The review presents a discussion at the session of the Scientific Council of Moscow State University on the development of modern economic theory and Russian model of social and economic development. The session, held on November 28, 2019 at the Faculty of Economics in Lomonosov Moscow State University, was dedicated to two dates - the 215th anniversary of the Department of Political Economy and the 115th anniversary of N. A. Tsagolov. The topic of scientific discussion: "Interdisciplinary approach - the key to solving theoretical and practical problems of modern time". During the discussion, issues related to interdisciplinary method in economic theory, University traditions and modern experience of interdisciplinary method in economic science were discussed. Speakers also concentrated on the problems of national political economy development, inseparably connected with the history of the Department of Political Economy at the Faculty of Economics in Moscow University. Special attention was paid to the period of the development of the Department under the leadership of N. A. Tsagolov and formation of the scientific school connected with his name. The discussion focused on the interdisciplinary approach developed by "Tsagolov School", the possibility of its development under the conditions of a new scientific and technological revolution, and its role in the effective study of economy and society in the twenty-first century.
In the article are considered and analyzed used in some commercial written and oral advertising of goods and services techniques suggestion, based on the theory of psychoanalysis, introduced into scientific use by Sigmund Freud.
Cluster-network analysis of online communities will move from rizomnoy paradigm to cluster in the perception of social networks as a form of interpersonal and intergroup communication. This article describes the author's technique created and approved research online communities of political, public and commercial organizations in the framework of the IIP in "AIT" Bashkir State University.
The article presents a survey of the main positions presented in the talks delivered by participants in a discussion, taking place at a session of the Academic Council of Moscow State University on 28 November 2019, on the elaboration of modern economic theory and of the Russian model of socio-economic development. The session of the Academic Council took place in the Faculty of Economics of the M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, and was timed to coincide with two anniversary dates: the 215th anniversary of the chair of political economy of Moscow University and the 115th anniversary of the birth of N.A. Tsagolov. The theme of the discussion was: "The interdisciplinary approach — the key to solving the theoretical and practical problems of the modern age". The panellists discussed questions associated with the role of the interdisciplinary approach in economic theory. Also at the centre of attention were questions of the development of Russian political economy, a topic linked indissolubly with the history of the faculty, as well as questions related to the formation of the academic "Tsagolov school" and to its influence on the development of modern economic science.
The article presents the analysis of methodological issues and problems of the correlation between theory and reality in basic courses taught at the Faculty of Economics of Lomonosov Moscow State University. The paper provides the methodological approaches that can be used in conducting lectures and seminars, based on many years of experience; analyzes basic methods and forms that help convince students of the practical usefulness of the disciplines studied. The authors also offer methodological solutions that allow to explain to the students the ultimate goal of studying theoretical courses and encourage their involvement and interest in the learning process.
Guidelines contain recommendations for the implementation of independent works and course works by discipline "Theory of social work" for students specialty "Social work", approximate topics homework and course work.
Article about synthesis of theory the self-organizing and the institutional economic theory. The author proves the thesis about exogenous an origin of institutional processes in economy and cyclic institutional development.
Introduction. The article proposes a method of theoretical research on state policy in the scientific field by highlighting economic, legal and administrative aspects in its structure and using the well-known theoretical models of economics, law and politics to analyze specific documents and identify theoretical problems that require special study. The essence of the proposed changes in the methods of analysis is that, while at present the economic and legal aspects are considered instruments subordinate to the political objective, in the future it will be necessary to optimize these policy elements based on the developed theoretical apparatus in these areas and build state policy as a system of coordinated solutions in various aspects. Methods. An effective state policy is possible only on the condition of harmonious use of the methods inherent in each of the abovementioned areas of science. In the field of science management, the use of the economic theory of externalities (external effects) and institutional theory (optimization conditions) is especially relevant. At present, in Russia, the state policy in the scientific field is formed centrally in subordination to objectives that are also formed by political authorities. For this reason, the advantage of the three components of politics (management, economics and law) is, of course, given to management. The term management is introduced to distinguish between politics as a whole and politics as a complex of administrative measures. Results and Discussion. The study of management methods in terms and concepts of political science reveals the structure of political subjects and their hierarchy. The fulfillment of the goal-setting function and the dependence of its implementation on the prevailing structure of policy subjects were tracked in the greatest detail. It is shown that the insufficient presence of scientific organizations in the system of political subjects leads to the focus of the goals of state programs on the state apparatus as executors and ...
