Suchergebnisse

This book is a reprint of Jaap R. Bruijn's 1993 book, The Dutch Navy, which offers an English-language overview of the history of the Dutch Navy in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. It is divided into three chronological periods: the 'old', 'new', and 'second-rate' navy. Rather than presenting a history of naval conflict, this volume approaches Dutch naval history from the following four angles: operations, administration, officer duties, and sailor duties. It consists of a series foreword, a new introduction detailing recent developments in naval historiography, the original introduction providing a history of Dutch maritime history from the middle ages to the beginning of the seventeenth century, a conclusion, and a bibliography and index. It explores the astounding amount of naval power belonging to such a sparsely populated nation, plus the rapid rates of success and decline. It confirms that the Dutch navy - with its logic, innovation, and missteps alike - provides an excellent case study of both the development of European bureaucracy and armed forces in the Early Modern period

This dissertation argues that the United States owed much of its early success, as well as certain aspects of its identity, to the marine insurance companies that began to form in American port cities after the ratification of the Constitution. When the American states chartered insurance companies as "corporations and bodies politic," they granted these companies new legal privileges. Insurance companies, however, were built around older bodies of organized capital and commercial information. Marine insurance was an age-old financial practice that ordered and disciplined merchant commerce. It functioned, in fact, as one of the key governance mechanisms of what we can understand as a polity of merchants, bound together more broadly by the set of customs, ideas, and technologies known as lex mercatoria , the law-merchant. This polity of merchants predated the United States by centuries; its relationship with governments was by turns antagonistic and complementary. As the early modern English state expanded its support for merchant commerce and the lucrative business of marine insurance, the polity of merchants increasingly came to be articulated through the state's new institutions.The American states chartered more than one hundred insurance companies between the ratification of the federal Constitution and the end of the Napoleonic Wars. These incorporations did not signify the full assimilation of commercial wealth into the republic. Rather, the new insurance companies became the leaders of a highly capitalized and coordinated American insurance sector that retained its capacity for independent action. In fact, insurers' legally secured status at home enabled them to shore up their control over American commerce overseas, establishing themselves anew as governors of the polity of merchants. At the same time, American insurance companies developed deep and mutually beneficial relationships with the other new American bodies politic, particularly the state-chartered banks and the federal government itself. The relationships among insurance companies, banks, and government, I argue, formed the core of a new American political economy. For insurers, securing a place in the United States was a cultural project as well as a legal and economic one. Through the deliberate efforts of company leaders, as well as through the productions of contemporary mapmakers, biographers, and fiction writers, the first generation of financial corporations came to be seen as a group of stable and patriotic institutions. This cultural entrenchment of the polity of merchants shaped public understandings not only of the American financial sector but also of the national project as a whole. The relationship between marine insurers and the federal government set the terms for American experiences in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. Insurers provided significant capital and information resources to the government, though they did so largely on their own terms. Insurers, uniquely, were perceived to stand both inside and outside the republic: they were celebrated as bulwarks of American commerce, but also respected as independent and objective assessors of American commercial security. When the Napoleonic Wars ended, and the existential threat to American trade subsided, insurers' political influence diminished. However, the project of establishing a workable body of American commercial law was just beginning. The importance of this project extended beyond the handful of American port cities dominated by commerce and insurance: the intellectual framework of nineteenth-century American nationalism itself was developed by lawyers immersed in the logic of lex mercatoria . Rather than viewing insurance as a response to risk in general, or as a mechanism for the accumulation of capital, this dissertation understands marine insurance first and foremost as a form of governance. American marine insurers, in particular, held unique political authority during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. Throughout this period, American insurers remained as mercantile as they were American; they made markets, and they made states.

"Grace M. Cho grew up in a small, rural American town as the daughter of a white American merchant marine and the Korean bar hostess he met abroad. When Grace was fifteen, her Korean mother experienced the onset of schizophrenia, a condition that would continue for the rest of her life. Part food memoir, part sociological investigation, TASTES LIKE WAR is a hybrid text about a daughter's search through intimate and global history to understand herself and the cultural roots of her mother's condition"--

The Italian Code for the Merchant Marine enacted in 1865, four years after the proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy, and which in part is still in force, was intended to regulate all legal aspects of navigation in peace and wartime. It therefore contained provisions (Arts. 225–229) dealing with prize jurisdiction. Article 225 provided: "Judgment on the lawfulness of captures and on seizures shall be pronounced by a special commission which will be appointed by royal decree according to the rules to be enacted by special regulation."

