Раскрыто значение средств массовой коммуникации как инструмента реализации и оптимизации политико-символического производства. Установлены факторы, которые определяют особенности влияния масс-медиа на формирование, транслирование и инспирирование в общественное сознание продуктов политико-символического производства. ; Disclosed value of mass communication as a tool of implementation and optimization of political and symbolic production. Set the factors that determine the peculiarities of the influence of mass media on the formation, broadcast and inspiration in the public consciousness products political-symbolic production. ; Раскрыто значение средств массовой коммуникации как инструмента реализации и оптимизации политико-символического производства. Установлены факторы, которые определяют особенности влияния масс-медиа на формирование, транслирование и инспирирование в общественное сознание продуктов политико-символического производства.
Гуз О. П. - старший викладач кафедри романських мов та інтерлінгвістики Східноєвропейського національного університету імені Лесі Українки ; У статті аналізуються основні лексичні засоби вираження агресії у сучасному французькому масмедійному політичному дискурсі. Розглянуто особливості вживання негативно-оцінної лексики на матеріалі виступів провідних політичних діячів Франції. The article deals with the main lexical means of expressing aggression in the modern French mass-media discourse. The peculiarities of the use of negative-evaluative vocabulary based on the speeches of leading politicians of France have been investigated.
Автором розглядається роль засобів масової комунікації в сучасних демократичних суспільствах. Увага акцентується на появi нового засобу політичної комунікації – електронного уряду. Дослiдження мiстить характеристику змін публічного сектора, якi викликають до життя ініціативу електронного урядування, а також мережу його застосування та роль як відкритої платформи соціальної політичної активності. ; Автором рассматривается роль средств массовой коммуникации в современныхдемократических обществах. Внимание акцентируется на появлении нового средства политической коммуникации – электронного правительства. Описаны и характеризованы изменения публичного сектора, вызывающие к жизни инициативу электронного правительства, а так же сеть его применения и роль как открытой платформы социальной политической активности. ; The article presents the role of mass media in contemporary democratic societies which are changing now because of the information technologies' progress, in particular Internet. The main goal of this article is to analyze electronic government as a new stage of media development and effective mechanism of political realization.Investigation is based upon the conception of information society, where media monopolize a circulation of the information and regulate people's activity. On this stage new technologies change the paradigm of public development. Hard bureaucratic system shifts to more flexible and effective one.New social web is built on the web of horizontal contacts where the main goal is to satisfy people'sneeds.In this modern environment a new mean of political communication – electronic government, which is established upon the paradigm of new participatory democracy, appears. Those shifts in public sector which cause to life e-government initiative as a media channel of new generation are examined in the article.As a result, the web of e-government and its role as an open platform of social political activity is presented in this work. It is described as a new channel of political communication which gives actors an opportunity to use Internet as a free space for a wide variety of activity. The web of electronic government is shown here as a most effective way to share ideas, develop an initiative and get a support from the government. For politics as a sphere of people's public activity and a competition for power electronic government becomes absolutely new channel of communication. It works successfully in more than 50 countries in the world connecting society with governments and their tools of problems solving. As an open space of informational exchange e-government becomes a new media which is based upon the principles of electronic democracy and participatory democracy. E-government proved its advantages over other communication means and became a worldwide tendency.
The problems and prospects of co-operations of the state and mass media the way of development of democratic co-operation in the conditions of democracy are examined. Accented attention on actions and influence of the modern state within the limits of public sphere. Analyzed going near creation of the system of public mass media within the limits of the democratic political system ; Рассматриваются проблемы и перспективы взаимодействия державт и СМК в умавах демократии. Акцентировано внимание на действиях и влиянии современного государства в пределах публичной сферы. Проанализированы подходы к созданию системы общественных СМК в пределах демократической политической системы ; Розглядаються проблеми та перспективи взаємодії державт та ЗМК в умавах демократії. Акцентована увага на діях та впливі сучасної держави в межах публічної сфери. Проаналізовані підходи до створення системи громадських ЗМК в межах демократичної політичної системи
У часи розбудови демократії аналіз полілогу має гостру актуальність. В даній статі розглянуто соціально-психологічні засади полілогічного (діалогічного) спілкування. Відзначено такі типи полілогу як суб'єктно-суб'єктний, суб'єктно-об'єктний та об'єктно-об'єктний. Надані приклади полілогів, у процесі яких можна спостерігати явища психічного зараження, навіювання та наслідування, які також розгортають потенціал суб'єктно-об'єктних стосунків. ; During the democracy formation the analysis of polylogue is very actual. Social and psychological aspects of polylogic and dialogic communication are considered. Such types of polylogue as subject-subject, subject-object and object-object are determined. The examples of polylogues during which the phenomena of mental infection, suggestion and succession can be observed are given and they also reveal the potential of object-object relationships.