This research analyses social and generational theories by sociologists and economists, the patterns of development of society that they identified, and also traces the correlation between the portrait of a particular generation and toys for children under 7–11 years old, prevalent during the formation of this generation. An overview of modern popular toys is given and a forecast is made about what features and values of a generation can form their distribution. At the beginning of the research, the author discusses the connection between N. Kondratyev's wave theory, which reflects the economic situation influencing the formation of a generation, and the Hove-Strauss theory of generations, as well as sociological works that supplement the modern understanding of generations: A.M. Rykiel's generational values hierarchy, classification of generations by Yu.M. Levada. Further, attention is paid to the history of toys from the 1920s to 2020s and an analysis of the influence of toys on the formation of a generation is carried out. Some patterns are found between the values of a generation and toys widespread in the appropriate historical period, the result of the influence of modern toys on the portrait of a generation is predicted, and the reasons for such modern trend as gamification are also discussed. The search for patterns by which society is changing and the description of different generations and the historical and economic factors that determined their formation give the opportunity for the scientists to predict the image of the next generations. This perspective is relevant for the future as it has the prospect of development at the junction of social and exact sciences, may be used to predict scenarios of the future development of society. Revealing causal relationships and their subsequent expression by methods of mathematics will allow companies and government agencies to be more ready for new challenges, adapt to changes in society's needs and trends in its development. At this stage, the research partially forecast the face of the generation born in 2000- 2020, and asks questions for further research1. ; В данной работе обсуждаются социальные и поколенческие теории, созданные видными социологами и экономистами, выявленные ими закономерности развития общества, а также прослеживается взаимосвязь между портретом того или иного поколения и игрушками для детей до 7–11 лет, распространенными в годы формирования данного поколения. Дан обзор современных популярных игрушек и сделан прогноз о том, какие черты и ценности поколения может сформировать их распространение. В начале работы говорится о связи волновой теории Н. Кондратьева, отражающей экономическую ситуацию, оказывающей влияние на формирование облика поколения, и теорией поколений Хоува-Штрауса, а также о социологических трудах, дополняющих современное представление о поколениях: иерархия поколенческих ценностей А.М. Рикель, классификация поколений Ю.А. Левада. Далее внимание уделяется истории игрушек с 1920-х по 2020 гг. и проводится анализ влияния игрушек на формирование поколения, выявляются закономерности между ценностями поколения и распространенными в соответствующий исторический период игрушками, прогнозируется результат влияния современных игрушек на портрет поколения, а также затрагиваются причины такого современного тренда, как геймификация. Поиск закономерностей, по которым изменяется общество, описание разных поколений и исторических и экономических факторов, обусловивших их формирование, попытки предсказать облик следующих поколений актуальны и имеют перспективу развития на стыке общественных и точных наук, могут быть применены в целях прогнозирования сценариев будущего развития социума. Выявление причинно-следственных связей и последующее их выражение с помощью математических методов позволит компаниям и государственным органам быть более готовыми к новым вызовам, адаптироваться к изменениям запросов общества и тенденций его развития. На данном этапе работа частично освещает облик поколения, рожденного в 2000–2020 гг., и оставляет вопросы для дальнейшего исследования.
In this article, the work is considered from the standpoint of the theory of property rights. Determined methodological basis of property rights theory. Work is analyzed as an economic phenomenon. Expands the property system of the organization. We present intra-structure contracts. Intercompany property system is specified in respect of employment as a property of the object. We give the concept of labor in terms of property rights.
