Suchergebnisse

This text attempts to answer the main research question: what opportunities and challenges are facing the development cooperation implemented by Poland in the second decade of the 21st century? The following issues were considered in the analysis: the legal and institutional framework of Polish development cooperation, its geographical and thematic concentration, and financial resources allocated to these activities. A new quality in this area of Polish policy was introduced by the Act on development cooperation adopted in 2011, as well as by the articulation, through multi‑annual programs, of the preferred specialization of Polish activities in this field. However, there are still reservations regarding the cohesion of programming of Polish development cooperation with the EU and the global development agenda, the state's fulfilment of international commitments and the level of ODA financing, due to which Poland's participation in the global ODA system remains marginal.

The validity of the current global development agenda, known as the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) ends on December 31, 2015. International community has worked on the new development agenda since 2010. The new development agenda will replace the MDGs from 1 January 2016. The European Union is a very active participant in the work on the shape of the new development agenda. EU activity in this area is coming clearly both from the organization's ambition, wanting to play the role of a "global player" and the importance of global development policy objectives for the EU's development cooperation. Not coincidentally, the European Union announced the 2015 European Year of Development (EYD). The article presents the position of the most important institutions of the EU towards a new agenda for development (Post 2015 agenda). ; Ważność aktualnej, globalnej agendy rozwojowej, znanej pod nazwą Milenijne Cele Rozwojowe (MDGs), kończy się 31 grudnia 2015 r. Od 2010 r. trwają prace analityczne, programowe i polityczne nad nową agendą rozwojową, która zastąpi MDGs począwszy od 1 stycznia 2016 r. Unia Europejska jest bardzo aktywnym uczestnikiem prac nad kształtem kolejnej agendy rozwojowej. Aktywność UE w tym obszarze wynika zarówno z ambicji tej organizacji, chcącej odgrywać rolę "globalnego gracza", jak i znaczenia założeń globalnej polityki rozwojowej dla unijnej współpracy rozwojowej. Nieprzypadkowo Unia Europejska ogłosiła rok 2015 Europejskim Rokiem na rzecz Rozwoju – European Year for Development (EYD). Artykuł przedstawia stanowisko najważniejszych instytucji UE wobec nowej agendy rozwojowej (Post 2015).

This article provides a scientific reflection on the need for considering the issue of new technologies and their development in contemporary social policy in Poland. The article focuses on three selected areas of social policy, which are most intensively influenced by the development of new technologies: labor market policies, education policies, and telecare, including some elements of senior policies. The publication initiates further discussion on the current challenges and dilemmas faced by social policymakers. It corresponds to the specific experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic related to intensified, technologically mediated forms of communication and remote forms of using social services. It argues that rapid development of new technologies changes the goals and ways of putting social policies into practice. Drawing on theoretical assumptions of technological determinism and new institutionalism, the article aims to conclude that adequate institutional and legislative changes should be the consequence of technological changes and they should lead to greater compatibility of systemic solutions with citizens' everyday practice.

The article aims to observe the purpose and subject of "public policy sciences" from the perspective of living space. The role of housing policy and settlement in this respect is at the core of the paper reasoning. It requires reflection on the relationships of social, housing and settlement policies, and their location on the background of other elements and disciplines of social sciences in the context of living. Public policy relations of a systemic, political, economic and social character, as well as of natural and ecological one, which complement the concept of sustainable development, are also discussed. This concept focused more than ever on a fair and decent habitation of successive generations, by substantially increasing the role of housing and settlement policy, highlights that the aim and subject of "the public policy sciences" is the living space.

India is a pluralistic, multilingual and multi-ethnic country located in Southeast Asia. It is the 2nd largest populated country which has the 7th position in the geographical area. Since 1990 India has emerged as one of the wealthiest economies in the developing world. Recently it is the second fastest growing major economy in the world. Despite the fact that economical development in India has been accompanied by increases in life expectancy, literacy rates and food security, India's performance in the area of health care has been still far from satisfactory. The system of financing health care as a one of the most privatized in the world faces especially many problems. This paper would therefore attempt to describe and assess the system of financing health care in India. In order to outline to the readers the overall country context the first section will provide a brief description of the demographic, economic and health profile of the Indian population. The second and third sections will present the main methods of funding health care in India as well as and the budget of health care system. The concluding section would attempt to assess the financing system in India and offer a way forward for the better achievement of health care system goals.

Ważność aktualnej, globalnej agendy rozwojowej, znanej pod nazwą Milenijne Cele Rozwojowe (MDGs), kończy się 31 grudnia 2015 r. Od 2010 r. trwają prace analityczne, programowe i polityczne nad nową agendą rozwojową, która zastąpi MDGs począwszy od 1 stycznia 2016 r. Unia Europejska jest bardzo aktywnym uczestnikiem prac nad kształtem kolejnej agendy rozwojowej. Aktywność UE w tym obszarze wynika zarówno z ambicji tej organizacji, chcącej od¬grywać rolę "globalnego gracza", jak i znaczenia założeń globalnej polityki rozwojowej dla unijnej współpracy rozwojowej. Nieprzypadkowo Unia Europejska ogłosiła rok 2015 Europejskim Rokiem na rzecz Rozwoju - European Year for Development (EYD). Artykuł przedstawia stanowisko najważniejszych instytucji UE wobec nowej agendy rozwojowej ; The validity of the current global development agenda, known as the Millennium Develop¬ment Goals (MDGs) ends on December 31,2015. International community has worked on the new development agenda since 2010. The new development agenda will replace the MDGs from 1 Jan¬uary 2016. The European Union is a very active participant in the work on the shape of the new de¬velopment agenda. EU activity in this area is coming clearly both from the organization's ambition, wanting to play the role of a "global player" and the importance of global development policy objectives for the EU's development cooperation. Not coincidentally, the European Union announced the 2015 European Year of Development (EYD). The article presents the position of the most important institutions of the EU towards a new agenda for development (Post 2015 agenda).