Ethnic stereotypes show by itself the emotional simplified presentatives of person or groups in relation to there of that or ethnic association. They determine liking and arise up in the process of interethnic communication. In the offered article an author analyses the features of forming and ways of distribution negative ethnic stereotypes, and also possible consequences of their influence on a social behavior. Research of this phenomenon also allows to defines the level of national tolerance in poliethnic society.Formation and mass distribution of negative psychological settings, stereotypes and attitudes complicates communication, facilitating the spread of xenophobia and ethnic bias, causing (or exacerbating existing) conflicts of ethnic violence. Thus, the study of the formation and effects of ethnic stereotypes, the dynamics of national tolerance level, is one of the key scientific problems, especially in multi-ethnic society.The purpose of the article is in learning the basic ways and peculiarities of negative ethnic stereotypes (for example, the field of ethnic states) and the level of their impact on international relations.So, try to determine what factors contribute to the formation, distribution and consolidation in the mass consciousness of negative ethnic stereotypes that, in fact, are the product of interethnic interaction. First, is the action mechanism of historical memory.Another factor, that contributes to the formation of negative stereotypes, a growing number of illegal immigrants.Mean while increased migration of a large number of ethnic diasporas in Ukraine and the lack of effective mechanisms of social and cultural integration generate another problem: the growth of so-called «ethnic crime».More danger is increasing and promoting far-right radical ideas.As you can see, the nature of interethnic relations and the level of their conflictogenic depends not only on the characteristics of political, socio-economic and other systems, but also on the level of intercultural communication. Some ethnic groups are permanently at risk - is the object of xenophobia or discrimination. ; Етнічні стереотипи являють собою спрощене, емоційне уявлення особи або групи щодо представників тієї або іншої етнічної спільноти. Вони визначають симпатії та антипатії, що виникають в процесі міжетнічної комунікації. У запропонованій статті автор аналізує особливості формування та шляхи розповсюдження негативних етнічних стереотипів, а також наслідки їх впливу на соціальну поведінку. Дослідження цього явища дозволяє також визначити рівень національної толерантності в поліетнічному суспільстві.
Розповідається про особливості створення та функціонування україномовних окупаційних засобів масової інформації, які видавалися гітлерівською Німеччиною на Волині у 1941−1944 рр. Простежується чіткий взаємозв'язок між возвеличенням перемог Третього Рейху під час наступів його армій на Східному фронті на початковій стадії Великої Вітчизняної війни та зменшенням рівня інформованості читачів у час, коли вермахт почав відступати до колишнього радянсько-німецького кордону. The article deals with the description of the foundation and functioning of the Ukrainian mass media means issued by Germany in the Volyn Region in 1941−1944 during the period of its occupation by Hitler. A special attention has been paid to the study of the obvious correlation between the praise of the third Reich during the attacks of its Army on the Eastern front at the beginning of the Great Patriotic War and the decrease of the informative activities among the readers during the time when the Reich began its march back to the former Soviet-German border.