Until the 1790s marine insurance in the United States was organized by brokers and underwritten by private individuals. Beginning in 1792, however, the private underwriters had to compete with newly formed marine insurance corporations. Each organizational form had advantages and disadvantages. This article uses archival data from a private underwriter and a corporation to study how the competition between these different organizational forms was affected by a powerful exogenous shock which substantially increased the risks to American merchant shipping in the late 1790s: the "Quasi-War" between the United States and France.

As a littoral State with a long coastlines and a huge interest in the Atlantic ocean Cameroon has the responsibility to dispense justice with regard to matters pertaining to the waters under her control. Ship arrest within the waters of Cameroon is done in compliance with the procedure put in place by the CEMAC Marine Merchant Code 2012 and the 1999 Arrest Convention. These texts form part and parcel of Cameroons' legislation. Courts charged with the responsibility of ship arrest in Cameroon are the Court of First Instance and the High Court. Ship arrest in Cameroon is actually effected by a competent maritime authority following the order of a competent court. The arrest can either on the basis of saise conservatoire or saise vente. The courts often strive to protect the rights of third parties when a ship is arrested. This paper has as objective to examine the mechanisms for the arrest of a vessel within the maritime waters of Cameroon as provided by the maritime texts in force. Dr. Mantinkang Formbasso Lawrence "A Reflection on the Procedure for the Arrest of a Vessel Under the CEMAC Marine Merchant Code 2012 within Cameroons Territorial Waters and Post Arrest Issues" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd15844.pdf

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Preface -- About this book -- Author's Note -- Acknowledgements -- Abbreviations and Acronyms -- Part I: Introducing Hazards and Risks -- 1 Core Concepts and Themes of Hazard and Risk Analysis -- Defining Key Terms -- Swiss Cheese Model -- Summary -- 2 Importance of risk in organisational safety management -- Perceptions of Risk -- Summary -- 3 Safety planning -- Preliminary Hazard Analysis -- Verification and Validation -- Safety Planning -- Allocation of Resources -- Safety Plan -- Summary -- 4 Preliminary Hazard Identicfiation and Analysis -- Preliminary Hazard Identification -- Preliminary Hazard and Accident Analysis -- Hazard and Operability Studies -- Guide Words -- Summary -- 5 Functional Safety -- Types of Safety Function -- Control Functions -- Protection functions -- Safety Integrity Levels -- SIL Probabilities -- Risk Reduction Process -- First-Principles (Quantitative) Approach -- Other (Qualitative Approaches) -- Applying the SIL -- Industry Perspectives -- Targets for Hardware Failure Probability -- Relationship Between SILs, Techniques, and Measures -- Summary -- 6 Understanding Risk Analysis -- ALARP (As Low As Reasonably Practicable) -- GAMAB (Globalement AU Moins Aussi Bon) and GAME (Globalement AU Moins Équivalent) -- MEM (Minimale Endogene Mortalitã¤t) -- Conceptualising Risk -- Risk Estimation -- Frequency and Sequencing -- Safety Targets -- Risk Classification -- Categories of Severity -- Ford Pinto (1972) -- Summary -- 7 Applying Risk Analysis -- Systems Hazard Analysis -- Functional Systems Hazard Analysis (FSHA) -- Fault Tree Analysis -- FTA Software -- Event Tree Analysis -- Advantages and Limitations of ETA -- Failure Modes and Effects Analysis -- FMEA Worksheet -- Probability (P) -- Severity (S).

China's turn toward the sea is evident in its stunning rise in global shipbuilding markets, its expanding merchant marine, its wide reach of offshore energy exploration, its growing fishing fleet, and its increasingly modern navy. This comprehensive assessment of China's potential as a genuine maritime power is both unbiased and apolitical. Unlike other works that view China in isolation, it places China in a larger world historical context. The authors, all authorities on their historical eras, examine cases of attempted maritime transformation through the ages, from the Persian Empire to the