Suchergebnisse

Not much research has looked at how diversity and gender affect military professionalism and diverse groups perceive this concept. Using a qualitative approach, the study examined perspectives on military professionalism and unprofessionalism among diverse members of the Albanian Armed Forces (AAF). To ensure a diversity of participants, the study was based on the constructivist paradigm (multiple realities) as well as the Gender Perspective in the Albanian Armed Forces report (2013), which helps identify the varying impacts of such research on diverse groups of men and women. A total of 150 individuals participated in interviews and focus groups between October 2022 and August 2023. The findings show that professionalism and unprofessionalism each have distinct characteristics, where leadership is a key factor. This study sheds light on the members' experiences and how the latter affect the way in which professionals are perceived. Keywords: Albanian Armed Forces, Military Professionalism, Qualitative Research, Diversity

Abstract. The Covid-19 crisis that hit the USA especially hard was accompanied by intensified anti-Chinese racism fuelled by the anti-Chinese rhetoric used by the Trump Administration. Although Trump's political opponents blamed him for having mismanaged the pandemic response, the anti-Chinese stance was a bipartisan issue. The article aims to analyse anti-Chinese racism in its systemic and historical dimensions. It examines the nature and strategic utility of antiChinese racism for past, the Trump, and future administrations as well as for America's elites generally. It is shown that anti-Chinese racism was substantially transformed during the pandemic and above all utilised to address the general destabilisation of the US-dominated socio-political and socio-economic order both at home and globally. China's growing importance around the world and the potential domestic destabilisation of the US mean that the strategic utility of anti-Chinese racism may well remain important for some time to come. Keywords: Covid-19 crisis, Trump's presidency, antiChinese racism, systemic racism, foreign policy

Politična korektnost predstavlja velik problem v današnji družbi, ki skuša biti inkluzivna. V inkluzivni družbi je namreč pomemben jezik, ki ga uporabljamo, saj ne želimo nikogar diskriminirati ali izključiti iz družbe. Magistrsko delo se osredotoča na politično korektne in nekorektne izraze, ki se pojavijo na socialnem omrežju Twitter v času predvolilne kampanje v ZDA in v Avstriji. Zanimal me je predvsem jezik štirih predsedniških kandidatov: Donalda Trumpa in Hillary Clinton iz ZDA ter Norberta Hoferja in Alexandra van der Bellena iz Avstrije. S pomočjo izbranih objav na socialnem omrežju Twitter sem skušala poiskati povezave med Avstrijo in ZDA. V teoretičnem delu sem navedla vse potrebne definicije in prikazala politično korektnost v povezavi z drugimi jezikovnimi fenomeni, kot so tabuji, stereotipi in predsodki. Ločeno sem obravnavala politično korektnost v Avstriji in politično korektnost v ZDA. Zanimala me je tudi povezava politične korektnosti s svobodo govora. Raziskala sem, s katerimi zakoni je urejena pravica do svobode govora v Avstriji oz. Evropi ter v ZDA. V empiričnem delu sledi analiza izbranih objav. Vse politično nekorektne in politično korektne izraze, ki so se pojavili v času predvolilne kampanje, sem razdelila v kategorije in jih analizirala tako statistično kot tudi jezikovno. Rezultati so pokazali razliko med ZDA in Avstrijo glede rabe politično korektnega jezika in zmage na volitvah. V ZDA je namreč zmagal kandidat, ki je med kampanjo uporabil največ politično nekorektnih izrazov. V Avstriji pa je zmagal politično najbolj korekten kandidat. Največ različnih politično nekorektnih izrazov se je pojavilo na področju rasnega/etničnega razlikovanja, kar sem tudi pričakovala. ; Political correctness matters for inclusive society. Language that we use is very important in an inclusive society because we do not want to discriminate or exclude anyone from society. This master's thesis focuses on politically correct and politically incorrect terms that appeared in the social network Twitter during the election campaign in the USA and Austria. I was interested in the language of the four presidential candidates, Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton from the USA, and Norbert Hofer and Alexander Van der Bellen from Austria. I tried to find similarities and differences between Austria and the USA with the help of selected posts on Twitter. The theoretical part, contains the definition of political correctness and show political correctness in relation to other linguistic phenomena, such as taboos, stereotypes and prejudices. Political correctness in Austria and political correctness in the USA are compared and political correctness is associated to the freedom of speech. The legislation regulating right to the freedom of speech in Austria and in the USA is discussed. The empirical part presents an analysis of selected Twitter posts. All politically incorrect and politically correct terms that were found during the election campaign were divided into categories and analyzed both statistically as well as linguistically. I have found out that politically correct language is not necessary for an election victory. In the USA a candidate who used the most politically incorrect expressions during the campaign won. In Austria, on the other hand, the most politically correct candidate won. Most politically incorrect expressions appeared in the category racial/ethnical discrimination, which was expected.