Суспільно-політичний контент на провідних недержавних телеканалах України має свої особливості, оскільки формується в умовах сучасного медіаринку. Особливу увагу сьогодні привертає проблема якості телевізійного продукту, а також незахищеність вітчизняного телепростору та його здатність піддаватися впливу – в першу чергу, з боку сусідньої Росії. ; В данной статье рассмотрены особенности формирования общественно-политического контента на ведущих телеканалах Украины в условиях современного медиарынка и их влияние на соответствующие целевые аудитории. Особенное внимание уделяется проблемам качества телевизионного продукта, а также незащищенности отечественного телепространства и егоспособность поддаваться влиянию – в первую очередь, со стороны соседней России. ; The global process which conduced the appearance of new information and net technologies, made great changes in the political and social life of the world. Bur growing technical opportunities didn't displace such important kind of mass-media as Television. TV still to be an effective information resource and it is mass-media which has a great influence on the audience. Such trends attract attention of political forces, structures of power and a general public. In this context, the social and political content of TV has an interest for researchers. The purpose of this article is to analyze the characteristics of the formation of social and political content at the leading private TV channels of Ukraine in today's media market and its impact on social and political life of the country.The formation of content at the private channels of Ukraine has a number of features. Submitted by newscasts and talk shows, the social and political content becomes an instrument of struggle for the TV audience, which is one of the consequences of the commercialization of Ukrainian television. Ratings and monitoring of the audience are the main tools of competition in the Ukrainian TV space. Approval of plans and actions in the context of the modern development of television and the Internet due to the challenges of the modern information world opens up new possibilities for channels, forcing them to create an interactive content, able to meet the information needs of audiences. However, in our view, the main problem of social and political content on Ukrainian TV is that it belongs to the financial and political groups. The problem also is in the vulnerability of the ukrainian information space, wich narrows the possibilities to resist influence of the russian segment of Ukrainian TV.
Систематизовано та детально проаналізовано основні підходи до визначення поняття Європи, серед яких особливу увагу приділено політичному. Представлено основні інтерпретації впливу політики на розуміння Європи. Доведено, що політична еліта ЄС визначає зміст поняття Європи, що безпосередньо зумовлює внутрішню та зовнішню політику ЄС та інших політико-територіальних утворень ; Систематизированно и детально проанализировано основые подходы к определению понятия Европы, среди которых уделено особое внимание политическому. Представлено основные интерпретации влияния политики на понимание Европы. Доказано, что политическая елита Европейского Союза определяет содержание понятия Европы, что непосредстаенно влияет на внутреннюю и внешнюю политику стран ЕС и других политико-территориальных единиц. ; Interpretation of Europe is based on different characteristics and notions. It is explained that concept of Europe may be considered in terms of geographical boundaries, religion, identity, cultural and social development and politics. The main aim of this paper is to show the crucial role of politics in the defining Europe.Among all aspects of the concept of Europe analyzed in the article one might see that geographical discourse about Europe is the most predictable, but since the mid-twentieth century its understanding is more political. There are some aspects of the definition of Europe through politics.Firstly, political history makes a great influence on perception Europe as a political entity. Secondly, democracy, rule of law, civil society and human rights are the main characteristics of the European countries. Thirdly, Europe is seen as a space based on the principles of pluralism and diversity. Europe today is a cosmopolitan space, meaning that its specific social form characterized by the recognition of diversity in all its forms: national, cultural, religious, and above all political. Fourth, it is used to identify Europe with the European Union not only because of mass media reports, but also because the EU's government has a strong impact on the European continent.Europe is a conventionally constructed political project that is initiated and driven by the European Union. For the state to be European means to have full or associated membership in the EU, to promote common European values and law, at least to be presumed as a part of Europe by the EU.In a nutshell, today discourse on the concept of Europe is based on politics and not on geographical, religious, cultural or economic processes that depends from the political intentions of the EU.
Проаналізовано процес заборони релігійної символіки та паралельне розповсюдження релігійної символіки у моді, вплив цих процесів на формування нового типу світогляду і самосвідомості людини ХХІ ст. Досліджено особливості амбівалентного статусу релігійної символіки у сучасній моді і світському суспільстві. ; The purpose of the article is to consider the secularization and fashion as factors, which form cultural context of the existence of religious symbols, in the globalization conditions. As a consequence of these processes we were done an analysis of the legislative prohibition of public demonstration of religious symbols and its existence and propagation in fashion. During the analysis it was determined that society was deprived not only the dominant of religious thinking and religious norms of conduct society, but also a sense of eternity, permanence, a sense of being absolute, by secularization. Fashion in the context of the globalization of culture becomes the catalyst of profanation and massification processes, development of individual religiosity. The influence of these factors led to emerge of a new type of worldview and identity of person, the characteristic features of which – the aspiration to unification and to the domination of modernity over traditional. Religious symbols are traditionally consider as an integral part of religious cult. Some of them even represent the ideological and symbolic personification of sacred religious faith quintessence. But they are acquired ambivalent value in a modern secularized society. On the one hand, demonstration of religious symbols and their usage in society is the subject of conflict between secular society ideological installations and traditions of different religions. But, on the other hand, religious symbols become as a public subjects with the help of fashion industry and mass media, which are make demonstration of them not only quite acceptable, but preferable. Trying to protect itself from external influence, european consciousness seeks to assimilate other traditions.But it is not able to protect their own values from desecration and indifferent attitude. Illustrative is also the fact that the legislative prohibition of the demonstration of religious symbols is primarily aimed at muslim women's traditional dress which is contrary to perceptions of europeans about freedom and dignity of women. Besides, the most common religious symbol that is used in fashion and becomes the object of endless semiosis is a christian cross, a traditional symbol to european cultural space. ; Проанализирован процесс запрета религиозной символики и параллельное распространение религиозной символики в моде, влияние этих процессов на формирование нового типа мировоззрения и самосознания человека XXI века. Исследованы особенности амбивалентного статуса религиозной символики в современной моде и светском обществе.
