Suchergebnisse

This book explores domestic opposition to formal US military bases in Latin America, and provides evidence of a growing network of informal and secretive base-like arrangements that supports US military operations in the Latin American Region.

The first decades of the twenty-first century in Latin America have been characterized by rapidly intensifying US-led militarization, with the US acquiring controversial rights and unprecedented access to facilities in Panama, Honduras, and Peru. US Military Bases and Anti-Military Organizing is the first book to look closely at the struggles of anti-military activists in Ecuador as they attempted to challenge what was, for just under ten years, the US Air Force's largest forward operating location in the Western hemisphere. Drawing on sixteen months of fieldwork with US military personnel, US private military contractors, and anti-military activists on and around this facility in Manta, Ecuador, Fitz-Henry reorients contemporary anthropological and political debate about US-led militarization by focusing on the neglected range of ways in which the anti-base movement came to be rejected by local residents.

Anti-U.S. base protests, played out in parliaments and the streets of host nations, continue to arise in different parts of the world. In a novel approach, this book examines the impact of anti-base movements and the important role bilateral alliance relationships play in shaping movement outcomes. The author explains not only when and how anti-base movements matter, but also how host governments balance between domestic and international pressure on base-related issues. Drawing on interviews with activists, politicians, policy makers and U.S. base officials in the Philippines, Japan (Okinawa), Ecuador, Italy and South Korea, the author finds that the security and foreign policy ideas held by host government elites act as a political opportunity or barrier for anti-base movements, influencing their ability to challenge overseas U.S. basing policies

In Armed Guests, Sebastian Schmidt develops a theory to explain the emergence of this phenomenon, which he calls "sovereign basing," and in doing so, shows how this new practice fundamentally changed state sovereignty and the very nature of security competition. He applies concepts derived from pragmatist thought to a historical study of the relations between the United States and its wartime allies to explain how sovereign basing originated through the efforts of policymakers to come to grips with the unique security environment of the postwar era.

Over the past century, the United States has created a global network of military bases. While the force structure offers protection to US allies, it maintains the threat of violence toward others, both creating and undermining security. Amy Austin Holmes argues that the relationship between the US military presence and the non-US citizens under its security umbrella is inherently contradictory. She suggests that while the host population may be fully enfranchised citizens of their own government, they are at the same time disenfranchised vis-à-vis the US presence. This study introduces the concept of the 'protectariat' as they are defined not by their relationship to the means of production, but rather by their relationship to the means of violence. Focusing on Germany and Turkey, Holmes finds remarkable parallels in the types of social protest that occurred in both countries, particularly non-violent civil disobedience, labor strikes of base workers, violent attacks and kidnappings, and opposition parties in the parliaments

Great Power Competition for Overseas Bases: The Geopolitics of Access Diplomacy explores the geopolitics of the major powers' overseas basing systems in relation to global strategies and changes in the international system in three fairly distinct phases: the interwar, early postwar, and recent postwar periods. This book links the great powers' competition for overseas bases to several streams of more or less contemporary international relations theory. This monograph consists of seven chapters and opens with an introduction to the diplomacy of basing access, followed by a discussion on the different types or purposes of basing access as they have evolved over the past several decades in response to changes in diplomacy and military technology. The major powers' overseas basing-access networks in the consecutive interwar, early postwar, and recent postwar periods are then reviewed, along with the earlier corpus of geopolitical theory, specifically as it relates to basing diplomacy. Emphasis is on the conflicting assumptions about what reciprocal strategic advantages and disadvantages inhere to the geographic positions of the United States and USSR. The final chapter considers a number of ""functional"" areas of world politics that are closely intertwined with basing diplomacy, and relates the competition for facilities to raw materials access, surrogate wars, strategic deterrence, arms control, balances of payments, arms sales and aid, alliances, and other such staple concerns of international relations. This book will be of interest to political scientists, military and government officials, diplomats, and policymakers.

AuthorAcknowledgements GlossaryChapter One -- Overseas bases and US strategic posture Some historical background Bring the legions home? Evolutions in military affairs Few opportunities, many constraints Chapter Two -- Basing and US grand strategy The Middle East China and the Indo-Pacific Europe and NATO Chapter Three -- Optimising US regional footprints: The Middle East Contingencies Basing implications Carrier relevance Changing environment Chapter Four -- Optimising US regional footprints: China and the Indo-Pacific Military considerations Political considerations Chapter Five -- Optimising US regional footprints: Europe Russian revanchism A robust presence Chapter Six -- Conclusion The Indo-Pacific The Middle East Europe Prospects NotesIndex

"Special District It'aewŏn": Of Containment and FermentationLiberalizing It'aewŏn: A Street of One's Own?; It'aewŏn Suspense: Space of Pleasure, Realm of Fear; A Really Violent Bunch?; It'aewŏn('s) Freedom; 6 Demilitarizing the Urban Entertainment Zone? Hongdae and the US Armed Forces in the Seoul Capital Area; Spoiling the Show?; Hongdae's Forbidden Fruits; Yanggongju Revisited: "Are Western Bastards that Good?"; "Sexual Harassment of National Proportions"; Anti-militarist Punks in Hongdae; From Hongdae to Taechuri; Exit the Demilitarized Zone, Enter the Temporary Autonomous Zone?

In the years around the Second World War, policymakers in the US & Western Europe faced security challenges occasioned by the development of new technologies & the emergence of transnational ideological conflict. In coming to terms with these challenges, they developed the historically novel practice in which a state might maintain a long-term, peacetime military presence on the territory of another sovereign state without the subjugation of the latter. Such arrangements between substantive equals were previously unthinkable: under the inherited understanding of sovereignty, in which there was a tight linkage between military presence & territorial authority, such military presences could be understood only in terms of occupation or annexation. This text applies concepts derived from pragmatist thought to a historical study of the relations between the US & its wartime allies to explain the origin of this phenomenon.

Salvaging Community -- Contents -- Preface and Acknowledgments -- Introduction: The Base Closure Crisis -- 1. BRAC and Federal Public Policy: Defense Conversion from 1945 to 2016 -- 2. National Trends in Military Redevelopment: Challenges of Governance, Financing, and Environmental Remediation -- 3. Planning for Transformation: The Folly of Best Practices in Redevelopment -- 4. Collaborative Governance: How Rescaling the State Drives Redevelopment -- 5. The Pursuit of Integration: Centrality and Isolation in Defense Conversion -- 6. Financing the Deal: Leveraging Global Resources for Local Conversion -- Conclusion: Converting Bases in the Twenty-First Century -- Appendix: Variables and Descriptions for Quantitative Models -- Notes -- References -- Index.