, of the society, the urbanization, the religion and the various rulers of our area. The fourth shows that the images (political and religious iconography) and the phraseology (topical, « royal» anthroponymy, annalistic formulas) used by those in power revolve around three elements : mountain and rock, vine and cereals, fair justice and « good government ». After a fifth part that centers on an examination over a long period of the iconography, the open air rock sanctuaries and the archeology of the cappadocian landscapes, the last section contextualizes our research in different koiné, seen as a meeting point between east and west, producing and absorbing various elements (commercial products, symbols, politcal titles and anthroponyms) and spreading them over the East (Assyria and the neo-hittite, Aramaic, Urartians and Phoenicians) and the West (Phrygia, Lycia, and the Greek and Lydian worlds). ; Ce travail se propose d'analyser les images et les langages des pouvoirs en Cappadoce à l'âge du fer. Il vise à démontrer que l'idéologie, les pratiques et les propagandes des pouvoirs peuvent s'analyser et se comprendre entre de fortes permanences par rapport au passé hittite impérial d'une part, et d'autre part d'importantes mutations. L'étude procède selon six parties. La première étudie ...

The aim of this study is to analyse the images, the representations and idiom of those in power in Cappadocia at the time of the iron age. We hope to demonstrate that the ideology, practices and propaganda of these rulers can be examined and fully understood in a context characterized by both strong permanences from the hittite imperial past and important changes. The study is divided into six parts. The first one deals with the external sources (biblical, Urartian and Assyrian) and reviews the situation in terms of historical geography and geopolitics. The second presents the internal epigraphic and iconographic sources while proposing several new datations. The third section is devoted to a panorama, which we hope to be complete, of the society, the urbanization, the religion and the various rulers of our area. The fourth shows that the images (political and religious iconography) and the phraseology (topical, « royal» anthroponymy, annalistic formulas) used by those in power revolve around three elements : mountain and rock, vine and cereals, fair justice and « good government ». After a fifth part that centers on an examination over a long period of the iconography, the open air rock sanctuaries and the archeology of the cappadocian landscapes, the last section contextualizes our research in different koiné, seen as a meeting point between east and west, producing and absorbing various elements (commercial products, symbols, politcal titles and anthroponyms) and spreading them over the East (Assyria and the neo-hittite, Aramaic, Urartians and Phoenicians) and the West (Phrygia, Lycia, and the Greek and Lydian worlds). ; Ce travail se propose d'analyser les images et les langages des pouvoirs en Cappadoce à l'âge du fer. Il vise à démontrer que l'idéologie, les pratiques et les propagandes des pouvoirs peuvent s'analyser et se comprendre entre de fortes permanences par rapport au passé hittite impérial d'une part, et d'autre part d'importantes mutations. L'étude procède selon six parties. La première étudie ...

The aim of this study is to analyse the images, the representations and idiom of those in power in Cappadocia at the time of the iron age. We hope to demonstrate that the ideology, practices and propaganda of these rulers can be examined and fully understood in a context characterized by both strong permanences from the hittite imperial past and important changes. The study is divided into six parts. The first one deals with the external sources (biblical, Urartian and Assyrian) and reviews the situation in terms of historical geography and geopolitics. The second presents the internal epigraphic and iconographic sources while proposing several new datations. The third section is devoted to a panorama, which we hope to be complete, of the society, the urbanization, the religion and the various rulers of our area. The fourth shows that the images (political and religious iconography) and the phraseology (topical, « royal» anthroponymy, annalistic formulas) used by those in power revolve around three elements : mountain and rock, vine and cereals, fair justice and « good government ». After a fifth part that centers on an examination over a long period of the iconography, the open air rock sanctuaries and the archeology of the cappadocian landscapes, the last section contextualizes our research in different koiné, seen as a meeting point between east and west, producing and absorbing various elements (commercial products, symbols, politcal titles and anthroponyms) and spreading them over the East (Assyria and the neo-hittite, Aramaic, Urartians and Phoenicians) and the West (Phrygia, Lycia, and the Greek and Lydian worlds). ; Ce travail se propose d'analyser les images et les langages des pouvoirs en Cappadoce à l'âge du fer. Il vise à démontrer que l'idéologie, les pratiques et les propagandes des pouvoirs peuvent s'analyser et se comprendre entre de fortes permanences par rapport au passé hittite impérial d'une part, et d'autre part d'importantes mutations. L'étude procède selon six parties. La première étudie ...