High-speed impact loading of solids is widely used in engineering, industry, military affairs. In considering of this process the main problem is to study the level of destruction and fragmentation of interacting solids based on the calculation and analysis of stress-strain state. The destruction and fragmentation of obstacles, failure mode, the processes of spall fracture, the value of overload, integral resistance force introduction, the final depth of penetration rate in through the destruction of solids, studies of the effect of reinforcing the processes of destruction zone configuration shock interaction, movement solid in the barrier and free space are the main applied objectives of the study. The analysis of experimental data shows that the mechanisms of destruction are significantly change with variation in the parameters of the impacting body and barrier properties. Therefore, the simulation of these processes is a topical problem. The simulation of processes of penetration and destruction is usually performed using numerical methods: finite element method, and the method of smooth (antialiased) particles because of their complexity and interconnectedness. The paper describes the methodology of the processes of dynamic interaction of solids. A mathematical model of the interaction includes the laws of conservation of mass, momentum and energy equations of state, the model of the stress-strain state of the materials. The numerical model is based on an approximation of the fundamental laws of conservation of explicit Euler equations. Interacting bodies are considered as a collection of particles with certain physical and mechanical properties. This model is called a smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH) method and is widely used in intensive dynamic loading of bodies, where there is a significant change in the topology of modeled objects. ; Высокоскоростное ударное нагружение твердых тел находит широкое применение в технике, промышленности, военном деле. При рассмотрении данного процесса главной задачей является изучение степени разрушения и фрагментации взаимодействующих твердых тел на основе расчета и анализа напряженно-деформированного состояния. Основными прикладными задачами исследований являются: разрушение и фрагментация преграды, вид разрушения, процессы откольного разрушения, величины перегрузок, интегральные силы сопротивления внедрению, конечные глубины проникновения, скорости при сквозном разрушении твердых тел, исследования влияния армирования на процессы разрушения, конфигурации зоны ударного взаимодействия, движения твердого тела в преграде и запреградном пространстве. Анализ экспериментальных данных показывает, что с изменением параметров ударяющего тела и свойств преграды, существенно меняются механизмы разрушения. Поэтому моделирование данных процессов является весьма актуальной задачей. Моделирование процессов проникновения и разрушения, как правило, выполняется, вследствие их сложности и взаимосвязанности, численными методами, методом конечных элементов и методом гладких (сглаженных) частиц. В работе описывается методология процессов взаимодействия снаряда с преградой. Математическая модель взаимодействия включает в себя законы сохранения массы, импульса и энергии, уравнения состояния вещества, модели напряженно-деформируемых состояний материалов. Численная модель основывается на аппроксимации основных законов сохранения явными уравнениями Эйлера. Взаимодействующие тела рассматриваются как совокупность частиц, обладающих определенными физико-механическими свойствами. Данная модель получила название метода сглаженных частиц SPH (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics) и широко используется при интенсивном динамическом нагружении тел, когда имеет место существенное изменение топологии моделируемых объектов. Приводятся результаты моделирования твердых тел.
The European Union has a variety of mechanisms to distribute its values and norms. The paper analyzes the method of modeling/imitation and similar mechanisms of ―contagion‖ and ―the power of example‖ that appeared as a result of the deep-seated image of the EU as a world standard and an example for others to follow. The rationale of the above mentioned foreign policy mechanisms is the social learning theory well-known in psychological science. The theory has been developing in EU studies and has facilitated the emergence of a "model power Europe" concept that best describes the role of imitation method in foreign policy of the European Union. The method suggests considering the EU as a model which attracts the attention of observers and becomes the source of imitation process for them. This mechanism is widely used in European foreign policy practice being one of the key factors of the EU global influence. The author addressed official documents, statements and speeches of European politicians, as well as theoretical and analytical works. ; Европейский Союз располагает разнообразными механизмами распространения своих ценностей и норм. В статье анализируется метод моделирования/имитации и аналогичные ему механизмы "инфицирования" и "силы примера", появившиеся в результате укоренившегося имиджа Евросоюза как мирового стандарта и примера для подражания. Обоснованием обозначенных внешнеполитических механизмов можно считать теорию социального обучения, широко известную в психологической науке. Теория получила развитие в европейских исследованиях и способствовала появлению концепции образцовой державы, раскрывающей роль метода имитации во внешней политике Евросоюза. Метод предполагает рассмотрение ЕС в качестве образца, который привлекает внимание наблюдателей и становится для них источником имитационного процесса. Данный механизм нашел широкое распространение в европейской внешнеполитической практике, став одним из ключевых факторов глобального влияния ЕС. При подготовке статьи ее автор опиралась на документы, официальные заявления и выступления европейских политиков, теоретические и аналитические работы