Охарактеризовано типи стратегій виборчих кампаній в електоральній практиці України. Проаналізовано вплив стратегій виборчих кампаній на створення партій та виборчих блоків в Україні. Виявлено систему формування та значення «іменних» блоків в електоральній практиці України. ; The purpose of the article is to distinguish and characterize types of election campaigns' strategies in the Ukrainian electoral practice.Types of election campaigns' strategies in electoral practice in Ukraine were characterized. In organizing the party elections on a proportional system, the following strategies of election campaigns were used: «policy» strategy, «hardware» strategy, «problem» strategy, «social and economic» strategy, «advertising» strategy, «leadership» strategy, «targeted» or «differentiated» strategy. «Policy» strategy is practically one of the easiest in the organization of policy campaigns, and sometimes it is referred to the so-called «naive» strategies. Indeed, hypertrophied role of program principles and documents of the party or bloc based on this approach. «Hardware» strategy of policy campaign involves all possible usege in the process of various means organization (e. g. mass media) and technologies aimed at using the resources of «management» in the elections. Essence of «problem» strategy is to select a few key issues for voters which a candidate or party offer to solve in different ways». Social and economic» strategy of the election campaign organization is based on targeting only the economic interests of different groups of voters. «Advertising» strategy is quite widely used in the process of election campaigns. Its essence is that the «promotion» of a candidate in the election process is the same as the promotion of any product on the market. It creates a positive image of the candidate, who then «moves» among voters. «Leadership» strategy (during individual elections it is called «strategy of ideal candidate») is based on the fact that voters (or their various groups) have some idea of the scope of political, business and personal skills that should have a certain politician. That is about a certain ideal candidate or leader of a political party or bloc, headed the list in the elections.«Targeted (differential)» strategy is the most effective during elections. It is based on determination according to sociological research groups of voters by various criteria – regional, educational, age, psychographic, according to the models of electoral behavior, followed by specific processing of strategies, methods, technologies of work with each of these groups during election campaign. This approach is the most appropriate.The influence of the election campaigns' strategies for creating parties and blocs in Ukraine was analyzed. Elements of almost all these election campaigns' strategies are accounted for parties and blocs to some extent. But, as it has already noted, today is the last «peep» of electoral fashion – creating a «nominal» blocs. This fashion has covered almost all the party-political elite.The system of the formation and meaning of «nominal» blocs in electoral practice in Ukraine was determined. The fact that today many political parties added a few small and unknown political forces in order to form electoral blocs clearly indicates that the relevant parties and politicians are well aware that politics in Ukraine is very personalized.The parliamentary elections in 2004, 2006 and 2007 showed that in the political arena just several powerful parties (blocs) should stay. Today, the majority of the population tends to vote for party leaders, but not for the party applications that are not different from one another. Therefore, in the process of party blocking is necessary to create powerful parties with national status who stand on the state positions and will put into practice its election programs. In our opinion, the powerful party of parliamentary type can mainly affect the achievement of key, strategic objectives – an effective economic development, political stabilization and consolidation of society. ; Охарактеризованы типы стратегий избирательных кампаний в электоральной практике Украины. Проанализировано влияние стратегий избирательных кампаний на создание партий и избирательных блоков в Украине. Выявлено систему формирования и значение «именных» блоков в электоральной практике Украины.