The aim of this study is to analyse the images, the representations and idiom of those in power in Cappadocia at the time of the iron age. We hope to demonstrate that the ideology, practices and propaganda of these rulers can be examined and fully understood in a context characterized by both strong permanences from the hittite imperial past and important changes. The study is divided into six parts. The first one deals with the external sources (biblical, Urartian and Assyrian) and reviews the situation in terms of historical geography and geopolitics. The second presents the internal epigraphic and iconographic sources while proposing several new datations. The third section is devoted to a panorama, which we hope to be complete, of the society, the urbanization, the religion and the various rulers of our area. The fourth shows that the images (political and religious iconography) and the phraseology (topical, « royal» anthroponymy, annalistic formulas) used by those in power revolve around three elements : mountain and rock, vine and cereals, fair justice and « good government ». After a fifth part that centers on an examination over a long period of the iconography, the open air rock sanctuaries and the archeology of the cappadocian landscapes, the last section contextualizes our research in different koiné, seen as a meeting point between east and west, producing and absorbing various elements (commercial products, symbols, politcal titles and anthroponyms) and spreading them over the East (Assyria and the neo-hittite, Aramaic, Urartians and Phoenicians) and the West (Phrygia, Lycia, and the Greek and Lydian worlds). ; Ce travail se propose d'analyser les images et les langages des pouvoirs en Cappadoce à l'âge du fer. Il vise à démontrer que l'idéologie, les pratiques et les propagandes des pouvoirs peuvent s'analyser et se comprendre entre de fortes permanences par rapport au passé hittite impérial d'une part, et d'autre part d'importantes mutations. L'étude procède selon six parties. La première étudie ...

The article summarises the results of a survey conducted in the city of Neisa in the mountains in central Lycia in 2009. An overview of Neisa's history and remains is followed by the pre­sen­tation of eight new inscriptions with commentary. Coins from the 2nd cent. BCE pro­­vide the earliest evidence of Neisa as an autonomous polis. The city retained its polis status into the early Prin­cipate, as is shown by inscription no. 2. According to the Stadiasmus Patarensis, Neisa was a mem­ber of the Lycian League, at the latest around the time when the province was founded, and was linked to Xanthos, Choma and Phellos by road. Although epigraphic and archaeological eviden­ce attests to a rise in Neisa's prosperity in the age of the An­to­nines, the city had seen its heyday in the late second and early third centuries CE. The descen­dants of Diogenes II. were the leading family of Neisa and, in the closing years of the 2nd cent. CE, the first Neisans to receive Roman citizenship. The Notitiae Episcopatuum attests the existence of the city until the 12th cent. CE as a sub­ordinate diocese of Myra. The city's most important extant monuments are the Hellenistic city wall, which was extended in a later period, the theatre, three baths and some burial sites. The cobbled main street in the southern part of the urban area is particularly well preserved and probably doubled as stadium; it was also provided with a stoa. Two new inscriptions from the early Principate furnish the first epigraphic evidence of the city's history: Inscription no. 1 hints at a sanctuary dedicated to Augustus, while inscription no. 2 mentions repair work in baths, financed by donations from the city's elite. Inscription no. 3 was set up in honour of Iulia Domna Augusta; nos. 4‒6 honour Diogenes II. and his descen­dants. From no. 4 we learn the public offices held by Dio­ge­nes II., whose sons, Diogenes III. and Dionysos I., were the first citizens of Neisa to attain the fe­deral priesthood. Diogenes II. had held the most important public offices in ...