The article aims to evaluate the process of creation and the content of urban development strategies of Polish cities in the context of the premises of the reform of the development management system in 2020 and recommendations from the literature. The evaluation focuses on two aspects: integration of socio-economic and spatial development planning, and the implementation scheme. The analysis covered four regional capitals that have adopted new strategies: Gorzów Wielkopolski, Łódź, Białystok, and Lublin. The research was pursued by reviewing strategies and interviewing individuals responsible for creating the strategy. The findings confirm that the goal of integration of socio-economic and spatial development planning has proved difficult to accomplish, and legislative changes have failed to overcome the dysfunction of development planning in Poland. Considering implemen-tation schemes, the approach to monitoring and evaluation was appreciated, while insti-tutional implementation systems raised some issues. The article offers some explanations of local governments' attitudes to strategic planning, highlights best practices and advice for development policies, and presents city representatives' views on legislative changes.

The main threat to the economic development of Poland is the danger of overlapping of two processes – the decline in the growth of the working age population and the outflow of young, talented and educated people to richer countries. Therefore, the most important goal of the economic policy should be rapid making up the gap to the average EU level. This can be impeded by the current state of public finances, due to high level of debt. Moreo-ver, there are also other factors, which under certain conditions, may lead to a cumulative negative effect, which in turn would threaten the financial stability of the budget. At the same time, the bases of competitiveness of the economy gradually expire, which requires transition to the competition of a qualitative nature. According to the Author, an oppor-tunity to avoid the threat is to use the global market more extensively. He suggests public innovation in a form of the so-called smart company incubators. ; Głównym zagrożeniem dla rozwoju gospodarczego Polski jest niebezpieczeństwo nałożenia się dwóch procesów – spadku przyrostu ludności w wieku produkcyjnym oraz odpływu młodych, zdolnych i wykształconych osób do krajów bogatszych. Dlatego też, najważniejszym celem polityki gospodarczej powinno być szybkie odrobienie dystansu do średniego poziomu UE. Utrudnić to może obecny stan finansów państwa, z powodu wysokiego poziomu zadłużenia. Ponadto, pojawiają się też inne czynniki, które w określonych warunkach mogą doprowadzić do skumulowanego, negatywnego efektu, który z kolei zagrozi stabilności finansowej budżetu. Jednocześnie stopniowo wygasają dotychczasowe podstawy kon kurencyjności gospodarki, co wymaga przejścia do konkurencji o charakterze jakościowym. Zdaniem autora, szansą dla uniknięcia zagrożenia jest dużo szersze wykorzystanie rynku globalnego. Proponuje innowację publiczną w postaci tzw. inkubatorów inteligentnych firm.

The article presents mediation as the basic method of alternative dispute resolution (the so-called ADR), used to resolve conflicts in administrative and judicial-administrative proceedings, and analyses legal regulations regarding mediation in administrative and court-administrative cases. The summary draws attention to the similarities and differences between administrative mediation and court-administrative mediation. ; The article presents mediation as the basic method of alternative dispute resolution (the so-called ADR), used to resolve conflicts in administrative and judicial-administrative proceedings, and analyses legal regulations regarding mediation in administrative and court-administrative cases. The summary draws attention to the similarities and differences between administrative mediation and court-administrative mediation.

The examination of public policy in Poland should refer to the terms, analytical categories as well as theories, which have already been postulated in this research field. The article aims to present an overview of the development of public policy theories in the long run. To begin with, the typological and stages approaches were presented. The theories of public policy were presented as two broader classes based on the differentiation into rational and interpretative paradigms. The application of the first one was examined in greater detail in the area of defining the choices of the ways to address public issues. The interpretative paradigm was presented mainly in connection with the argumentative approach as well as an attempt to combine the rational and interpretative approaches in the context of a rational discussion. The overview ends with the presentation of a few ways of organising the public policy research field through the research questions, the research areas, the theoretical-methodological framework as well as the archetypes of the public policy analysts' activity.

The presence of an extensive number of Polish immigrants in Ireland has a short history, which began after Poland's accession to the EU. Therefore, the organizations that have been set up since 2004 were to a high degree built up with no or little impact of the existing tradition of immigrant structures and institutions. This makes Ireland a specific laboratory for testing a new model of immigrants' organization of the 21st century. The article aims to describe the development of Polish immigrant organizations in Ireland and to present their characteristics, including their goals, activities, the role of new media and technology, as well as the patterns of participation and communication. The detailed presentation of these characteristics and case studies serves the goal of answering the question: if and to what extent "young" Polish immigrant organizations in Ireland can be seen as the forerunners of a new model of immigrants' organization of the 21st century.