Slovenija je po osamosvojitvi organizirala vojaško obrambo na način, kot je bil v nekdanji skupni državi. Razvijala je številčno veliko vojsko, v katero so bili vključeni z majhnim deležem pripadniki stalne sestave ter pripadniki rezervne sestave, ki so bili v enote SV razporejeni na podlagi zakonsko obveznega služenja v rezervni sestavi. Pripadniki moškega spola so se usposabljanja za obrambo domovine udeleževali na služenju vojaškega roka, ki je bil prav tako zakonsko obvezen za vse zdravstveno sposobne moške državljane, stare med 18 in 27 let. Ob nadaljnjem razvoju Slovenske vojske se je vse bolj kazala potreba po drugačnem organiziranju vojaške obrambe, ki bi tako zagotovila doseganje novih doktrinarnih in strateških obrambnih načel. Vse bolj se je kristalizirala potreba po prehodu na poklicni način popolnjevanja vojske. Slovenska vojska je s prehodom na poklicni način popolnjevanja, dopolnjenega s pogodbeno rezervo doživela številne spremembe tako v kadrovski kot tudi v organizacijski strukturi. Vse te spremembe pa so zahtevale spremembe tudi na drugih področjih, med njimi vojaški infrastrukturi. Po izvedeni koncentraciji sil in sredstev v perspektivne objekte, ki jih uporablja Slovenska vojska, je sledilo zagotavljanje bivalnih in delovnih zmogljivosti, kjer je nastanjena poklicna vojska. Sledeč cilju razviti majhno in dobro usposobljeno vojsko, so bili posodobljeni ali na novo zgrajeni tudi nekateri objekti, namenjeni izobraževanju, usposabljanju in urjenju. Pripadnik je najpomembnejši in ključni dejavnik v delovanju Slovenske vojske. Celostna skrb za pripadnike Slovenske vojske je postala s profesionalizacijo vojske pomembna dejavnost, ki pa do danes še ni zaživela v celoti. Prostorska urejenost za izvajanje programov celostne skrbi za pripadnike Slovenske vojske je marsikje še v obliki načrtov. ; After Slovenian independence the military defence in Slovenia was organized in the same way as it was in the former joint country. Slovenia developed armed forces, great in numbers, which were complemented by permanent forces' members in a minor part, and by reserve army, which were organized into Slovenian Armed Forces (SAF) units on the basis of a legally mandatory military service. Male citizens participated in homeland defence training in the form of military service, which was also legally mandatory for all medically fit male citizens between 18 and 27 years of age. With the further development of Slovenian Armed Forces, it has become clear that the military defence should be organized differently to ensure the achievement of new doctrinal and strategic defence principles. The need of transition to complement the armed forces with professional army has become more and more clear. With the transition to the professional army, additionally complemented by contract reserve force, the Slovenian Armed Forces have experienced numerous changes, both in staff and organizational structure. All these changes resulted also in modifications in other fields, such as military infrastructure. Following the concentration of forces and assets to perspective facilities, used by the Slovenian Armed Forces, the living and work capacities for the professional army were ensured. Some facilities intended for education, training and drills have been upgraded or rebuilt in the pursuit of developing small and well-trained armed forces. The most important and key factor in the functioning of SAF is a military member. The integral care for members of the SAF has, with the professionalization of the armed forces, become an extremely important activity, which has not yet entirely thrived. The spatial arrangement of implementation of integral care programmes for SAF members is still largely in the planning phase.