Suchergebnisse

Background: Surabaya is one of the pioneers of the enactment of Smoke Free Area regulation. Regulations about Smoke Free Area ( SFA) and Smoke- Restricted Area (SRA) have validated at 2008 but started to be implemented in 2009. The aim of this study is to describe compliance of the implementation of that regulations from 2012until2014. Methods: This was a descriptive study with time series method. It saw how the implementation regulation based on the two surveys have done. The first survey conducted in 2012 with a sample size of 154 and the second survey conducted in 2014 by the number 300. The Survey samples were Categorized as Smoke Restricted Areas is a public place and Smoking Free Areas is health facilities. Cluster random sampling was used based on different areas of Surabaya (East, West, Center, North, and South). Data collection was done by an observation check list. The variable Consist of people are still found to be smoking inside the building, there are smoking room, Ashtray, cigarettes butts and cigarette sellers were found in the Smoke - Free Area. Results: The study founded that some indicators had improved in terms of the implementation of compliance regulations. But they also found an increase in violations in several indicators. Improved Implementation obtained on the indicators found room smoking increased (5.8% to 24%), showed signs ofbanned smoking (31.2% to 53%). Increasing the number of violations found in some indicator consist of founded people smoke (2 5.3 % to 41.3 % ), There was a smell of cigarette smoke (25.3% to 34.3%), found ashtrays and lighters (27.3% to 53.3 %), found cigarette butts (29.2% to 59%), there were indications of cooperation with the tobacco industry (22.1 % to 44.7%). Conclusions: The duration of the implementation of the regulations do not affect the compliance of the implementation of the regulation. The need for reinforcement in order to strengthen the implementation of regulations SFA in Surabaya.

Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran umumnya tidak menyukai Ilmu Kedokteran Forensik dan Medikolegal tetapi mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran harus mengetahui Ilmu Kedokteran Forensik dan Medikolegal oleh karena dalam mata kuliah tersebut dijelaskan bagaimana caranya penegak hukum minta bantuan kepada dokter baik dokter spesialis forensik, dokter spesialis yang lain maupun dokter umum, dan bagaimana caranya dokter memberi bantuan kepada penegak hukum. Peranan Ilmu kedokteran Forensik dan Medikolegal diatur di dalam KUHP, KUHAP, Undang-Undang RI No. 23 tahun 1992 tentang Kesehatan, Undang-Undang RI No. 29 tahun 2004 tentang Praktik Kedokteran dan Peraturan-peraturan Pelaksanaannya.

This study explores the value chain of the health insurance industry, government institutions, and healthcare providers in Indonesia. It is designed as qualitative research using exploratory case study approach. Primary data are obtained through in-depth interviews with informants consisting of health insurance managers, government officers, and hospital managers. Secondary data are collected through public reports. Some parties contribute to the high cost of healthcare in Indonesia along the value chain of the health insurance industry, government institutions, and healthcare providers. The structural cost drivers include bureaucracy, lack of synergy, fraud, hospital claims, medicine price, participants' behavior, and insurance companies' behaviors.